Chapter 01: Assignment: The World of Innovative Management

This individual was a practicing psychologist who observed that his patients' problems usually stemmed from an inability to satisfy their needs.

Abraham Maslow

Championed by Henri Fayol in the early 20th century, the __________________________ delineates the management functions of planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling.

administrative principles

Arising from the Hawthorne studies in the early 1920s, the _______________________ movement suggests that employees perform better when their managers treat them better.

human relations

If these skills make up the majority of the skills Deshane uses on the job, he is most likely a

senior manager

Serena notices that changes in one ___________ of the organization affect other aspects of the business, and she needs to take these effects into account when she makes decisions.

subsystem

Professor Linda Hill did research that followed new managers for their first year in their jobs. She found that they changed over time, moving from an "individual identity" to a "manager identity." The following diagram outlines the characteristics associated with each of these identities. Each identity is missing a characteristic in the A or B position.

A individual actor to a network builder

"W.B., make sure your managers are spending time in five different areas: planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. If they're overlooking an area, the company won't be as effective."

Administrative principles

American Express looks at historical transactions to predict consumer behaviors. By watching how current and past customers have used their credit, American Express can predict churn and customer loyalty.

Big Data Analytics

Zappo's, the shoe retailer, has instituted a holacracy management system. This system encourages employees to act like entrepreneurs and lets them make critical decisions in the company.

Bossless Organization

"Have you assigned responsibilities to a particular job, rather than to an individual? Companies operate more effectively when tasks are associated with positions and when those positions are organized in a hierarchy of authority."

Bureaucratic management

You notice that when customers have too many choices, they are less likely to make a decision about what to buy, so you tell all of your employees to bring out only three things at one time. In addition, you start to pay your employees a commission for every item that they sell.

Classical Management Theory

Mumford, Campion, and Morgeson studied approximately 1,000 managers, spread across junior, midlevel, and senior-level positions. They were interested in knowing how different levels of managers used four types of skills: cognitive, interpersonal, business, and strategic. The following graph shows the results of their study. What can management researchers infer based on this study? Check all that apply.

Cognitive skills show the least change in level required between junior-level and senior-level managers If managers want to progress from junior to senior management, they will increase their use of strategic skills at a faster rate than they acquire cognitive skills

Dow Chemical CEO Andrew Liveris checks financial reports to see whether Dow has met its financial goals for the quarter.

Controlling

Sales representatives for The Hershey Company use software to find videos and other sales tools, analyze store level point-of-sale insights, review sales call history, and access and maintain key contact data.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

A recent Bain study suggests that one of the top concerns of managers is:

Excessive complexity

Which of the management theorists attending the dinner was known as "the father of scientific management"?

Frederick Taylor

From Traditional Approach to New Competencies

From controller to enabler From conflict and competition to collaboration From autocratic to empowering From maintaining stability to mobilizing for change

Employees do a better job of selling when they are happy at work. You make sure that you check in with employees frequently, addressing any of their concerns as soon as they arise.

Humanistic Management Theory

You have lunch with a friend who was recently promoted to a management position. "Congratulations!" you say. But she looks at you and says, "I'm not so sure." She goes on to tell you that she's overwhelmed with the pace of the work and the demands on her time. "I used to just think about myself and my own performance," she says, "and now I'm constantly dealing with all these interdependent aspects of the organization. I'm expected to motivate other people to work hard—just working hard myself was a lot easier. And the interruptions! I have to shift gears constantly." She asks for your advice: "I would love to get more done in less time, be more relaxed, and have more time to enjoy my job and my life. Do you know any time management tips?"

Keep a to-do list of what needs to be done. Do just one thing at a time, giving it your complete focus.

Chairman Leonard Riggio reassured Barnes & Noble employees that he was working to save the organization when he announced that he was thinking about gathering investors to buy the company's bricks-and-mortar stores, taking it private.

Leading

Looking at sales reports, you realize merchandise purchased at estate sales brings in a 200% profit and sells in 2 weeks while merchandise purchased from brokers yields only a 20% profit and takes 2 months to sell. As a result, you decide to buy all of your merchandise from estate sales from now on.

Management Science

Her background as a social worker informed her writings on reducing conflict in organizations—she stressed the idea that leaders must work with people rather than implementing a set of techniques.

Mary Parker Follett

In your first day as a driver for Road-O-Rama Freight, you realize that something just isn't right. Trucks go out half full, and drivers often get the wrong addresses so freight doesn't arrive at its destination. When telling a friend about your new job, how would you describe this company's operations?

Neither effective nor efficient

A construction project manager from Iron Horse Construction uses a team of experts to design the development of a new property on the top of a very steep ridge. The team includes geotechnical consultants, erosion control specialists, and contractors.

Organizing

Thanks to your family's excellent planning, the reunion achieves high ____________________. No one is stressed out or exhausted, spending came in under budget, and everyone had a good time.

Performance

The year is 1910, and Madame Patricia (Trish) LaBella, a prominent New York hostess, is having a dinner party. Madame LaBella's husband, W.B. LaBella, is a distinguished industrialist who owns several large bicycle factories. W.B. prides himself on his fine product, but he faces fierce competition, both from Raleigh (an English bicycle company) and from the new automobiles that are starting to appear on the roads. Last week, W.B. said to Trish, "I just don't know what I'm going to do, my dear. Costs keep going up, and I have to find some way to encourage my workers to produce more." Wanting to help her husband, Madame LaBella invited the most influential management thinkers of her day to gather at her table and discuss whether W.B. would benefit from using scientific management, bureaucratic management, or administrative principles in his factories. Which of the following management theorists did not attend the dinner?

Peter Senge

Author Simon Rick spends time every day reading. He says, "I try to read about subjects that I'm interested in, and that usually helps me come up with ideas for stories and characters and jokes."

Planning

"Have you looked carefully at your workers' movements? If you break each worker's job down into the smallest possible task, you can redesign the job to use fewer motions and make it more efficient."

Scientific management

In 2000, Whirlpool struggled to have the right product in the right place at the right time, so it replaced its many production-scheduling and distribution systems with a single solution, achieving greater efficiency and cost savings.

Supply Chain Management

The average human being has an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if possible.

Theory X

External control and the threat of punishment are not the only means for bringing about effort toward organizational objectives. A person will exercise self-direction and self-control in the service of objectives to which he or she is committed.

Theory Y

Today's workplace is changing. Managers are less likely to adopt _____________ leadership style. Now managers are more likely to create a _____________ work environment.

a command and control; flexible

Here, Deshane is reviewing blueprints for his company's latest building as he plans a long-term strategy for where the company should build in the next 10 years. Deshane is using ________ skills to complete this task.

conceptual

When Varun was promoted, he found he needed to use more __________ skills, planning work and solving problems.

conceptual

A guest lecturer in a management class holds the _________________ when she says that no management technique works in all situations but similar responses can be applied to common problems.

contingency view

Facebook and Google announced that they would stop requiring employees with sexual harassment claims to use private arbitration to settle those claims.

decisional

One consequence for nonprofits of using resources inefficiently is that

donors may be less likely to contribute

Decisional

entrepreneur, disturbance handler, negotiator, resource allocator

Management in a small business is __________ important as management in a large organization.

equally as

Interpersonal

figurehead, leader, liaison

Lisa and Ken were arguing. Ken said, "But workers shouldn't be mollycoddled! They need to be given instructions on how to get the job done, and then they need to do it!" Lisa responded, "Ken, you just don't understand. If you don't ask workers what they think and pay attention to their feelings, they won't do the job! You have to have a little soul!" Lisa is taking a _________________________ approach, while Ken isn't.

humanity of production

Becoming a manager means a profound transformation in the way people think of themselves, called personal ______________ , which includes letting go of deeply held attitudes and habits and learning new ways of thinking.

identity

The CFO of the organization creates a short video that is emailed to employees. The video details the company's earnings for the last quarter.

informational

A manager of a local restaurant attends local chamber of commerce meetings.

interpersonal

Emerging shortly after World War II, ________________ uses sophisticated mathematical modeling tools to solve management problems, especially those involving operations.

management science

Informational

monitor, disseminator, spokesperson

The financial meltdown of 2008 was in part due to ___________, demonstrating the dangers of relying too heavily on the quantitative techniques of scientific management.

quants