Chapter 09. Participation, Campaigns, and Elections

Match each feature to the committee it describes: 527 committees (Super PACs), 501(c)(4) committees, or both.

501(c)(4)Press Space to open Correct label:cannot spend more than half its revenue for political purposes bothPress Space to opencan raise and spend unlimited amounts of moneycannot coordinate with a campaign or candidate Correct label:can raise and spend unlimited amounts of money Correct label:cannot coordinate with a campaign or candidate 527 committee/Super PACPress Space to openare required to dislose donors Correct label:are required to dislose donors

Why might digital media be more effective than television ads?

Correct Answer(s) It may be more effective with viewers because internet users seek out information. It offers more possibilities for free advertisement. It is cheaper. Incorrect Answer(s) The online audience is more susceptible to persuasive messages.

How do 527s and 501(c)(4)s differ from more traditional campaign finance groups such as political action committees?

Correct Answer(s) These groups are not subject to the spending limits of the Bipartisan Campaign Finance Reform Act. These groups cannot coordinate directly with campaigns. Incorrect Answer(s) These groups do not have to disclose where they get their money. These groups have been ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.

Which of the following characterizations of turnout trends are correct?

Correct Answer(s) Turnout dropped during the 1960s and 1970s. More people vote in presidential elections than in midterm elections. Turnout rates from 2012 on were generally similar to presidential turnout rates in the 1920s. Incorrect Answer(s) Turnout dropped during the 1940s and 1950s. More people vote in midterm elections than in presidential elections. Turnout rates from 2012 on were generally similar to presidential turnout rates in the 1890s. Turnout for midterm elections and presidential elections is about the same.

Drew is voting in a congressional election for the first time. He has decided to support Clyde, a former youth minister, over Cheryl who was recently implicated in a savings and loan scandal because he views Clyde as being more trustworthy. What factor that can influence voter decisions does is Drew considering?

Correct Answer(s) candidate characteristics Incorrect Answer(s) religiosity policy preferences partisan loyalty

When is party identification most likely to influence a person's vote choice?

Correct Answer(s) when that person knows little about the candidates when that person is unfamiliar with the issues when that person is voting on state legislative candidates Incorrect Answer(s) when that person is voting on presidential candidates

Which statement about campaign fundraising in 2016 is most accurate?

Hilary made more than Trump

Negative campaign ads are more likely to address policy positions, whereas positive campaign ads tend to focus on personal characteristics.

Negative campaign ads are more likely to address policy positions, whereas positive campaign ads tend to focus on personal characteristics.

Studies find that political participation varies by age. Although younger voters typically participate at much lower rates than older voters, the picture is much more complex when analyzing other forms of political participation. Younger individuals are less likely to contribute money to a campaign. Younger individuals (ages 18-29) are more likely to attend a political rally or event compared to older individuals. Those between the ages of 30 and 49 are only slightly more likely than those between the ages of 18 and 29 to contribute money to a campaign. However, across all age groups, individuals are the least likely to work or volunteer for a campaign compared to the other forms of participation.

Studies find that political participation varies by age. Although younger voters typically participate at much lower rates than older voters, the picture is much more complex when analyzing other forms of political participation. Younger individuals are less likely to contribute money to a campaign. Younger individuals (ages 18-29) are more likely to attend a political rally or event compared to older individuals. Those between the ages of 30 and 49 are only slightly more likely than those between the ages of 18 and 29 to contribute money to a campaign. However, across all age groups, individuals are the least likely to work or volunteer for a campaign compared to the other forms of participation.

PrimaryDelegatesParty Platform

The __________ or caucus votes determine the allocation of __________ at the party's convention. In addition to selecting the party's nominee, delegates also vote on the __________ at the convention.

Identify the correct and incorrect statements about the 2020 presidential election.

There was a sizable gender gap among voters. Ideological moderates and independents supported Joe Biden over Donald Trump

Correct Answer(s) hold primary elections Incorrect Answer(s) party leaders pick who they want to represent the party use voter mobilization drives to inform voters send out emails and memos to party voters

To prevent having multiple candidates from the same party confusing voters in a general election, political parties take which of the following actions?

Which of the following statements about the role of partisanship in elections are true? Correct Answer(s) Partisan loyalty has a large impact on voters' evaluations of candidates and their vote choice. Party loyalties are fairly stable but can change over time. Incorrect Answer(s) Partisan affiliation plays a much stronger role in presidential elections compared to state legislative races. Party affiliation is only weakly related to voters' candidate choice in presidential elections.

Which of the following statements about the role of partisanship in elections are true? Correct Answer(s) Partisan loyalty has a large impact on voters' evaluations of candidates and their vote choice. Party loyalties are fairly stable but can change over time. Incorrect Answer(s) Partisan affiliation plays a much stronger role in presidential elections compared to state legislative races. Party affiliation is only weakly related to voters' candidate choice in presidential elections.

Which of the following statements about political action committees (PACs) are accurate?

accurate? PACs are private groups that raise and distribute funds for use in election campaigns.PACs are allowed to make larger contributions than an individual can make to a campaign.

When is the "general election" period?

after the party nominations have been concluded

Who is eligible to vote under these systems?

closed primary-only party members

The trend in campaign finance law over time has been toward which of the following?

fewer restrictions on campaign donors

Match the U.S. Supreme Court case to the effect it had on campaign spending.

government could not restrict independent expenditures by corporations or unionsCitizens United v. FEC (2010) Correct label:Citizens United v. FEC (2010) introduced idea that campaign contributions count as speechBuckley v. Valeo (1974) Correct label:Buckley v. Valeo (1974) gave rise to SuperPACsCitizens United v. FEC (2010) Correct label:Citizens United v. FEC (2010)

Which term describes developing campaign ads for specific demographic groups?

microtargeting

Match the type of campaign with the campaign characteristics that describe it.

organizational & local campaign = grassroot money & statewide= mass

Which group was the primary election system introduced to weaken?

party leaders

Match the frequency of the election cycle to the corresponding election type.

presidential elections-four years midterm elections-two years congressional elections- two years

Winners of ___ elections go on to face each other in the ___ election.

primary & general

Identify the forms of political participation as traditional or digital.

traditional political participation voting in an election attending a campaign event participating in a protest digital political participation writing a blog post

The 2020 presidential election had record turnout with over 159 million voters.

true

Unlike PACs, 527 organizations are not subjected to contribution limits and spending caps.

true

Put these groups in the order in which they gained the right to vote from earliest to most recent.

✓ White men with property Black men women people aged 18-20