Chapter 1-3

Research that is based on numerical data is known as ___________ research. A. Retrospective B. Qualitative C. Quantitative D. Prospective

C. Quantitative

Providing information to an entity that stores it in some sort of record book. In the context of EMS, records of your education, state or local licensure, and recertification are held by a recognized board. A. Accredited B. Qualification C. Registration D. Certification

C. Registration

A return to more childish behavior while under stress. A. Projection B. Displacement C. Regression D. Denial

C. Regression

You respond to a 10-year-old boy who has been hit by a car. He is alert, but with a deformity to his lower left leg. The boy "baby talks" as he is answering your questions. This is a form of: A. Denial B. Projection C. Regression D. Displacement

C. Regression

In a(n) ____________________ program, ambulance services provide professional wellness assistance to their employees. A. Employee Assistance B. Ambulance Wellness Services C. EMS Assistance D. Professional Wellness

A. Employee Assistance

Where was the concept of physician-operated mobile intensive care developed? A. Europe B. Australia C. United States D. Asia

A. Europe

Who is considered the father of paramedicine? A. Dr. David Boyd B. Dr. Eugene Nagel C. Dr. Jean Larrey D. Dr. Peter Safar

B. Dr. Eugene Nagel

The level of certification required prior to entering your paramedic training is: A. Emergency Medical Responder B. Emergency Medical Technician C. Advanced Emergency Medical Technician D. No Certification is Required

B. Emergency Medical Technician

"Accidental Death and Disability" noted that EMS could provide two services to the community: A. Emergency calls and transportation to doctor appointments. B. Emergency calls and injury prevention training. C. Emergency calls and other patient transportation. D. Emergency calls and community wellness checks.

B. Emergency calls and injury prevention training.

The use of practices that have been proven to be effective in improving patient outcomes. A. Hypothetical-Based Practice B. Evidence-Based Practice C. Medical-Evaluated Research D. Retrospective Research

B. Evidence-Based Practice

A data collection method in which information is collected at various set time intervals, and not just at one time. A.Cross-Sectional Design B. Longitudinal Design C. Literature Review D. Systematic Sampling

B. Longitudinal Design

A condition in which calls preoccupy providers for weeks or even months is known as what? A. Delayed Stress Reaction B. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder C. Overwhelming Stress Response D. Abnormal Stress Accumulation

B. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

After being told she might be suffering from a heart attack, an elderly woman hits the paramedic in anger and tells the paramedic he doesn't know what he is talking about. Which defense mechanism relates to this statement? A. Displacement B. Projection C. Alarm Reaction D. Denial

A. Displacement

The role of EMD in emergency medical services is: A. Emergency Medical Dispatch B. Emergency Medical Doctor C. Early Medical Direction D. Emergent Medical Detainment

A. Emergency Medical Dispatch

In what year did the National Academy of Science and the National Research Council release the white paper entitled "Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society?" A. 1965 B. 1967 C. 1968 D. 1969

A. 1965

The grieving process involves denial, anger, __________, depression, and acceptance. A. Bargaining B. Compensating C. Remorse D. Infatuation

A. Bargaining

The exhaustion of physical and emotional strength associated with the nature of the paramedic's job is known as what? A. Burnout B. Fatigue C. Tiredness D. Normal

A. Burnout

Any disease that can be spread from person to person or from animal to person. A. Communicable Disease B. Airborne Transmission C. Direct Contact D. Infectious Disease

A. Communicable Disease

An event that overwhelms the ability to cope with the experience, either at the scene or later. A. Critical Incident B. Moderate Incident C. Major Incident D. Normal Incident

A. Critical Incident

A process that confronts responses to critical incidents and diffuses them. A. Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) B. Progressive Relaxation C. Professional Assistance D. Stimulant Avoidance

A. Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM)

The EMT paramedic national standards are regulated by the: A. DOT B. NHTSA C. State Government D. Department of Homeland Security

A. DOT

The ability to concentrate and operate during an event but being nervous or excited afterwards is known as what? A. Delayed Stress Reaction B. Acute Stress Reaction C. Cumulative Stress Reaction D. Overall Stress Reaction

A. Delayed Stress Reaction

A research format in which an observation of an event is made, but without attempts to alter or change it. A. Descriptive B. Inferential C. Unblinded Study D. Blinding

A. Descriptive

What instructions or guidance would an emergency medical dispatcher MOST likely provide to a caller? A. How to control bleeding and perform CPR. B. How to administer prescribed antihypertensives. C. How to obtain a blood pressure by palpation. D. How to properly use a bag-mask device.

A. How to control bleeding and perform CPR.

The process whereby a state allows qualified people to perform a regulated act. A. Licensure B. Certification C. Accredited D. Qualification

A. Licensure

What was established after the publication of the "White Paper"? A. National Highway Safety Act B. The first EMT textbook C. Miami Fire paramedic program D. Controlled Substance Act

A. National Highway Safety Act

Which of the following could be considered a means for indirect transmission? A. Needlestick B. Vomiting blood C. Blood to eye D. Urine to skin

A. Needlestick

Some health care professionals are reluctant to discuss death with patients because: A. Of their own anxiety about the subject. B. They are not adequately trained to do so. C. They do not want to offend the patient. D. This often causes the patient great stress.

A. Of their own anxiety about the subject.

Medical direction given through a set of protocols, policies, and/or standards. A. Off-Line Medical Control B. Online Medical Control C. Medical Guidance D. Approval

A. Off-Line Medical Control

Medical direction given in real time to an EMS service or provider. A. Online Medical Control B. Medical Assistance C. Off-Line Medical Control D. Medical Directional Guidance

A. Online Medical Control

Which of the following pieces of equipment should be sanitized regularly? A. Pen B. ECG Monitor C. Oxygen Regulator D. ALS Bag

A. Pen

Blaming unacceptable feelings, motives, or desires on others. A. Projection B. Displacement C. Regression D. Denial

A. Projection

Which of the following is necessary when returning to service? A. Restock your unit B. Complete all documentation C. Notify the hospital D. Assess the situation

A. Restock your unit

A computer-generated list of subjects or groups for research. A. Systematic Sampling B. Sampling Error C. Convenience Sampling D. Alternative Time Sampling

A. Systematic Sampling

Off-line medical control allows for the development of all of the following EXCEPT: A. Telemetry Transmission B. Standing Orders C. Protocols D. Procedures and Training

A. Telemetry Transmission

What should be done between each patient contact? A. Wash Hands B. Change Gown C. Dispose of Mask D. Remove Respirator

A. Wash Hands

The method of not giving the specifics of a project to the people participating in a research or study. A. Convenience Sampling B. Sampling Errors C. Blinding D. Unblinded Study

C. Blinding

A type of research in which subjects are manually assigned to a specific person or crew, rather than being randomly assigned: the least preferred component of research. A. Systematic Sampling B. Convenience Sampling C. Alternative Time Sampling D. Sampling Error

B. Convenience Sampling

A reaction in which a person subconsciously transforms their anxiety into a bodily dysfunction; the person may be unable to see or hear or may become partially paralyzed. A. Regression B. Conversion Hysteria C. Blind Panic D. Projection

B. Conversion Hysteria

A data collection method in which all data at one point in time is collected, essentially serving as a snapshot of events and information. A. Literature Review B. Cross-Sectional Design C. Longitudinal Design D. Unblinded Study

B. Cross-Sectional Design

Each year about _______ preschool and elementary children suffer injuries while playing on the playground. A. 100,000 B. 200,000 C. 300,000 D. 400,000

B. 200,000

An infectious disease is ______________________. A. A disease that can only be spread from person to person. B. A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body. C. The same thing as a contagious disease. D. Only spread by airborne transmission.

B. A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body.

Reaction to stress that occurs during a stressful situation. A. Delayed Stress Reaction B. Acute Stress Reaction C. Cumulative Stress Reaction D. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

B. Acute Stress Reaction

Time parameters that are set during a research project. A. Blinding B. Alternative Time Sampling C. Sampling D. Sampling Errors

B. Alternative Time Sampling

The main goal of any CQI program is to: A. Promptly correct any problems once they are identified. B. Assess for ongoing improvement before a problem arises. C. Identify and remove paramedics who are not competent. D. Revamp protocols based on the current standards of care.

B. Assess for ongoing improvement before a problem arises.

The patient documentation is the responsibility of the: A. Officer on Scene B. Attendant in Charge C. EMT D. Paramedic

B. Attendant in Charge

A type of research in which a single case is investigated and documented over a period of time. A. Experimental Research B. Case Study C. Retrospective Research D. Literature Review

B. Case Study

The first step in developing a prevention program is: A. Defining the Injury Problem. B. Conducting a Community Assessment. C. Setting Goals and Objectives. D. Implementing and evaluating.

B. Conducting a Community Assessment.

To which of the following scenes should law enforcement be requested to respond with EMS? A. Labor and Delivery B. Shooting C. Unresponsive Patient D. All-Terrain Vehicle Accident

B. Shooting

It is important to become involved in a national or state EMS organization, such as the National Association of EMTs (NAEMT) or the National Association of State EMS Directors (NASEMSD), because: A. Membership in a professional organization is a tax-deductible expense. B. Such organizations have an impact on the future direction of EMS. C. These organizations offer continuing education for all EMS providers. D. Such organizations promote unique EMS training standards for each state.

B. Such organizations have an impact on the future direction of EMS.

The collaboration of prehospital and in-hospital medicine that focuses on optimizing the use of resources and assets of each with a primary goal of reducing the mortality and morbidity of trauma patients. A. EMS System B. Trauma System C. Pre-Hospital System D. Post Hospital System

B. Trauma System

The N95 respirator should be worn to reduce the risk of contracting what disease? A. Staphylococcus Infection B. Tuberculosis C. Hepatitis D. Pneumonia

B. Tuberculosis

A used laryngoscope blade should be cleaned with: A. Commercial Disinfectant B. Bleach 1:10 Solution C. Both A and B D. Nothing since it will be disposed of

C. Both A and B

The first EMT textbook, Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured, was published in 1971 by the: A. American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP). B. National Association of EMS Educators (NAEMSE). C. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS). D. American Association of Critical Care Nurses (AACN).

C. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS).

Reciprocity allows a paramedic to: A. Work in any state in case of a state of emergency. B. Obtain a temporary certification with the NREMT. C. Become certified by another state or agency. D. Recycle expired certifications or licenses.

C. Become certified by another state or agency.

A fear reaction in which a persons judgement seems to disappear entirely; it is particularly dangerous because it may precipitate mass panic among others. A. Conversion Hysteria B. Anxiety C. Blind Panic D. Anger

C. Blind Panic

A process in which a person, institution, or a program is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain predetermined standards to provide safe and ethical care. A. Accredited B. Registered C. Certification D. Licensure

C. Certification

Prolonged or excessive stress. A. Delayed Stress Reaction B. Acute Stress Reaction C. Cumulative Stress Reaction D. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

C. Cumulative Stress Reaction

Which of the following is not considered a normal response to an injury or illness? A. Fear B. Anger C. Dismissiveness D. Depression

C. Dismissiveness

The entity that typically coordinates the entire rescue effort is: A. The Fire Department. B. Law Enforcement. C. Dispatch. D. EMS.

C. Dispatch

Redirection of an emotion from yourself to another person. A. Regression B. Denial C. Displacement D. Projection

C. Displacement

Negative or injurious stress is also called: A. Redirected Stress. B. Projected Stress. C. Distress. D. Eustress.

C. Distress.

A health care system designed to bring immediate on-scene care to those in need along with transport to a definitive medical care facility. A. Emergency Room System B. Post Hospital System C. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) D. Trauma System

C. Emergency Medical Services (EMS)

Which of the following is NOT a critical point addressed by the "White Paper" written in 1966 that was entitled "Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society"? A. Participating in community-based prevention efforts. B. Allocating adequate resources for medical direction. C. Ensuring that paramedics responded to every call. D. Developing and pursuing a national EMS research agenda.

C. Ensuring that paramedics responded to every call.

The patient care report should be filled out: A. Before the end of your shift B. During the call C. Immediately after the call D. Within 3 hours after the call

C. Immediately after the call

A CQI program should primarily focus on: A. Identifying incompetent medics. B. Modifying protocols as needed. C. Improving patient care delivery. D. Reviewing all patient care reports.

C. Improving patient care delivery.

A group or institution that follows a set of requirements for review that were devised by the US Public Health Service. A. National Highway Traffic and Safety Association (NHTSA) B. National Registry of Emergency of Emergency Medical Technicians (NREMT) C. Institutional Review Board (IRB) D. Department of Transportation (DOT)

C. Institutional Review Board (IRB)

A form of research in which the existing literature is reviewed, and the research analyzes the collection of research to draw a conclusion. A. Cohort Research B. Prospective Research C. Literature Review D. Literature Withdraw

C. Literature Review

Which of the following American customs should the EMS provider recognize as a potential multicultural misunderstanding? A. Calling an Ambulance B. Going to a Hospital C. Making Eye Contact D. Respecting a Uniform

C. Making Eye Contact

What type of person is particularly vulnerable to anxiety when he or she experiences an illness or injury? A. One who can evaluate the competence level of the paramedic taking care of him or her. B. One who takes medications for conditions such as high blood pressure and hyperactivity. C. One whose self-esteem depends on being active, independent, and aggressive. D. One who understands that his or her situation is hopeless but who is easily able to accept it.

C. One whose self-esteem depends on being active, independent, and aggressive.

When responding to an emergency scene, it is MOST important to: A. Use your siren to move heavy traffic out of the way. B. Moderately exceed the speed limit when possible. C. Proceed in a manner that is timely and safe. D. Stay at least 10¢ behind any cars in front of you.

C. Proceed in a manner that is timely and safe.

Who has the authority to issue a license? A. National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians B. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration C. State EMS governmental body D. Local Department of Health

C. State EMS governmental body

The systematic collection of data essential to the evaluation of public health practice is known as: A. Analyzing B. Extrapolation C. Surveillance D. Research

C. Surveillance

Which of the following does not require disposal into a sharps container? A. IV needles B. Lancets C. Syringes D. Scalpels

C. Syringes

Studies have shown that _________calls demand the use of lights and sirens. A. Almost All B. Zero C. Very Few D. Very Many

C. Very Few

In order to provide the best possible patient care, the paramedic must: A. Project a sympathetic demeanor toward all patients. B. Disregard negative judgments made by the patient. C. Appear competent, even if he or she feels incompetent. D. Establish and maintain credibility and instill confidence.

D. Establish and maintain credibility and instill confidence.

Paramedics can function as a valuable resource to the community by helping to provide: A. Injury Prevention B. Safety Classes C. Public Awareness D. All of the Above

D. All of the Above

Stress can manifest in which of the following ways? A. Physical B. Mental C. Emotional D. All of the Above

D. All of the Above

The role of an EMS medical director includes: A. Developing Clinical Protocols. B. Providing input into Patient Care. C. Participating in Equipment Selection. D. All of the Above

D. All of the Above

By definition, retrospective research is: A. Research that is observation only B. When a clinical trial is being performed C. Based on a clearly defined problem D. Based on currently available data

D. Based on currently available data

You respond to a multiple-casualty incident (MCI) involving a collision of a charter bus of senior citizens and a car with four teenagers. At the scene, you find one teen with no obvious injuries. You have to tell him numerous times to sit on the side of the road and stay away from the moving traffic. His judgement seems impaired and he may be suffering from: A. Conversion Hysteria B. Projection C. Depression D. Blind Panic

D. Blind Panic

You and your partner are caring for an 82-year-old man who is obviously confused at the situation. It is MOST important for you to: A. Ask a family member to apprise the patient of the current situation. B. Limit your dialogue with the patient to avoid agitating him. C. Sympathize with the man and tell him that everything will be all right. D. Carefully explain what you are doing and frequently talk to the patient.

D. Carefully explain what you are doing and frequently talk to the patient.

A type of research that examines patterns of change, a sequence of events, or trends over time within a certain population of study subjects. A. Survey Research B. Case Study C. Prospective Research D. Cohort Research

D. Cohort Research

A system of internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system. A. Research Developmental Improvement (RDI) B. Quality Control Improvement (QCI) C. Career Work Improvement (CWI) D. Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)

D. Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)

Psychological ways to relieve stress; they are usually automatic or subconscious. Includes denial, regression, projection, and displacement. A. Depression B. Denial C. Grieving Stage Process D. Defense Mechanisms

D. Defense Mechanisms

A physiologic response to a profound stressor that helps a person deal with the situation at hand; features increased sympathetic tone and results in dilation of the pupils, increased heart rate, dilation of the bronchi, mobilization of glucose, shunting the blood away from the gastrointestinal tract and cerebrum, and increased blood flow to the skeletal muscles. A. Pumping Syndrome B. Shunting Syndrome C. Aggressive Syndrome D. Fight-or-Flight Syndrome

D. Fight-or-Flight Syndrome

Which of the following is NOT a component of well-being that is essential for a healthy life? A. Physical. B. Emotional. C. Mental. D. Financial.

D. Financial.

The MOST common of all hereditary risk factors are: A. Hypertension and Stroke. B. Cancer and Mental Illness. C. Stroke and Alzheimer's Disease. D. Heart Disease and Cancer.

D. Heart Disease and Cancer.

A major recommendation made by the 2009 EMS Education Standards for paramedic training was the: A. Removal of endotracheal intubation from the minimum core content of the training program. B. Prerequisite that all paramedic students possess a minimum of an associate's degree. C. Addition of 750 hours of clinical and field training above and beyond classroom education. D. Inclusion of a college-level anatomy and physiology course as part of the training program.

D. Inclusion of a college-level anatomy and physiology course as part of the training program.

A research format that uses a hypothesis to prove one finding from another. A. Blinding B. Descriptive C. Differential D. Inferential

D. Inferential

Direction given to an EMS service or provider by a physician. A. Scope of Practice B. National Registry of EMS Approval C. Protocol Handbook D. Medical Direction

D. Medical Direction

An early title given to an ambulance-style unit. A. Pre-Hospital Carriage B. MASH Unit C. Ambulatory Carriage D. Mobile Intensive Care Unit

D. Mobile Intensive Care Unit

Mode can best be defined as the: A. Sum of a Formula B. Average Number C. Number in the Middle D. Most Common Number

D. Most Common Number

You arrive at a convenience store to find a middle-aged male in cardiac arrest. Your protocols provide for standing orders in this type of scenario. This means that you should: A. Begin CPR and then contact medical control for further direction. B. Contact medical control before providing advanced-level care. C. Pronounce the patient dead if there is no response after 10 minutes. D. Perform certain interventions prior to contacting medical control.

D. Perform certain interventions prior to contacting medical control.

A type of research that gathers information as events occur in real time. A. Survey Research B. Research Agenda C. Qualitative D. Prospective Research

D. Prospective Research

Which of the following is not a standard immunization recommended for EMS providers? A. Influenza B. Hepatitis B C. MMR D. Rabies

D. Rabies

You are on your first "code." As you arrive on scene, you feel stressed. Which of the following management techniques would NOT help you during this call? A. Reframing B. Controlled Breathing C. Progressive Relaxation D. Regression

D. Regression

When lifting, the paramedic should spread his or her legs_____________ apart. A. No more than 6″. B. Between 6″ and 12″. C. At least 20″. D. Shoulder-Width.

D. Shoulder-Width.

You have loaded a cardiac arrest patient onto the stretcher and are preparing to lift the stretcher. When doing so, you should: A. Remember to lift with your back, not your legs. B. Recall that the foot end of the stretcher is the heaviest. C. Keep your back in a slightly curved position. D. Take unnecessary equipment off the stretcher.

D. Take unnecessary equipment off the stretcher.

What is not necessary for a provider to do if an infectious exposure occurs? A. Follow the infection control plan B. Get a medical evaluation C. Obtain immunization boosters D. Tell his or her partner about the incident

D. Tell his or her partner about the incident