Chapter 1-3 review

Term for west African spirits

Bori

In Wovokas teachings and visions

Both the creator told him that the ancestors would rise up and if enough people believed and dance, human misery and death would end

The American Indian religious freedom act

A US law aimed at guaranteeing freedom of religious practice for Native Americans

The 1819 civilization fund act

Aim to educate native children in an effort to civilize them and lead to the development of many boarding schools

What happened at wounded knee

American troops massacred hundreds of people who had gathered for the ghost dance

High god of the Dogan people

Amma

Term for the center of the world where the earth and the heavens connect

Axis mundi

New world religion with the roots in west Africa, which is prominent in Brazil

Candomble

The world religion that most emphasizes doctrines is

Christianity

Among the many examples of a place of special significance established by a hierophany is

Christianity's church of the nativity, Islam sacred city of Mecca, and Buddhism's bodh gaya , sight of Gautamas foundational experience of enlightenment

Dogan right of passage marking the transition to adulthood into the afterlife

Dama

Rudolph Ottos the idea of the holy

Describes the encounter with the holy as numinous

Attempt to learn about events that will happen in the future through supernatural means

Divination

Religious scholar Ninian smarts dimensional scheme divides the various aspects of religious tradition into seven dimensions, which include

Doctrinal and ritual

Sacred structure of pueblo peoples

Hogan

Ancestors of the Navajo people, described mythic narratives

Holy people

Religion functions in an unhealthy manner as an opiate that deters the suffering individual from attending to the true cause of affliction, according to

Karl Marx

Myths may contain lessons concerning

Life and death, how to farm, and how to behave appropriately

Mount Shasta is a sacred place to

Many Native American communities in northern California

According to the popol vuh, the creators were not able to successfully craft human beings until they

Mix corn meal with water

The belief that all reality is ultimately one

Monism

Believe in only one God

Monotheism

Young man in Samburu or Maasai culture who has been circumcised and death has special cultural and religious duties

Moran

A story or narrative, originally conveyed orally, that sets forth the basic truths of a religious tradition

Myth

Sand painting has been used as a healing right by

Navajo peoples

a religion that maintains believe in God or Gods

Theistic

Why do some native Americans criticize the interest of non-native people in indigenous religions

They take practices out of cultural and historical context and there is sometimes conflict over the use of sacred places

Typical conical structure of the tribes of the great plains which is often constructed with a sacred blueprint

Tipi

Category for whatever is perceived as being beyond the normal or mundane sphere of things, whether understood as external or as within the individual or world

Transcendence

The category sometimes integral to definitions of religion that suggest a supra ordinary realm or experience is

Transcendence

Figure in North American mythologies, these tales often teach important wall lessons

Trickster

where do we find influences of african religion in the americas

US, brazil, cuba

Freud was an atheist whose psychological theory held religion to be

Undesirable, arising from the Oedipus complex, and a neurosis

Shift of population centers from rural, agricultural settings to cities

Urbanization

Native American religions are

Very diverse

New world religion with roots in west Africa, prominent in Haiti and the Haitian diaspora

Voodoo

Capacity for seeing things from another perspective, and an important methodological approach for studying religions

Empathy

Efforts to define religion that have continued to the present day were launch by the European enlightenment impulse towards categorically separating religion, coupled with

European exploration of distant lands and they're unfamiliar religions

Who was Wovoka

Founder of the second ghost dance

Religious resistant movements in 1870 and 1890 that originated in Nevada among Paiute peoples

Ghost dance

Linking and inter-mixing of cultures

Globalization

Belief that acknowledges a plurality of gods but elevates one of them to special status

Henotheism

Mabel McKay was well known for

Her skill and healing the sick and skill in basketry

which of the following is true about spirit possession

people communicate with spirits through the possessed person and women are more often likely to become possessed than men

who is oshun

an orisa in the yoruba religion

what is the best general definition of sacrifice in african context

dedication of something valuable to a spiritual being

Leader of the maji maji rebellion in tanganyika

kinjiketele

which of the following is not a way of communicating with the spirit world

reciting myths

Who was black elk

A famous Lakota religious leader

Myth is understood by the academic field of religious studies as

A powerful account of sacred truth

Renewal ritual of Yurok people

Jump dance

Some non-theistic religions assume the existence of divine beings while rejecting the notion that such beings can truly help humans find spiritual fulfillment, an example is

Buddhism

Pueblo spiritual beings

Kachina

Understanding of the nature of the world that typically explains its origin and how it is ordered

Cosmology

Divination system of the Yoruba religion, believed to be revealed to humanity by the gods

Ifa

This so-called golden rule set forth in the Christian New Testament

Is proclaimed in similar forms in the Scriptures of virtually all of the worlds major traditions

Which of the following is not typical of religious revelation

It is brought about through prayer on the part of a congregation of worshipers

the independent yoruba christian church known as the aladura church was founded by

Josiah Oshitelu

Aztec God and important cultural hero in Mexico

Quetzalcoatl

Lesser deities Yoruba in religion

Orisa

Yoruba goddess

Oshun

The Protestant theologian whose definition of religion connects it to a focus on mans spiritual life and refers to it as ultimate concern is

Paul Tillich

The expression of the divine will, commonly recorded in sacred texts

Revelation

Rituals that Mark the transition from one social stage to another

Rites of passage

Rituals that seek to enhance natural processes like rain or fertility, or enhance the solidarity of a group

Rites of renewal

The essential teachings of Native American religions are often found in

Sacred narratives or myths

This is not true of spiritual fulfillment

Spiritual fulfillment is always thought to be achievable in this lifetime

Ancient Greek and Roman pantheistic religious philosophy

Stoicism

Midsummer ritual common to many Native American religions, details very across cultures

Sundance

For the academic study of religion, as opposed to doing the religion or being religious,

Supernatural beings and events normally are held to be beyond its reach

Ninian smarts material dimension of religion involves

The place of artistic creations and natural entities in religious traditions

Which of the following is not true of the kinaalda

The right enacts important Lakota myths

When the Spanish conquistadors arrived in Mesoamerica

Written version of holy text were burned, Maya were forcibly converted to Roman Catholicism, and indigenous religion of the Mayan peoples was banned

Term for spirits in East Africa

Zar

what is ifa

a divination system among the yoruba

the yoruba religion

has a large and complex pantheon

african myths or sacred narratives are concerned primarily with

humanity and life in the present world

the beliefs and teachings of african religions are found primarily

in myths or sacred narratives

a person who has become possessed is known as a

medium

among the dinka, death is explained as the result of

the anger of the first woman, who was greedy

african religions originally spread to the america through

the atlantic slave trade

divination is

the attempt to predict the future through supernatural agents or powers

myths are not false; rather they are

the narratives we tell ourselves about our origins and ourselves

western scholars have traditionally used the term witchcraft to describe

the use of supernatural powers to cause misfortune