Chapter 1

In modern computer systems, a byte consists of

8 bits

Which of the following is not true?

An algorithm allows ambiguity.

When a program runs on a computer, the part of the computer that carries out the instructions is called the

CPU

Machine languages can be used to write programs that can run on any machine.

False

Which of these is not a programming language?

HTML

What best defines a "programming language"?

It allows us to express an algorithm.

When a program runs on a computer, it is stored in

Main Memory

When a program is not running, it is stored

On a disk

Replace the underlines with the words in parentheses that follow: The ____ solves the ____ of a ____ by expressing an ____ in a ____ to make a ____ that can run on a ____. ( algorithm, computer, problems, program, programmer, programming language, user ) NOTE: do not just put in the replacement words, put in the WHOLE sentence with the underlines replaced.

The programmer solves the problems of a user by expressing an algorithm in a programming language to make a program that can run on a computer.

There are no language rules regarding statements and line in general.

True

A bit is

a binary digit, like 0 or 1.

A byte in memory is identified by a unique number called its __.

address

An operating system

allocates resources like memory to programs that are running.

At each step of its operation, the input to a Central Processing Unit is

an instruction

An error in a program that involves a violation of language rules will be detected at __ time.

compile

Before a variable is used it must be

declared

Flash drives, CDs, external disks are all examples of ___ storage (memory) devices.

external

Mice, trackpads, keyboards, scanners, joysticks are all examples of

input devices

Application software

is any software that is runs with the support of the operating system.

A binary digit

is zero or one.

Words that have a special meaning in a programming language are called

key words

The purpose of testing a program with different combinations of data is to expose run-time and

logic errors

Compilers translate the instructions written by the programmer into

object code

Monitors, printers, status lights are all examples of

output devices

The ability of a language to let a programmer develop a program on computer system that can be run on other systems is called

portability

Division by zero when the program is executing is an example of a

runtime error

The code that a programmer writes is called

source code

The rules that govern the correct order and usage of the elements of a language are called the __ of the language.

syntax

A compiler

translates source code into executable code

A location in memory used for storing data and given a name in a computer program is called a __ because the data in the location can be changed.

variable

RAM, random-access memory, is called that because

you can pick any two random locations and it will take the same time to access the data.