Chapter 1 & 2: A Popular Approach to World Music/Review of Music Fundamentals

Melody

-a succession of pitches forming a musical idea

What is popular music?

- A WELL-LIKED modern music (in contrast to folk or classical music) that is used primarily for entertainment and disseminated through music industry media outlets, such as a recording or concert peformance. - Often rooted in or inspired by classical or folk music from its respective culture.

Harmony

-A blending of three or more different pitches -notes that support the Melody

Beat

-A regular pulsation implied or articulated in a music performance -the steady pulse

Louis Armstrong

-Among the greatest jazz icons was trumpet virtuoso, ___ ___, born in New Orleans, Louisiana. -Was awarded a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and was featured on a commemorative U.S. postage stamp in 1995 as one of the legends of jazz. -One of his famous recordings, "West End Blues," exemplifies the fundamental concepts of timbre, improvisation, and ornamentation.

Chanson

-Category of popular song common to France. -Typically a solo vocal performance with or without instrumental accompaniment. -Usually sung in French and frequently performed in cabarets -Lyrics of romance and the challenges of daily life.

What is folk music?

-Common or ordinary cultural music. -Usually learned through an informal process and, by comparison, has a relatively quick learning curve.

What is classical music?

-Formal cultural music. -Usually requires formal training and a lengthy period of practice (years), before a musician is considered competent.

Meter

-Grouping of a specific number of beat; the grouping of pulses. -Each grouping is referred to as a Measure (or Bar)

Who is Fred Astaire?

-Legendary motion picture ballroom dance icon (1899-1987) who portrayed dance celebrity, Vernon Castle, in the film The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle, along with costar, Ginger Rogers. -These two performed more than 30 dances in these films and musicals and became international stars and further enhanced interest in ballroom dance among all social classes.

Who is Elvis Presley?

-One of America's most prominent cultural icons; Dubbed "The King of Rock and Roll" -He was a primary catalyst for introducing R&B music to mainstream American popular culture.

Improvisation

-Spontaneous musical performance; the process of inventing a new melody or lead line on the spot -Usually inspired by the main melody & accompanying harmony

Timbre

-The quality of a sound that helps you to identify a specific instrument or voice. -Nonspecific terms are often used to describe timbre. -Ex. Trumpets have a "Brassy" tone, Trombones have a "Deep & Brassy" tone

Tempo

-The speed of the beat in a music performance -The relative rate of speed between beats

Form

-The underlying structure of a musical performance over time -the structure of the overall selection (e.g. Verse/Refrain)

Ornamentation

An embellishment of a melody or musical sound; additions to the melody

The term TRADITIONAL is used to encompass both ___ and ___ music, at least when discussing world music genres.

Classical and folk

What are the differences between classical, folk, and popular music?

Classical is formal, folk is common/ordinary, popular is usually rooted or inspired by classical or folk but is well-liked.

What do ethnomusicologists do?

Focus on world music and its cultural associations. Have long held an interest in popular music studies, focusing primarily on non-Euro-American traditions.

What album by American artist Paul Simon marked a turning point in the popular world music industry? -The album featured music from the Republic of South Africa and was a major impetus (major force that makes something happen) for motivating record company executives and music industry leaders to agree upon a single moniker (name), "WORLD MUSIC," to promote their growing catalogs of international popular artists.

Graceland

Duple Meter

Groupings of 2 or 4 beats per measure have a ___ ___ (divisible by 2)

Triple Meter

Groupings of 3 beats per measure have a ___ ___ (divisible by 3)

Who is Ginger Rogers?

Legendary motion picture ballroom dance icon (1911-1995) who portrayed dance celebrity, Irene Castle, in the film The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle, along with costar, Fred Astaire. -These two performed more than 30 dances in these films and musicals and became international stars and further enhanced interest in ballroom dance among all social classes.

Who was the founder of Smithsonian Folkways recordings?

Moses Asch

Which American city is considered the "heart" of Jazz music?

New Orleans

Who was Alan Lomax?

One of the key figures in the preservation of ethnic music recordings. Spent his life making hundreds of recordings for the Library of

Syllabic

One pitch per syllable

Which modern American music is influenced by the "toasting" tradition from Jamaica?

Rap

Which industry can be considered the first recorded offerings of "traditional world music"?

The Race Record industry

Text Setting

The number of pitches per syllable of sung text

Rhythm

The organization of the duration of musical sounds

Who invented the first practical audio recording device (i.e., cylinder recordings?

Thomas Edison

Who is Edith Piaf?

Widely regarded as France's greatest popular singer. Most important/popular chanson singers of the 20th century (1915-1963). -Known as "The Little Sparrow." -La Vie en Rose (A Life in Pink), 2007, biographical musical film was made about her.

Melismatic

more than one pitch (notes) per syllable