Chapter 1 and 2 Test

The hierarchical data model was developed in the ___. 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s

1970s

The relational data model was developed in the ____. 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s

1970s

The object-oriented data model was developed in the ___. 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s

1980s

A(n) ____ might be written by a programmer or it might be created through a DBMS utility program. Query Operating system Database management system Application

Application

A(n) ___ is the equivalent of a field in a file system. Attribute Entity Relationship Constraint

Attribute

From a database point of view, the collection of date becomes meaningful only when it reflects properly defined ___.

Business rules

____ serve as the intermediary between the user and the database. DBMSs Metadata End-user data Programming languages

DBMSs

_____ serve as the intermediary between the user and the database.

DBMSs

A(n) ____ enables a database administrator to describe schema components Extensible markup language (XML) Data definition Language (DDL) Unified modeling language (UML) Query Language

Data definition Language (DDL)

A(n) ___ enables a database administrator to describe schema components

Data definition language (DDL)

_____ exists when different versions of the same data appear in different places.

Data inconsistency

___ is defined as the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions.

Data integrity

Which of the following refers to the situation where different versions of the same data are stored at different places because they weren't updated consistently?

Data redundancy

The term ___ refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management and use of data within a database environment. Structured data Transaction Management system Database system

Database System

A(n) ___ database is used by an organization and supports many users across many departments.

Enterprise

A verb associating two nouns in a business rule translates to a(n) ____ in the data model. Entity Attribute Relationship Constraint

Entity

The __ model uses the term connectivity to level the relationship types

Entity Relationship

The ___ model was developed to allow designers to use a graphical tool to examine structures rather than describing them with text.

Entity relationship

The ___ model is the end users' view of the data environment. Abstract External Conceptual Internal

External

An advantage of database systems is that you needn't perform frequent updates and apply latest patches

False

An operational database is sometimes referred to as an enterprise database.

False

Data is the result of processing raw facts to reveal its meaning

False

Data is the result of processing raw facts to reveal its meaning.

False

Database programming languages receive all application requests and translate them into the complex operations required to fulfill those requests.

False

Field refers to a collection of related records.

False

One advantage of a database system over previous data management approaches is that the database system is considerably less complex.

False

One disadvantage of the DBMS is that it increases the risk of data security breaches.

False

The DBMS reveals much of the database's internal complexity to the application programs and users

False

The hierarchical model is software-independent

False

The relational model is hardware-dependent and software-independent

False

True or False. Business rules apply to businesses and government groups, but not to other types of organizations such as religious groups or research laboratories.

False

True or False. Data and information are essentially the same thing.

False

True or False. Database programming languages receive all application requests and translate them into the complex operations required to fulfill those requests.

False

True or False. In an SQL-based relational database, each table is dependent on every other table.

False

True or False. One advantage of a database system over previous data management approaches is that the database system is considerably less complex.

False

True or False. One disadvantage of the DBMS is that it increases the risk of data security breaches.

False

True or False. Structural dependence exists when it is possible to make changes in the file structure without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.

False

True or False. The external model is the representation of the database as "seen" by the DBMS.

False

When data are entered into a form and saved, they are placed in the underlying database as knowledge.

False

When data are entered into a form and saved, they are placed in the underlying knowledge.

False

A ___ is a collection of related records. Schema Field Column File

Field

A ____ is a character or group of characters that has a specific meaning. Database Field Record File

Field

VMS/VSAM is an example of the ___. Hierarchical model File system data model Relational data model XML data model

File system data model

In the ___ model, each parent can have many children, but each child has only one parent. Hierarchical Network Relational Entity relationship

Hierarchical

In the ___ model, the basic logical structure is represented as an upside-down tree. Hierarchical Network Relational Entity relationship

Hierarchical

_____ refers to a type of database that stores most of its data in RAM rather than in hard disks. Integrated databases Cloud databases Desktop databases In-memory databases

In-memory databases

The organization of data within folders in a manual file system is determined by ____. Its date of creation Its expected use The title of the documents in the folder The data processing specialist

Its expected use

____ is the body of information and facts about a specific subject.

Knowledge

____ provide a description of the data characteristics and the set of relationships that link the data found within the database.

Metadata

A workgroup database is a(n) ____ database.

Multiuser

In the ___ model, the user perceives the database as a collection of records in 1:M relationships, where each record can have more than one parent. Hierarchical Network Relational Entity relationship

Network

The ___ data model is said to be a semantic data model

Object-oriented

Data warehouse contains historical data obtained from the ____. Operational database Desktop database Enterprise database Workgroup database

Operational databases

___ relates to the activities that make the database execute transactions more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed. Performance tuning Database design Query access Database management

Performance Tuning

The response of the DBMS to a query is the ____. Ad hoc query Ad hoc response Query result set Integrated view of the data

Query result set

A ___ is a logically connected set of one or more fields that describes a person, place, or thing. Database Column Record File

Record

Most data that can be encountered are best classified as ____. Structured Semi-structured Unstructured Historical

Semi-structured

An XML database supports the storage and management of ___ XML data.

Semistructured

A desktop database is a ___ database. Single-user Multi-user Workgroup Distributed

Single-user

___ are the result of formatting disorganized data in order to facilitate storage, use and generation of information

Structured data

Data is said to be verifiable if:

The data always yields consistent results

Which of the following is true of spreadsheet applications? They provide enhanced security and robust data sharing features They do not allow manipulation of data once entered They are a better alternative to databases They enhance the user's ability to understand the data

They enhance the user's ability to understand the data.

Which of the following is true about business rules?

They provide a framework for the company's self-actualization

A data warehouse can store data derived from many sources

True

Business rules must be rendered in writing

True

Data constitute the building blocks of information.

True

Data processing can be as simple as organizing data to reveal patterns

True

Metadata describe the data characteristics and the set of relationships that links the data found within the database.

True

The network model has structural level dependence

True

True or False. Each row in the relational table is known as an entity instance or entity instance or entity occurrence in the ER model.

True

True or False. The same data might be simultaneously structured and unstructured depending on the intended processing.

True

_____ data exists in the format in which they were collected. Structured Semi-structured Unstructured Historical

Unstructured

A(n) ___ database supports a relatively small number of users (usually fewer than 50) or a specific department within an organization

Workgroup

The database structure in a DBMS is stored as a _____.

collection of files

A(n) ___ is a restriction placed on the data

constraint

_____ is the body of information and facts about a specific subject.

knowledge

A(n) ____'s main function is to help one understand the complexities of the real-world evironment

model

An internal __ refers to a specific representation of an internal model, using the database constructs supported by the chosen database.

schema

An XML database supports the storage and management of _____ XML data.

semistructured

Most data that can be encountered are best classified as _____.

semistructured

A desktop database is a _____ database.

single-user

Data is said to be verifiable if:

the data always yields consistent results.

Field refers to a collection of related records

true

M:N relationships are not appropriate in a relational model

true