Chapter 1
53) Information is processed data.
TRUE
91) All projects move from the planning-enterprise modeling step to the planning-conceptual data modeling step of the systems development life cycle.
FALSE
112) Each member of a workgroup accesses data located on a database server.
TRUE
114) Applications built with a multitier architecture are meant to support departments.
TRUE
115) Multitier client/server database applications contain a business logic layer.
TRUE
117) An enterprise resource planning system integrates all functions of the enterprise.
TRUE
118) A data warehouse contains summarized and historical information.
TRUE
120) An extranet uses Internet protocols to establish limited access to company data by the company's customers and suppliers.
TRUE
54) In practice, databases today may contain either data or information.
TRUE
55) Metadata are data that describe the properties of other data.
TRUE
57) File processing systems have been replaced by database systems in most critical business applications today.
TRUE
65) A person is an example of an entity.
TRUE
3) A database is an organized collection of ________ related data. A) logically B) physically C) loosely D) badly
A
22) Which of the following is NOT an advantage of database systems? A) Redundant data B) Program-data independence C) Better data quality D) Reduced program maintenance
A
25) In a file processing environment, descriptions for data and the logic for accessing the data are built into: A) application programs. B) database descriptors. C) fields. D) records.
A
44) ________ concentrate on determining the requirements for the database component of an information system. A) Database analysts B) Systems analysts C) Programmers D) All of the above
A
14) ________ are established between entities in a well-structured database so that the desired information can be retrieved. A) Entities B) Relationships C) Lines D) Ties
B
45) E. F. Codd developed the relational model in the: A) 1960s. B) 1970s. C) 1980s. D) 1990s.
B
47) The period that can be considered a "proof of concept" time was the: A) 1950s. B) 1960s. C) 1970s. D) 1990s.
B
48) A relatively small team of people who collaborate on the same project is called a(n): A) server group. B) workgroup. C) data collaborative. D) typical arrangement.
B
4) Which of the following types of data can be stored in a database? A) Voice B) Letters C) Numbers D) All of the above
D
6) Data that describe the properties of other data are: A) relationships. B) logical. C) physical. D) none of the above.
D
100) Visual programming tools such as Visual Basic have made prototyping more difficult.
FALSE
101) In 1998, ANSI/SPARC published an import document describing the three-schema architecture.
FALSE
102) The conceptual schema is always technology specific.
FALSE
105) The internal schema consists of the physical schema and the enterprise data model.
FALSE
106) Systems analysts work directly with both management and users to analyze the business situation and develop detailed project specifications.
FALSE
109) The relational data model is no longer popular in the 21st century.
FALSE
113) In two-tier database architectures, little functionality needs to be programmed into the client application.
FALSE
116) The scope of an enterprise application is one workgroup or department.
FALSE
119) An intranet utilizes Web-based technology to improve communication with parties outside of the organization.
FALSE
56) Databases were developed as the first application of computers to data processing.
FALSE
59) With the traditional file processing approach, each application shares data files, thus enabling much data sharing.
FALSE
103) The external schema contains a subset of the conceptual schema relevant to a particular group of users.
TRUE
104) A physical schema contains the specifications for how data from a conceptual schema are stored in a computer's secondary memory.
TRUE
107) Database architects establish standards for data in business units.
TRUE
108) E. F. Codd developed the relational data model during the 1970s.
TRUE
110) Although personal databases improve productivity, one risk is that data cannot be shared with other users.
TRUE
111) The most common way to support a group of individuals who work together on a project or group of similar projects is with a two-tier client/server database.
TRUE
52) Which of the following will interfere with access to operational databases? A) Unstructured and unpredictable use of data B) Predictable use of data C) Efficient transaction processing systems D) All of the above
A
9) Program-data dependence is caused by: A) file descriptors being stored in each application. B) data descriptions being stored on a server. C) data descriptions being written into programming code. D) data cohabiting with programs.
A
1) One application of data warehouses is: A) shipping of information. B) order processing. C) decision support. D) file updating.
C
15) Relational databases establish the relationships between entities by means of common fields included in a file called a(n): A) entity. B) relationship. C) relation. D) association.
C
17) A(n) ________ is often developed by identifying a form or report that a user needs on a regular basis. A) enterprise view B) reporting document C) user view D) user snapshot
C
19) A user view is: A) what a user sees when he or she looks out the window. B) a table or set of tables. C) a logical description of some portion of the database. D) a procedure stored on the server.
C
27) Which of the following is NOT a cost and/or risk of the database approach? A) Specialized personnel B) Cost of conversion C) Improved responsiveness D) Organizational conflict
C
30) Which of the following is software used to create, maintain, and provide controlled access to databases? A) Network operating system B) User view C) Database management system (DBMS) D) Attribute
C
31) A centralized knowledge base of all data definitions, data relationships, screen and report formats, and other system components is called a(n): A) index. B) data warehouse. C) repository. D) database management system.
C
36) The SDLC phase in which every data attribute is defined, every category of data is listed and every business relationship between data entities is defined is called the ________ phase. A) planning B) design C) analysis D) implementation
C
38) The SDLC phase in which the detailed conceptual data model is created is the ________ phase. A) planning B) design C) analysis D) implementation
C
40) An iterative methodology that rapidly repeats the analysis, design, and implementation phases of the SDLC is called: A) CASE. B) CAD. C) RAD. D) MST.
C
41) One of the most popular RAD methods is: A) automated design. B) structured walkthrough. C) prototyping. D) crafting.
C
43) ________ analyze the business situation and identify the need for information and information services to meet the problems or opportunities of the business. A) Programmers B) Users C) Systems analysts D) Database analysts
C
46) Which of the following is NOT an objective that drove the development and evolution of database technology? A) The need to provide greater independence between programs and data B) The desire to manage increasing complex data types and structures C) The desire to require programmers to write all file handling functionality D) The need to provide ever more powerful platforms for decision support applications
C
5) Data processed in a way that increases a user's knowledge is: A) text. B) graphics C) information. D) hyperlink.
C
50) Which of the following is an integrated decision support database with content derived from various operational databases? A) Corporate data structure B) Relational DBMS C) Data warehouse D) Client-server system
C
8) One disadvantage of file processing systems is: A) reduced data duplication. B) program-data independence. C) limited data sharing. D) enforcement of integrity constraints.
C
23) The most common source of database failures in organizations is: A) lack of planning. B) inadequate budget. C) inadequate hardware. D) failure to implement a strong database administration function.
D
26) Databases may be more expensive to maintain than files because of: A) the need for specialized personnel. B) the complexity of the database environment. C) backup and recovery needs. D) all of the above.
D
32) CASE is a class of tools that: A) assists the database administrator in maintaining a database. B) provides guidelines for the physical design of a database. C) provides management reporting tools. D) automates the design of databases and application programs.
D
34) Database development begins with ________, which establishes the range and general contents of organizational databases. A) database design B) cross-functional analysis C) departmental data modeling D) enterprise data modeling
D
37) The SDLC phase in which database processing programs are created is the ________ phase. A) planning B) design C) analysis D) implementation
D
93) The physical structure and storage organization of the database is decided upon during the implementation phase of the systems development life cycle.
FALSE
94) Database processing programs are coded and tested during the design stage of the systems development life cycle.
FALSE
97) Characteristics of the structure of the database are generally changed during the implementation phase of the database development process.
FALSE
58) Unplanned duplicate data files are the rule rather than the exception in file processing systems.
TRUE
60) Development starts from scratch with the traditional file processing approach because new file formats, descriptions, and file access logic must be designed for each new program.
TRUE
62) Many of the disadvantages of file processing systems can also be limitations of databases.
TRUE
63) A data model is a graphical system used to capture the nature and relationships among data.
TRUE
67) A relational database establishes the relationships between entities by means of a common field.
TRUE
68) Separation of metadata from application programs that use the data is called data independence.
TRUE
70) Redundancy increases the risk of inconsistent data.
TRUE
72) One reason for improved application development productivity with the database approach is that file design and low-level implementation details do not need to be handled by the application programmer.
TRUE
73) The data repository assists database administrators in enforcing standards.
TRUE
74) The failure to implement a strong database administrative function is the most common source of database failures in organizations.
TRUE
76) End users can often retrieve and display data easily with a relational database.
TRUE
78) Cost and complexity are just two of the disadvantages of database processing.
TRUE
80) A modern database management system automates more of the backup and recovery tasks than a file system.
TRUE
83) The user interface includes languages, menus, and other facilities by which users interact with various system components.
TRUE
88) The systems development life cycle is the traditional methodology used to develop, maintain, and replace information systems.
TRUE
90) Enterprise modeling sets the range and general contents of organizational databases.
TRUE
92) The repository is populated during the analysis phase of the systems development life cycle.
TRUE
95) Data from prior systems is converted to the new system during the implementation phase of the systems development life cycle.
TRUE
96) Database maintenance is typically the longest step of the database development process.
TRUE
98) Prototyping is a type of rapid application development.
TRUE
99) In prototyping, implementation and maintenance activities are repeated as necessary until the product is correct.
TRUE
87) Database development projects are never done in a bottom-up fashion.
FALSE
89) The steps of the systems development life cycle can only be viewed as a linear process.
FALSE
42) The three-schema approach includes which of the following schemas? A) Internal B) Logical C) Cross-functional D) Dissecting
A
79) The term legacy system refers to a newly installed database management system.
FALSE
81) Organizational commitment to a database project is not necessary for its success.
FALSE
39) Organizing the database in computer disk storage is done in the ________ phase. A) design B) maintenance C) analysis D) implementation
A
82) Repositories are always used in file processing systems.
FALSE
10) Because applications are often developed independently in file processing systems: A) the data is always non-redundant. B) unplanned duplicate data files are the rule rather than the exception. C) data can always be shared with others. D) there is a large volume of file I/O.
B
2) Older systems that often contain data of poor quality are called ________ systems. A) controlled B) legacy C) database D) mainframe
B
21) ________ is a tool even non-programmers can use to access information from a database. A) ODBC B) Structured query language C) ASP D) Data manipulation query language
B
24) A rule that CANNOT be violated by database users is called a: A) password. B) constraint. C) program. D) view.
B
28) The need for consensus on data definitions is an example of which type of risk in the database environment? A) Specialized personnel needs B) Organizational conflict C) Conversion costs D) Legacy systems
B
29) A knowledge base of information on facts about an enterprise is called a(n): A) enterprise information system. B) repository. C) systems information unit. D) database process.
B
33) Languages, menus, and other facilities by which users interact with the database are collectively called a(n): A) client. B) user interface. C) icon. D) development environment.
B
35) The traditional methodology used to develop, maintain and replace information systems is called the: A) Enterprise Resource Model. B) Systems Development Life Cycle. C) Unified Model. D) Systems Deployment Life Cycle.
B
49) A workgroup database is stored on a central device called a(n): A) client. B) server. C) remote PC. D) network.
B
51) A data warehouse derives its data from: A) on-line transactions. B) various operational data sources. C) reports. D) a datamart.
B
7) All of the following are properties of metadata EXCEPT: A) data definitions. B) processing logic. C) rules or constraints. D) data structures.
B
11) Organizations that utilize the file processing approach spend as much as ________ of their IS development budget on maintenance. A) 40 percent B) 25 percent C) 60 percent D) 80 percent
D
12) A graphical system used to capture the nature and relationships among data is called a(n): A) logical data model. B) hypertext graphic. C) ERD. D) data model.
D
13) A person, place, an object , an event or concept about which the organization wishes to maintain data is called a(n): A) relationship. B) object. C) attribute. D) entity.
D
16) All of the following are primary purposes of a database management system (DBMS) EXCEPT: A) creating data. B) updating data. C) storing data. D) providing an integrated development environment.
D
18) With the database approach, data descriptions are stored in a central location known as a(n): A) server. B) mainframe. C) PC. D) repository.
D
20) Which organizational function should set database standards? A) Management B) Application development C) Technical services D) None of the above
D
84) Personal databases are designed to support a small group of individuals working together on a project.
FALSE
85) Database development begins with the design of the database.
FALSE
86) An enterprise data model describes the scope of data for only one information system.
FALSE
61) Organizations that utilize the file processing approach spend only 20 percent of development time on maintenance.
FALSE
64) A well-structured database establishes the entities between relationships in order to derive the desired information.
FALSE
66) The data that you are interested in capturing about an entity is called an instance.
FALSE
69) Data redundancy is used to establish relationships between data but is never used to improve database performance.
FALSE
71) A user view is how the user sees the data when it is produced.
FALSE
75) A constraint is a rule in a database system that can be violated by users.
FALSE
77) Reduced program maintenance is an advantage of file processing systems.
FALSE
