Chapter 1 - Introduction - Connect Questions

The upper boundary of the human life span (based on the oldest age documented) is _____ years.

122

Life expectancy in the U.S. is ___ years of age

78

Which of the following are variables found in experimental research?

Independent and Dependent

The "nurture" portion of the nature-nurture issue in development can be described as:

a psychological and environmental perspective on how people development

Descriptive research

aims to record and observe behavior

Experimental research

carefully regulated procedure in which one or more factors believed to influence the behavior study changes when a factor is manipulated (cause and effect)

The four ways of measuring age:

chronological, biological, psychological, and social

When conducting life-span development research, researchers must be cautious of ______ effects, such as a person's time of birth, era, or generation, because they can powerfully affect the dependent measures in research concerned with age.

cohort

The goal of ________ research is to measure the strength of the relationship between or among variables without making a determination about cause-and-effect.

correlational

A research strategy that simultaneously compares people of different ages is known as the _______ approach.

cross-sectional

Ethnicity is rooted in:

cultural heritage, nationality, race, religion, and language

Correlational research

describe the strength of the relationship between two or more events or characteristics

Life-span ________ is defined as the pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through the life span.

development

The ______ theory states that behavior is tied to evolution, is strongly affected by biological influence, and is characterized by critical or sensitive periods.

ethological

An ________ is a carefully regulated procedure in which one or more factors believed to influence the behavior being studied are manipulated while all other factors are held constant.

experiment

A specific assertion and prediction that can be tested is referred to as a _____

hypotheses

According to Skinner's ___________ conditioning theory, the consequences of behavior produce changes in the probability of the behavior's occurrence.

operant

The five stages of psychosexual development

oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital

The information-_____ theory of development emphasizes that individuals manipulate information, monitor it, and strategize about it.

processing

Bandura's _____ cognitive theory recognizes the contributions of behaviorism but also stresses that thinking is an important ingredient in understanding development.

social

The three main issues that influence how we look at development are nature and nurture, continuity and discontinuity, and _______ and ______

stability, change

A ___________ is an interrelated, coherent set of ideas that helps to explain phenomena and make predictions

theory