Chapter 1 Nutrition Learn Smart

What is obesity?

A condition that can result from consuming more calories than needed

What are phytochemicals?

A substance made by plants in that is not a nutrient but has healthful benefits.

What circumstances would increase a person's chances of under nutrition in the United States

Anorexia Nervosa Living in Poverty Chronic Alcoholism

What is a food that is energy dense but not empty calories?

Mixed nuts

Dietitians that create modified diets for people must consider what?

Occupation Family Food preferences Food preparation ability

What is a risk factor?

Personal characteristics that increases a person's chances of developing a chronic disease

What term describes the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally?

Physiological dose

What are probiotics?

Probiotics are live bacteria. These are 'good bacteria' and are similar to those in the gut. Probiotics are added to foods such a yogurt. It's thought they may help keep your digestive system healthier by replacing gut bacteria that are lost during antibiotic treatment.

What is the #1 cause of preventable death?

Smoking

Which of the following nutrients provide no usable calories for the body?

VITAMINS MINERALS

Because no natural food contains all nutrients in amounts needed by the body, _____ in the diet is critical.

Variety

What is considered the most essential nutrient?

Water

A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary chemical or physical means is a

element

Certain ___ diseases can be cured by eating specific nutrients but diet is just one aspect that influences health.

Deficiency

Which term best describes a person's usual pattern of food choices?

Diet

Type 2 diabetes and obesity are related to ___ practices common in american society today

Dietary

What are some examples of risk factors?

Heredity Smoking Nutritional habits

Which term describes a food or beverage that is a poor source of micronutrients in relation to its energy value?

Empty-calorie

A nutrient that cannot be made by the body and must be supplied by food is considered:

Essential

True or False: Humans have an instinctual drive that leads us to make healthy food choices.

False, there is nothing in the genetic makeup of humans that helps us make healthy food choices

True or false: Refined grain products are being purchased in lower quantities than what is recommended.

False; Americans buy them in higher quantities

True or false: a phytochemical supplement is identical to what is found in food.

False; Supplements do not contain the same healthful benefits as consuming the plants that provide these compounds

What is a Functional Food?

Food that contain a nutrient or phytochemical ingredients that may provide health benefits

Orange juice is fortified with calcium, margarines that interfere with the body's ability to absorb cholesterol and yogurt with live bacteria are all examples of ___.

Functional Foods

What term describes a food that is manufactured to boost nutrient intakes?

Functional foods

Which is more likely to be taken as a dietary supplement?

Herb Vitamin Mineral Amino Acid

What is megadose?

The intake of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amount

True or false; not all phytochemicals have beneficial effects on the body

True

True or false: There is little danger fro healthy adults taking a vitamin and mineral supplement that provides 100% of the recommended amounts of micronutrients.

True, healthy adults might consider doing this as "an insurance policy," but it is not a substitute for a healthy diet