Chapter 1 Quiz

The European Union...

: Began in the 1950s, with collaboration on coal and steel production between a few countries

Which of the following is NOT an example of mercantilism? A.) The Spanish monarchy's control of the gold and silver mines in Latin American colonies. B.) The Dutch East India Company. C.) European countries preferring to import only input goods and not finished products. D.) Virginian tobacco farmers selling their product to England. E.) Britain's repeal of the Corn Laws.

D

What did NOT increase under Pax Britannica?

European Wars

The United States and its allies created international institutions at the end of World War II...

In order to create a stable free-trade economic system.

A person born in Europe during the early 1900s and surviving into adulthood experienced which of the following?

Large-scale war between great powers

By the early twentieth century, the balance of power between major countries was most affected by the...

Unification of Germany

Mercantilist policies in Britain's American colonies...

Were a relatively small burden per person, about equal to benefits received

Which of the following factors did NOT encourage decolonization? A.) The major powers began to implement favorable trade and investment policies that led to economic development in their colonies. B.) American businesses hoped they would have more access to markets in developing countries. C.) Nationalist movements became stronger. D.) Since the Soviet Union was known to be anticolonial, Americans feared colonialism would push African and Asian independence movements toward the Soviets. E.) World War II weakened the European colonial powers.

A

Which of the following is NOT an explanation for the commencement of the Cold War? A.) The United Nations was viewed as a pro-American organization, so the Soviets refused to cooperate with it. B.) Since there were only two superpowers, it was inevitable that they would compete for influence in Europe. C.) Disagreements were inevitable between a capitalist democracy and a communist one-party system. E.) Interactions between the United States and the Soviet Union became hostile and suspicious. F.) Each viewed the other as a threat to its allies in Europe.

A

A consequence of World War I was...

A successful communist revolution in Russia

According to the authors, the two predominant realities of international affairs in the modern era are...

America's leading role and globalization

The Soviet Union used its military power to preserve or extend its influence in all of the following cases EXCEPT? A.) Hungary in 1956. B.) Great Britain in 1971. C.) Czechoslovakia in 1968. D.) Afghanistan in 1979. E.) Vietnam in 1965

B

Which of the following is an example of a free-trade area? A.) World Trade Organization. B.) European Union. C.) North Atlantic Treaty Organization. D.) African Union. E.) Warsaw Pact.

B

Which of the following statements about United States intervention during the Cold War is true? A.) The United States refused to intervene in democratic countries. B.) The United States used military and intelligence services to undermine only governments under the direct control of the Soviet Union. C.) The United States used military and intelligence services to prevent countries from electing governments sympathetic to the Soviet Union. D.) The United States rarely intervened in civil conflicts outside its own borders, because it respected the sovereignty of other countries. E.) The United States rarely used military and intelligence services in Asia, because it feared retaliation from the Soviet Union.

C

Which of the following statements regarding colonialism is FALSE? A.) Colonial expansion by European countries renewed significantly after 1870. B.) Nationalist sentiment within European countries encouraged colonialism. C.) European countries had colonized most parts of Africa by 1770. D.) Europeans' desire for more markets and resources contributed to the rush for colonies. E.) Rising major powers such as Germany and Japan sparked competition for colonies.

C

Which statement best describes China and Vietnam in the early 1980s? A.) Both countries strengthened their communist economic systems. B.) Both countries abandoned one-party rule. C.) Both countries adopted capitalist economic reforms. D.) China adopted capitalist economic reforms, but Vietnam did not. E.) Vietnam maintained its one-party system, but China did not.

C

After World War II, the United States and Western Europe...

Collaborated in implementing the Bretton Woods System

The Peace of Westphalia in 1648 did NOT...

Create the first international organization

In the decades after World War II, the Soviet Union did all of the following EXCEPT: A.) Create a military alliance with countries in Eastern Europe. B.) Promote economic cooperation between its own allies. C.) Establish military cooperation with China. D.) Oppose the independence of colonies in the developing world. E.) Compete with the United States for allies in the developing world.

D

Which of the following is the best example of the challenges to globalization in the modern world? A.) Arab Spring uprisings lead to uncertain results in Middle Eastern and North African countries. B.) Developing economies push for reforms in the United Nations General Assembly. C.) The value of currencies fluctuate now that there is no more gold standard. D.) China and Russia refuse to fully open their borders to international trade. E.) The United States brings trade dispute cases to the World Trade Organization.

D

Which of the following would be an example of détente between the United States and the Soviet Union? A.) The Soviet Union creates the Warsaw Pact. B.) The Soviet Union puts missiles in Cuba. C.) The Soviet Union blocks access to Berlin. D.) The United States agrees to limit its military weapons. E.) The United States sends troops to Vietnam.

D

Which of the following statements about Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1990 is true? A.) The United States acted unilaterally when responding to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. B.) The 1991 war against Iraq revealed the ineffectiveness of the United Nations in coordinating military responses to violations of international law. C.) Iraqi forces were expelled from Kuwait by forces from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. D.) A large coalition of countries led by the United States invaded Iraq to end its occupation of Kuwait. E.) A large coalition of countries under the auspices of the United Nations expelled Iraqi forces from Kuwait.

E

Which of the following statements about Soviet intervention during the Cold War is true? A.) The Soviet Union rarely intervened in civil conflicts outside its own borders, because it was focused on winning the nuclear arms race. B.) The Soviet Union refused to send its military to intervene in European countries such as Hungary and Czechoslovakia, because it feared retaliation from the United States. C.) The Soviet Union intervened only in countries with socialist or Marxist governments, since they were already Soviet allies. D.) The Soviet Union rarely intervened in the developing world, because it thought poor countries were likely to become communist without Soviet help. E.) The Soviet Union sent arms and advisers to many developing countries in hopes of helping sympathetic groups seize power.

E

The sixteenth through eighteenth centuries were characterized by...

European states trying to overpower and outmaneuver each other.

The Bretton Woods System sought to reduce barriers and taxes on goods exchanged between countries with the...

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

Which of the following is the best example of a hegemon?

Great Britain in the 1800s

The great European powers cooperated more and fought less during the nineteenth century, in part because of...

Increasingly free trade between countries

Which organization was created to facilitate private investment in developing nations in the 1950s and 1960s?

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

Which of the following institutions is a member of the Bretton Woods System?

International Monetary Fund

Why did the adoption of the gold standard facilitate global trade?

It created a predictable way to exchange international currencies.

How did the Great Depression help lead to the outbreak of World War II?

It led to the rise of extreme right-wing, nationalistic governments in several key European nations.

In the nineteenth century, England promoted international economic stability by...

Leading the world in promoting free trade

Which organization, formed in 1920, was the precursor to the United Nations?

League of Nations

The Peace of Westphalia in 1648...

Marked the beginning of the modern system of states

During the nineteenth century, the Great Powers of Europe had a common interest in what?

Opposing revolutionary movements throughout Europe

In the 1970s, some developing economies with certain natural resources managed to gain some power over more industrialized economies through the work of which organization?

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

When European colonialism began in the sixteenth century...

Political and religious interests pushed Europeans to colonize

Terms of trade refer to the...

Prices paid by a country for imports and what it receives for exports

As the Cold War began, the United States opposed Soviet influence by all of the following ways EXCEPT...

Providing military aid to countries of Eastern Europe

In the 1990s, the United Nations...

Sent troops to Rwanda to mediate an end to a civil war in that country

The world as a meaningful political and economic unit emerged...

Sometime after the 1500's

During the Cold War, developing countries...

Sought to separate themselves from the competition between the United States and the Soviet Union.

After World War I...

The League of Nations was created to avoid another war.

Why did the United States fight "proxy wars" during the Cold War?

The United States feared a devastating war if it directly attacked the Soviet Union

With regard to the "war debts-reparations tangle"...

The United States insisted that the French and Germans repay loans made during World War I.

Why did some countries after World War II form what would become the European Union?

To increase trade and improve economic cooperation within Europe

The biggest crisis between Russia and the West since the end of the Cold War occurred in 2014 over which country?

Ukraine

A major change in the balance of power within nineteenth-century Europe was spurred by the...

Unification and growth of Germany

Developing countries created the nonaligned movement during the Cold War because they...

Wanted to promote international economic development.

One feature of the Treaty of Versailles that directly led to the outbreak of World War II was...

War reparations