Chapter 10

Which of the following statements is true about depression in adolescents?

Females tend to ruminate in their depressed mood and amplify it; hence, they are more likely to develop depression than are males.

Which of the following statements is true about identity development?

Identity encompasses an individual's personality characteristics.

Which of the following does the new model of parent-adolescent relationships emphasize?

Parents serve as important attachment figures and support systems during adolescence.

Irene, a 16-year-old girl, is a first-generation immigrant whose parents came to the United States from Ukraine when she was just a baby. Irene enjoys many of the same things that her American friends do but respects her culture's traditions and speaks to her parents in their native language. Irene seems to have formed a(n) ________ identity.

bicultural

Meghan and her group of five girls are all enthusiastic gymnasts. They hang out together after school and go to the mall on weekends. They are all of the same age and have similar tastes in music and food and, as a result, enjoy each other's company. Which of the following terms best describes this type of group?

clique

Conflicts arise between parents and adolescents because

few parents anticipate how strongly their adolescent will push for autonomy and responsibility.

At approximately ________ years of age, two types of romantic involvement occur: casual dating and dating in groups.

14 to 16

________ is the status of identity of an individual in which crisis and commitment are both absent and the individual is undecided about or shows little interest in occupational and ideological choices.

Identity diffusion

Baku is a local guide living and working in Kenya. While explaining some of the local cultures and practices to a group of tourists, he tells that some tribes have customs that relate to rites of passage. A tourist asks Baku about the importance of rites of passage. Which of the following statements would most likely be Baku's response?

Rites of passage mostly focus on the transition of adolescents to adult

One study found that low rates of delinquency from 14 to 23 years of age were associated with a(n) ________ parenting style.

authoritative

At which grade level does conformity to peers peak?

eighth and ninth grades

A study of tenth-graders revealed that

having more romantic experience was linked to a higher level of substance use and delinquency.

Identify the status of individuals who have not yet experienced a crisis or made any commitments.

identity diffusion

According to Erik Erikson, during the ________ stage, adolescents are faced with deciding who they are, what they are all about, and where they are going in life.

identity versus identity confusion

The four problems that affect most adolescents are drug abuse, sexual problems, school-related problems, and

juvenile delinquency.

Mark is a 15-year-old boy who lives with his foster parents. He regularly gets into fights and arguments with his friends and family and is usually ignored by them. He starts to take drugs to cope with his loneliness and starts abusing drugs. He breaks into an elderly couple's house and steals money to buy drugs. In this scenario, Mark will most likely be labeled as a(n)

juvenile delinquent.

Dylan does his homework in front of the television while listening to music on his iPod and also simultaneously text messaging his friends. These actions are collectively known as

media multitasking.

Joseph Allen and his colleagues found that adolescents who were securely attached to their parents at 14 years of age were more likely at 21 years of age to report

relationship competence and fewer problematic behaviors.

Holly is quiet and introverted. She feels stressed whenever she has to interact with a lot of people. She keeps mostly to herself and seldom speaks up in class. She never socializes or attends parties. Which of the following terms best describes this aspect of Holly's identity?

personality

Which of the following terms did Erikson use to describe a period in which society leaves adolescents relatively free of responsibilities and free to try out different identities?

psychosocial moratorium

Richard believes he is gay. This orientation is part of Richard's ________ identity.

sexual