Chapter 10 APHG Key Issue 1

Telephones

Enhance interaction with providers of low materials and customers for goods and services. MDC-1,100 LDC-700

Computers

Facilitate the sharing of information with other buyers and suppliers MDC-700 LDC-200

In less developed countries, consumer goods such as telephones, televisions, and motor vehicles are

Familiar to many but owned by relatively few

Which of the following statements is CORRECT about the contribution to GNI among primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors in developed countries

Of the three sectors, tertiary sector contributes the highest share to GNI.

Why are the workers in MDCs more productive than workers in LDCs?

Technology

Processing of computer information is an example of which sector of the economy

Tertiary

How is MDC and LDC divided

The U.N. Divides them into high, mediums, and low developing.

Purchasing power parity (PPP)

The amount of money needed in one country to purchase the same goods and services in another country.

Value added

The gross value of a product minus the costs of raw materials and energy

Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT

The higher the GDP of a country, the more equal its income distribution

Expected years of schooling for today's youth

The highest number of expected years of schooling are in North America and Europe, and the lowest numbers are in South Asia(10.2 yrs) and Sub-Saharan Africa(9.3 years)

Years of schooling for adults

The highest number of years of schooling in North America, and the lowest numbers are in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. MDC- 11.5 yrs LDC-4.7 yrs

Explain the gap between the 'haves' and 'have-nots'. Who tend to have these items, in what areas do they live, what might these gaps lead to, and why?

The minority of people who have these goods may include govt officials, etc. in many developing countries, those who have these products are concentrated in urban areas. Technology change is helping to reduce the gap.

Pupil/teacher ratio

The number of enrolled students divided by the number of teachers

Explain the effect of longer life expectancies on age distribution in MDCs compared to LDCs.

The number of young people is 6 times higher than the number of older people in developing countries. Whereas the 2 are nearly the same in developed countries. LDC you see more children. MDC you see more older.

Literacy rate

The percentage of a country's people who read and write

What do we mean by a country's level of development?

The process of improving the conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology.

Development is best defined as

The processes of Improving the conditions of people through the diffusion of knowledge and technology

Productivity

The value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it

Gross National income (GNI)

The value of the output of goods and services produced in a country in a year, including money that leaves and enters the country.

Gross domestic product (GDP)

The value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country in a year, not accounting for money that leaves and enters the country.

Because people live longer in developed countries than in developing countries, which of the following is CORRECT about developed countries?

There are a higher percentage of older people who are retired and a smaller percentage of children under the age of 15 who need support.

The value of a product minus the costs of raw materials and energy is

Value added

Explain why people in MDCs are healthier and live longer than in LDCs.

When people in MDCs gets sick, these countries possess the resources to care for them. The govt tries to provide to people who can't provide for themselves.

HDI examines education by combining two separate measures.

Years of schooling for adults and expected years of school for youth

What does the United Nations (UN) consider the most critical measure of ones ability to access knowledge? Explain.

Years of schooling. They believe the longer you attend the more you learn.

All of the following contribute to a higher infant mortality rate in developing countries EXCEPT

drug overdoses

Developed country (MDC)

A country that has progressed relatively far along a continuum of development

Developing country (LDC)

A country that is at a relatively early stage in the process of development

What are the three factors used to measure a country's HDI score?

A decent standard of living A long and healthy life Access to knowledge

Human Development Index (HDI)

An indicator constructed by the U.N. To measure the level of development for a country through a combination of income, education, and life expectancy.

How can you figure out the contribution of an average individual toward a country's wealth?

By dividing the GNI by the total population.

Per capita GDP is a poor indicator of which of the following

Distribution of wealth within a country

People are more productive in more developed countries because they

Have access to more technology

Explain why GNI cannot measure perfectly the level of a country's development. In other words, explain "per capita GNI measures average (mean) wealth, not the distribution of wealth.

If only a few people receive much of the GNI,mother the standard of living for that majority may be lower than the average figure implies. The higher the per capita GNI, the greater the potential for ensuing that all citizens can enjoy a comfortable life.

Primary sector

Includes activities that directly extract materials from Earth through agriculture and sometimes by mining, fishing, and forestry.

Secondary sector

Includes manufacturers that process, transform,mane assemble raw ,ate rials into useful products as well as industries that fabricate manufactured goods into finished consumer goods.

Compare infant mortality rate in MDCs to LDCs and explain why it is greater in LDCs

Infant mortality- how many babies pass away. Infant mortality rate is greater in developing countries

Tertiary sector

Involves the provision of goods and services to people in exchange for payment such as retailing, banking, law,education, and government.

The UN has selected life expectancy at birth as the health indicator for HDI. Define this.

Life expectancy at birth was defined as the average number of years a newborn infant can be expected to live at current mortality levels.

Compared to less developed countries, more developed countries have higher rates of

Literacy

________ is an example of a secondary sector sctivity

Manufacturing

An example of a primary sector activity is

Mining

Compared to less developed countries, more developed countries have lower

Percentages of GNI spent on education

Per capita GDP is a good indicator of which of the follwoing

Potential for providing all citizens with a comfortable life

Motor vehicles

Provide individuals with access to jobs and services and permit businesses to distribute their products. MDC- 630 LDC-80

Adjustments made to GNI to account for differences among countries in the cost of goods is a

Purchasing power parity

HDI is function of

Standard of living, education, and health

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the

Total value of output of goods and services produced in a country during a year.

Among the most important consumer goods in developed countries are those related to

Transportation and communication