Chapter 10 KQ PART 2

b) The acceleration increases as x increases and it decreases as x decreases.

10.1.1. An obect that obeys Hooke's law is displaced x by a net force F. Which of the following statements correctly describes the resulting acceleration of the object? a) The magnitude of the acceleration is constant. b) The acceleration increases as x increases and it decreases as x decreases. c) The acceleration is always in the positive x direction. d) The acceleration is only dependent on the mass of the object.

a) The maximum acceleration of the block occurs when its velocity is zero.

10.1.2. A block is hung vertically at the end of a spring. When the block is displaced and released, it moves in simple harmonic motion motion. Which one of the following statements is true concerning the block? a) The maximum acceleration of the block occurs when its velocity is zero. b) The velocity of the block is never zero m/s. c) If the velocity of the block is zero m/s, it acceleration is zero m/s2. d) The maximum velocity occurs when the maximum acceleration occurs.

e) 48 N/m

10.1.3. What is the value of the spring constant of a spring that is stretched a distance of 0.5 m if the restoring force is 24 N? a) 6 N/m b) 12 N/m c) 18 N/m d) 24 N/m e) 48 N/m

b) A restoring force acts on an object in simple harmonic motion that is directed in the same direction as the object's displacement.

10.2.1. Which one of the following statements concerning simple harmonic motion is false? a) The displacement versus time graph for an object in simple harmonic motion resembles the sine or cosine function. b) A restoring force acts on an object in simple harmonic motion that is directed in the same direction as the object's displacement. c) The amplitude of the object in simple harmonic motion is the maximum distance the object moves from its equilibrium position. d) During simple harmonic motion the net force on the object is zero d) During simple harmonic motion, the net force on the object is zero newtons when it is at its equilibrium position. e) A restoring force acts on the obj e) A restoring force acts on the object that is proportional to the object t that is proportional to the object s ' displacement from its equilibrium position.

e) The period would increase, but the frequency would decrease.

10.2.2. An object is in simple harmonic motion. The rate at which the object oscillates may be described using the period T, the frequency f, and the angular frequency l. If the angular frequency decreases what is the effect on the period and If the angular frequency decreases, what is the effect on the period and the frequency? a) The frequency would decrease, but the period would remain the same. b) The period would increase, but the frequency would remain the same. c) Both the period and the frequency would decrease. d) Both the period and the frequency would increase. e) The period would increase, but the frequency would decrease.

a) Increasing the spring constant causes the angular frequency to increase.

10.2.3. A ball of mass m is attached to the end of a spring that has a spring constant k. When the ball is displaced from its equilibrium position and released, it moves in simple harmonic motion. Consider the relationship between the angular frequency, the mass, and the spring constant given in the text in the text. Which one of the following statements concerning that relationship is true? a) Increasing the spring constant causes the angular frequency to increase. b) Increasing the mass of the ball causes the angular frequency to increase. c) Increasing the initial displacement before releasing the ball causes the angular frequency to increase d) Increasing the period of the ball's motion causes the angular frequency to increase.

c) period

10.2.4. An object in simple harmonic motion is observed to move between a maximum position and a minimum position. The minimum time that elapses between the object being at its maximum position and when it returns to that maximum position is equal to which of the following parameters? a) frequency b) angular frequency c) period d) amplitude e) wavelength

d) hertz

10.2.5. Which one of the following units is used for frequency? a) oersted b) second c) farad d) hertz e) gauss

e) at 0 s, 4 s, and 8 s

10.2.6. Consider the graph shown for the position of a ball attached to a spring as it oscillates in simple harmonic motion. At which of the following times is the ball at its equilibrium position? a) 0 s only b) 2s only c) 4 s only d) at 0s and 8 s e) at 0 s, 4 s, and 8 s

c) The total mechanical energy is constant as the block moves back and forth.

10.3.1. A block is attached to the end of a spring. The block is then displaced from its equilibrium position and released. Subsequently, the block moves back and forth on a frictionless surface without any losses due to friction. Which one of the following statements concerning the total mechanical energy of the block-spring system this situation is true? a) The total mechanical energy is dependent on the maximum displacement during the motion. b) The total mechanical energy is at its maximum when the block is at its equilibrium position. c) The total mechanical energy is constant as the block moves back and forth. d) The total mechanical energy is only dependent on the spring constant and the mass of the block.

a) The elastic potential energy is at its minimum when the spring is in its equilibrium position.

10.3.2. Which one of the following statements concerning the elastic potential energy of a ball attached to a spring is false when the ball is moving in simple harmonic motion? a) The elastic potential energy is at its minimum when the spring is in its equilibrium position. b) The elastic potential energy is smaller when the ball is at -x than when it is at +x. c) The elastic potential energy can be expressed in units of watts. d) The elastic potential energy is at its maximum when the velocity of the ball is a maximum. e) The elastic potential energy is at its minimum when the acceleration of the ball is a maximum.

e) translational kinetic, gravitational potential, and elastic potential energies

10.3.3. A ball is attached to a vertical spring. The ball is initially supported at a height y so that the spring is neither stretched nor compressed. The ball is then released from rest and it falls to a height y-h before moving upward. Consider the following quantities: translational kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy. When the ball was at a height y-(h/2), which of the listed quantities has values other than zero joules? a) translational kinetic energy only b) gravitational potential energy only c) elastic potential energy only d) translational and elastic potential energies only e) translational kinetic, gravitational potential, and elastic potential energies

a) Decrease the mass of the block.

10.3.4. A block of mass M is attached to one end of a spring that has a spring constant k. The other end of the spring is attached to a wall. The block is free to slide on a frictionless floor. The block is displaced from the position where the spring is neither stretched nor compressed and released. It is observed to oscillate with a frequency f. Which one of the following actions would increase the frequency of the motion? a) Decrease the mass of the block. b) Increase the length of the spring. c) Reduce the spring constant. d) Reduce the distance that the spring is initially stretched. e) Increase the distance that the spring is initially stretched.

e) The block's acceleration is greatest when the mass has reached its maximum displacement.

10.3.5. A block of mass M is attached to one end of a spring that has a spring constant k. The other end of the spring is attached to a wall. The block is free to slide on a frictionless floor. The block is displaced from the position where the spring is neither stretched nor compressed and released. It is observed to oscillate with a frequency f. Which one of the following statements is true concerning the motion of the block? a) The block's acceleration is constant. b) The period of its motion depends on its amplitude. c) The block's acceleration is greatest when the spring returns to its equilibrium position. d) The block's velocity is greatest when it reaches its maximum displacement. e) The block's acceleration is greatest when the mass has reached its maximum displacement.

a) The maximum acceleration of the block occurs when its velocity is zero.

10.3.6. A block is hung vertically at the end of a spring. When the block is displaced and released, it moves in simple harmonic motion. Which one of the following statements is true concerning the block? a) The maximum acceleration of the block occurs when its velocity is zero. b) The velocity of the block is never zero m/s. c) If the velocity of the block is zero m/s, it acceleration is zero m/s2. d) The maximum velocity occurs when the maximum acceleration occurs.

e) depends on the distance the spring is stretched from its relaxed position.

10.3.7. A block on a frictionless surface is attached to a horizontal spring that is stretched and released. Complete the following statement: The work done by the spring on the block a) depends on the mass of the block. b) is positive only when the spring is compressed. c) is positive only when the spring is stretched. d) is always negative. e) depends on the distance the spring is stretched from its relaxed position.

d) The mechanical energy does not vary during the motion.

10.3.8. Which one of the following statements concerning the total mechanical energy of a harmonic oscillator at a particular point in its motion is true? a) The mechanical energy depends on the acceleration at that point. b) The mechanical energy depends on the velocity at that point. c) The mechanical energy depends on the position of that point. d) The mechanical energy does not vary during the motion. e) The mechanical energy is equal to zero joules if the point is the equilibrium point.

d) mg (sin theta)

10.4.1. A simple pendulum consists of a ball of mass m suspended from the ceiling using a string of length L. The ball is displaced from its equilibrium position by an angle theta and released. What is the magnitude of the restoring force that moves the ball toward its equilibrium position and produces simple harmonic motion? a) kx b) mg c) mg (cos theta) d) mg (sin theta) e) mgL (sin theta)

c) If the length of the pendulum were increased, the angular frequency of the pendulum would decrease.

10.4.2. A simple pendulum consists of a ball of mass m suspended from the ceiling using a string of length L. The ball is displaced from its equilibrium position by a small angle theta and released. Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is correct? a) If the mass were increased, the period of the pendulum would increase. b) The frequency of the pendulum does not depend on the acceleration due to gravity. c) If the length of the pendulum were increased, the angular frequency of the pendulum would decrease. d) The period of the pendulum does not depend on the length of the pendulum. e) The angular frequency would double if the angle theta were doubled.

c) when the pendulum swings through a small angle

10.4.3. Under which one of the following conditions does the motion of a simple pendulum approximate simple harmonic motion? a) when the pendulum swings rapidly b) when the pendulum swings slowly c) when the pendulum swings through a small angle d) when the pendulum swings through a large angle e) when the length of the pendulum is more than twice the diameter of the bob

d) critically damped

10.5.1. Which one of the following terms is used to describe a system in which the degree of damping is just enough to stop the system from oscillating? a) resonance b) slightly damped c) underdamped d) critically damped e) overdamped

c) underdamped

10.5.2. The shock absorbers on a car are designed to produce what type of damping? a) slightly damped b) moderately damped c) underdamped d) critically damped e) overdamped

b) the driving frequency is the same as the natural frequency of the system.

10.6.1. Complete the following sentence: In harmonic motion, resonance occurs when a) the energy in the system is proportional to the square of the motion's amplitude. b) the driving frequency is the same as the natural frequency of the system. c) the energy in the system is a minimum. d) the system is critically damped. e) the system is overdamped.

c) resonance

10.6.2. What is the term used to describe the situation in which an external driving force is applied to a system with a frequency that equals the natural frequency of the system? a) symbiosis b) synergy c) resonance d) somnoluminescence e) bonnechance

a) N/m^2

10.7.1. What are the SI units of the shear modulus? a) N/m^2 b) N•m^2 c) N/m d) N • m e) N/m^3

b) a compressed liquid.

10.7.2. Complete the following statement: Young's modulus cannot be applied to a) a bending beam. b) a compressed liquid. c) a stretched wire. d) a compressed rod. e) a stretched rubber band.

a) the bulk modulus of the material from which the box is made.

10.7.3. A box that is submerged below the surface of a liquid is observed to have a volume V2, which is smaller than the initial volume V1 when the box was in air above the surface. If we wish to determine the "stress" on the box, what additional information is needed? a) the bulk modulus of the material from which the box is made. b) the mass of the box. c) the bulk modulus of the liquid. d) the shear modulus of the material from which the box is made. e) the Young's modulus of the material from which the box is made.

e) a force per unit area.

10.8.1. Complete the following statement: In general, the term stress refers to a) a change in length. b) a change in volume. c) a fractional change in length. d) a force per unit length. e) a force per unit area.

b) Hooke's law is valid only for springs.

10.8.2. Which one of the following statements concerning Hooke's law is false? a) Hooke's law relates stress and strain. b) Hooke's law is valid only for springs. c) Hooke's law can be verified experimentally. d) Hooke's law can be applied to a wide range of materials. e) Hooke's law is valid only within the elastic limit of a given material.