chapter 10 (permit test)

what does a dirty windshield do?

A dirty windshield increases glare from approaching headlights. Make sure your lights and windshield glass are clean for night driving.

what is the 1st thing you do if your vehicle is going into water?

A vehicle will normally float for a while, and you should have time to remove yourself before it starts to sink. Release your seat belt and escape through a window. An open door would cause water to rush in and the car could turn over on top of you.

what is the 6th step of driving on an expressway?

After you leave an expressway, look for speed limit signs and check your speedometer to be sure you are within the posted limit. You are not likely to be on a 55 mph road.

what is the 2nd thing to do when your front wheels skid?

As the wheels skid sideways, they will slow the vehicle and traction will return. As traction returns, turn the wheel in the direction you want to go. Then put the transmission in "drive" or release the clutch and accelerate carefully

what is the 3rd step of driving on an expressway?

As you drive on the expressway, make sure to signal all lane changes and check over your shoulder to make sure you will not cut off any vehicles behind you. Make sure your directional signal goes off after you change lanes.

how must you use your headlight beams?

Be considerate when you use your high beams. Your headlights must be on low beam when you are within 500 feet of an oncoming vehicle or within 200 feet of a vehicle ahead of you, even if the vehicle ahead is in a different lane. You should also dim your lights for pedestrians who approach you. Any fog or driving lights your vehicle has must be arranged, adjusted or operated to avoid dangerous glare to other drivers.

what is the 4th step of driving on an expressway?

Remain alert for traffic that enters ahead. If possible, move from the right lane when you approach the entrances to allow more room for traffic that comes from the ramp.

what is the warning sign for fire?

SMOKE especially coming from under the hood

what is the first thing to do when your front wheels skid?

Take your foot off the gas and shift to neutral or push in the clutch, but do not try to immediately steer.

what is the speed limit for expressways?

55 mph, but can be 65 mph in some rural areas

what is the 2nd tip of reducing the chances of a deer hit?

decrease speed when you approach deer near roadsides. deer can "bolt" or change direction at the last minute.

what also happens during those months?

deer breeding and migration

when is deer activity highest during the day?

during dawn and dusk, which is also the highest time of travel for commuters

what wheel drive vehicles handle hazards better?

front wheel and 4 wheel drive

how would you handle the loss of a wheel?

handle it as you would a blowout, but if you lose a wheel, don't get back on the road. call someone and have it checked.

what 4 areas should you get rid of snow and ice from?

headlights, backlights, windshield wipers, all windows.

what do high headlight beams do in hazardous conditions?

high headlight beams reflect rain, fog and snow as it falls. this makes it even harder to see.

what are the 3 warning signs for blocked vision?

hood opening suddenly, objects block windshield view, wipers failing

what do you do before traveling on an expressway?

identify your entrance and exit points on a road map. know where to get on and off the expressway and be prepared to get into the correct lanes for your entrance and exit.

what is the 3rd tip of reducing the chances of a deer hit?

if you see a deer go across the road, decrease speed and be careful. deer travel in groups, so expect more to follow.

what is a clue for brake failure?

if your brake pedal suddenly goes to the floor

what is the sign for headlight failure?

if your lights suddenly go out

what is the clue for steering failure?

if your vehicle suddenly will not respond when you steer

how would you handle running off the pavement? (4 steps)

if your wheels move off the pavement, do not pull the steering wheel back. Ease your foot off the gas pedal and brake gently. When your vehicle has decreased speed, check for traffic behind you, then turn carefully back onto the pavement.

what does a rear-wheel drive vehicle feel if unprepared during a hazard or driving too fast during a hazard?

loss of traction or start of a slide.

what else should you do before driving in a storm?

make sure the windshield washer reservoir is filled with a cleaning agent that resists freezing.

what should you do before winter comes?

make sure your vehicle is in good condition and prepared. make sure it has good snow tires, and put them on the vehicle before the storm.

what do you do if you miss your exit

never drive in the reverse to return to the expressway. get off at the next exit and look for signs that tell you how to return to the expressway.

when do 2/3rds of deer collisions occur?

october, november and december.

how would you handle blocked vision? (3 steps)

open the side window so you can see. Turn on your emergency lights and carefully pull your vehicle off the road and park it.

what color are back fog lights?

red

if you absolutely have to drive during a storm, what should you do first?

remove the ice and snow from your vehicle.

when are tires with metal studs allowed to be used in NYS?

Oct. 16th to Apr. 30th

what is the most important rule in any emergency?

DO NOT PANIC. You have a better chance in an emergency if you do not let fear take over. In most emergencies, you will have a second or two to think before you act.

how would you handle a vehicle approaching head on in your lane? (3 steps)

Decrease speed, pull over to the right and sound your horn to warn the other driver. Do not turn into the left lane. If you do, the other driver may suddenly recover and pull back into that lane, causing a head on collision.

should you use other lights as a replacement?

Do not use parking lights or daytime lights as a replacement. Headlights do a better job. If an oncoming driver flashes headlights at you during a period of low visibility, it means your vehicle was difficult to see and you should turn on your headlights.

what 4 things should you do for better visibility during hazardous conditions?

For better visibility during these weather conditions, keep your headlights on low beam. Reduce your speed. Signal your turns further ahead of time to give other drivers and roadway users more warning. Brake early when you decrease speed behind another vehicle or come to an intersection stop.

how would you handle a stuck gas pedal? (3 steps)

Hook your shoe under the pedal and see if you can free it. If not, shift into neutral and use the brake to slow your vehicle and get off the road. Do not turn off the ignition if your vehicle has power steering or a steering wheel that has a column that locks, because if you do, you will lose power steering or not have the ability to steer are all.

how would you handle your vehicle stalling on railroad tracks? (5 steps)

If a train approaches, release your seat belt, leave the vehicle and get as far away as you can from the tracks. Run toward the general direction the train is coming from. If you run "down the track" in the same direction as the train, you can be hit with debris when the train hits your vehicle. When you are completely sure no trains are coming, open your window to listen for a train and try to start the engine. If that fails, shift your vehicle into neutral and push it from the tracks.

what should you do if an approaching driver doesn't dim their headlights?

If an approaching driver does not dim their headlights, flash yours to high beam for a second, then return to low beam. To help avoid the glare of approaching high beams, move your eyes to the right. Use the road edge as a guide until the approaching vehicle passes by.

what is the 2nd step of driving on an expressway?

If the entrance lane is too short to allow acceleration to expressway speed, the safest method to enter is to stop and wait for a large space in traffic. Then enter the expressway and accelerate quickly. To avoid conflicts with other entrance lane traffic, stop when necessary and merge into expressway traffic ASAP.

what is the 2nd thing you do if your vehicle is going into water, and you can't remove yourself before your vehicle sinks? (4 steps)

If the vehicle sinks before you can remove yourself, get into the back seat. An air pocket can form there as the weight of the engine pulls the vehicle down front first. When the vehicle settles, take a breath and escape through a window. When you rise, air pressure will build in your lungs. Let it out in small breaths through your nose or lips as you surface. Do not hold your breath tight or try to blow the air out; just allow the air to escape in a natural way.

what 4 things should you do if you hear a thumping sound?

If you hear it, get safely off the road and check your tires. If a tire blows out, hold the steering wheel tight and slowly take your foot off the gas pedal. If you vehicle skids, do not use your brake until your vehicle is controlled. Leave the road when it is safe to do so.

how would you handle a car fire? (3 steps)

If you see smoke come from under the hood, pull off the road and park your vehicle. Turn off the ignition. Get away from the car and call the fire dept. it is dangerous to try and fight the fire yourself.

what is the 2nd thing to do when your rear-wheels start to skid?

If your rear wheels start to slide in the other direction as you recover, turn the steering wheel toward that side. You might have to turn the wheel left and right several times to get your vehicle completely controlled.

what is the 3rd thing to do when your rear wheels start to skid? (if you don't have ABS)

If your vehicle does not have ABS, pump the pedal carefully. Pump more rapidly only as your car slows down. If you brake hard with regular brakes, it will make the situation worse.

what is the 3rd thing to do when your rear-wheel start to skid? (if your vehicle has ABS)

If your vehicle has ABS, keep your foot with even pressure on the brake pedal.

what is hydroplaning, and what does it do?

In heavy rain, your tires can begin to ride on the water that is on top of the road pavement. This "hydroplaning" can cause complete loss of traction and control of steering. Hydroplaning normally occurs at higher speeds, but it can also occur if your tires are tread worn or not inflated properly.

what is "driving within the range"?

It is important that you drive at a speed that allows you to stop safely within that distance (350 feet). This is called "driving within the range" of your headlights.

should you keep your interior (inside the car) lights on?

Light from inside your vehicle or from street lights makes it harder for you to see the road ahead. Keep the interior roof light off and dim the dashboard lights. Adjust your visors to reduce glare from lights from above.

do deer travel in groups?

NO. if you see a deer, expect more.

is antifreeze a windshield liquid?

NO. it is a engine coolant. don't put antifreeze in your windshield reservoir

should you combine radical and non radical tires on a vehicle?

NO. the vehicle must be all radical or all non radical.

do they have flawless traction?

NO; skids can occur without a warning.

why is night driving more dangerous?

Night driving is more dangerous because the distance you can see ahead or to the side is reduced. You should drive slower than you would in daylight, especially in areas that are not known or on narrow roads with many curves.

what does the law require you to do with your headlights?

The law requires you to use your headlights from half an hour after the sun sets to half an hour before the sun rises, when visibility is less than 1000 feet and when you use your windshield wipers to clear rain, snow or sleet. Turn your headlights on at dawn, dusk, and in fog. Even when headlights do not help you see in low-light periods, they make it easier for other drivers and pedestrians to see your vehicle.

what is the 5th step of driving on an expressway?

To prevent a last-minute lane change, check the destination and exit signs and get into the correct lane for your exit ahead of time. Make sure to signal your exit at least 100 feet before you reach the exit ramp. When you are on the exit ramp, decrease your speed. There is often a lower speed limit for the ramp.

to reduce glare from other vehicle lights, what do you do?

To reduce glare from the lights of following vehicles, switch your interior rear-view mirror to the "night" position.

what is the first thing to do when your rear-wheels start to skid?

Turn the steering wheel in the direction the vehicle is trying to go. If your rear wheels slide left, steer left. If they slide right, steer right.

what is the 1st step of driving on an expressway?

Unless there is a STOP or YIELD sign or traffic light on the entrance ramp, use the ramp to accelerate to expressway speed and blend with traffic. Signal, then look over your shoulder for traffic already on the expressway. If necessary, slow down to safely merge into traffic.

what is the 5th tip of reducing the chances of a deer hit?

Use caution on roadways marked with deer crossing signs. These signs are put in areas that have had a large number of deer collisions.

what should you do when losing traction due to hydroplaning?

When there is heavy rain, it always makes sense to drive more slowly. If your vehicle begins to lose traction, decrease your speed even more. Good tires with deep tread help to prevent hydroplaning.

even after road workers remove snow, do slippery spots stay slippery?

YES

when visibility improves, should you turn off your fog lights?

YES, when conditions improve, turn them off to reduce glare for other drivers.

even if your vehicle has appropriate tires and good traction, should you drive slowly in hazards? why?

YES. DRIVE SLOWLY even if you have a good car. do not break the flow of traffic by driving faster than other vehicles.

how much feet do headlights cover?

Your headlights cover about 350 feet head.

what is a clue the loss of a wheel is about to happen?

a thumping sound

what is a clue that a tire blowout is about to happen?

a thumping sound.

what does the law require you to do with fog lights? (FOG LIGHTS ARE DIFFERENT THAN HEADLIGHTS)

all fog lights must be correctly installed and of a type approved by the DMV

what color are front fog lights?

amber or white

what does ABS mean?

anti-lock brakes

what does an expressway mean?

any divided highway where traffic moves in one direction on 2 or more lanes. you normally enter or exit the expressway on ramps (controlled-access).

what is the 1st tip of reducing the chances of a deer hit?

be careful when you drive at dawn and dusk; this is when driver visibility is bad and deer are most active

to prevent skids, what 5 things do you do?

brake early, carefully, and gently. press your brakes in slow, steady strokes. allow the wheels to keep turning. if they begin to lock, decrease pressure on the brake pedal. as your vehicle decreases speed, you can also shift into a lower gear.

when sleet, freezing rain or snow fall, what things freeze first?

bridges, ramps and overpasses.

how would you handle steering failure? (3 steps)

slowly take your foot off the gas pedal. turn on your emergency lights and keep your foot off the brake pedal while it is safe to do so. The balance of the vehicle will allow it to continue going straight, but a sudden change in speed could send it out of control. As the vehicle decreases speed, you can brake very carefully to bring it to a stop.

what 2 things make winter the most difficult season to drive in?

snow/ice and fewer hours of daylight

why should back fog lights be larger than front ones?

they will give an advanced warning of the presence of your vehicle to drivers behind you.

how should you handle a brake failure? (3 steps)

try pumping it to increase pressure. If that does not help, use your emergency or parking brake- but use it gently. If you shift to a lower gear, it will help your vehicle decrease speed.

how do you handle headlight failure? (2 steps)

try your emergency lights, parking lights and directional signals. These may continue to work and can give you enough light to get from the roadway safely. If your headlights begin to dim, drive to a service station or pull off the road and go for help.

what is the 4th tip of reducing the chances of a deer hit?

use emergency lights or a headlight signal to warn other drivers when deer are seen on or near the road.

what does a front wheel drive vehicle feel if unprepared or driving too fast during a hazard?

usually there is no warning, and thats even more of a reason why you should drive slow even with a front wheel drive vehicle during a hazard

what other than rain, snow or/and ice makes roads slippery?

wet leaves and oil leaks

is the method to recover from skidding the same for front wheel drive and rear wheel drive vehicles?

yes