Chapter 10 Practice Test

Although she is intelligent, Abigail believes that her low grades in school are reflections of her own intellectual incompetence. Her conclusion best illustrates __________.

a pessimistic outlook

Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion characterize the phases of _________.

an alarm reaction

Marcy believes that the outcome of athletic contests depends so much on luck that it hardly pays to put any effort into her own athletic training. Her belief most clearly illustrates __________.

an external locus of control

The passive resignation of learned helplessness is most likely to be associated with __________.

an external locus of control

An overactive immune system is most likely to contribute to __________.

arthritis

B lymphocytes fight _______.

bacterial infections

Compared with Type B personalities, Type A people are more likely to experience _________.

coronary heart disease

To reduce the stress of making monthly payments on her high-interest credit card debt, Marci secured a low-interest bank loan and an extra part-time job, which enabled her to quickly pay off her debts. Marci's actions best illustrated ___________.

problem-focused coping

Professor Huang is researching the effects of stress appraisal on lymphocyte activity. Her work best illustrates the speciality area of __________.

psychoneuroimmunology

People with AIDS are most likely to suffer from ________.

reduced lymphocyte levels

The second phase of the general adaptation syndrome is characterized by _________.

resistance

In the long run, people who practice resisting the urge to drink too much alcohol or overeat high-fat foods are likely to experience an increase in __________.

self-control

Who is the best example of a Type A personality?

Andre, a competitive, easily-angered journalist

Ben is a self-employed accountant who works overtime during the first two weeks of April to finish his clients' tax forms before the filing deadline. During this time, Ben is most likely to show a(n) _________.

elevated blood cholesterol level

Kathy reduced the stress of breaking up with her boyfriend in two ways. She avoided contact with her ex-boyfriend and she planned recreational activities with her best girlfriend. Kathy's behavior best illustrates __________.

emotion-focused coping

Type A personality is to Type B personality as ________ is to ________.

irritable; calm

Kayla has been abused by her husband for years. Feeling that she cannot escape her situation, she has become increasingly depressed and hopelessly resigned to her suffering. Her reaction best illustrates __________.

learned helplessness

One person, alone in a house, dismisses its creaking sounds and experiences no stress; someone else suspects an intruder and becomes alarmed. These different reactions illustrate the importance of ________.

stress appraisal

The fight-or-flight response is associated with the release of __________ into the bloodstream.

stress hormones

Receiving a failing grade on an exam in an important college course is best described as a(n) _______.

stressor

Feeling liked and encouraged by intimate friends and family members has been found to promote _________.

stronger immune functioning

Unlike Type A personalities, the Type D people are potential candidates for coronary heart disease because they __________.

suppress their negative emotions

In response to stress, _______ release(s) stress hormones into the bloodstream.

the adrenal glands

One of the important agents of the immune system is _________.

the macrophage cell

Providing and seeking support from others during times of stress best illustrates ________.

the tend-and-befriend response