Chapter 10 - SB

Which of the following provides the best example of legitimate power?

A supervisor tells a subordinate to wear safety goggles.

What are situational factors used to analyze problems under the Vroom model of leadership? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Leader-member exchange Decision significance Likelihood of commitment Group expertise

Decision significance Likelihood of commitment Group expertise

Which of the four leadership behaviors in path-goal theory is a form of task performance-oriented behavior?

Directive leadership

Studies of leadership behavior have focused on which of the following aspects? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Employee participation in decision making Team structure and competence Task performance Group maintenance

Employee participation in decision making Task performance Group maintenance

Identify key behaviors that people want and need from their leaders, according to Kouzes and Posner. (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Encourage the heart Inspire a shared vision Block change by protecting the process Model the way

Encourage the heart Inspire a shared vision Model the way

According to path-goal theory, the important environmental factors that determine appropriate leadership style are which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Locus of control Existing formal authority system Primary work group People's tasks

Existing formal authority system Primary work group People's tasks

True or False Effective leaders use one style of leadership.

False

True or False Laissez-faire leadership assumes managers make most decisions.

False

True or False Maintenance behaviors are the same for any culture.

False

Forces in the manager

Feelings of security, personal values, and confidence in employees

Which model of leadership asserts that a leader's effectiveness depends on personal style and the degree to which the situation gives the leader power, control, and influence over the situation?

Fiedler's contingency model

According to the Tannenbaum and Schmidt model of situational leadership, what are the factors managers should consider before deciding how to lead? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Forces in the manager Forces in the subordinate Forces in the industry Forces in the situation Forces in the profession

Forces in the manager Forces in the subordinate Forces in the situation

When a situation is unfavorable for leading, how does this impact the manager's job?

It becomes difficult to maintain situational control.

Which of the following statements about a leader's vision are true? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. It works best when it conveys an ideal. It helps the leader to focus on day-to-day performance objectives. It can be developed across the organization. It is necessary for effective leadership.

It works best when it conveys an ideal. It can be developed across the organization. It is necessary for effective leadership.

According to which leadership theory do leadership behaviors (including open communication, mutual respect, and mutual loyalty) all work to improve relationships?

Leader-member exchange

______ highlights the importance of leader behaviors not just toward the group as a whole but toward individuals on a personal basis.

Leader-member exchange theory

According to Fiedler, which of the following determine the favorability of a situation? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Leader-member relations Task structure Position power Coercive power

Leader-member relations Task structure Position power

What are the key follower characteristics in path-goal theory that determine the appropriateness of various leadership styles? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Task-oriented Locus of control Ability Authoritarianism

Locus of control Ability Authoritarianism

According to path-goal theory, which of the following statements regarding the importance of follower characteristics are true? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Locus of control is the extent to which people believe they can affect their environment. Authoritarianism is the degree to which individuals defer to authority. Ability is people's beliefs about their abilities to perform their jobs. There is a balance between the traditional and innovative approaches to leadership.

Locus of control is the extent to which people believe they can affect their environment. Authoritarianism is the degree to which individuals defer to authority. Ability is people's beliefs about their abilities to perform their jobs.

Which of the following can serve as the source of a leader's vision? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Networking with insightful people Learning from trial and error Accidentally stumbling upon an opportunity Resisting all change to preserve the status quo

Networking with insightful people Learning from trial and error Accidentally stumbling upon an opportunity

Which of the following are pertinent leadership behaviors that path-goal theory identifies? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Participative Achievement-oriented Directive Transformative Supportive

Participative Achievement-oriented Directive Supportive

Which of the following are part of the personality characteristic of a leader with drive? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Persistence in the face of adversity High levels of energy No need for improvement High need for achievement Ambition

Persistence in the face of adversity High levels of energy High need for achievement Ambition

______ is defined as an employee's self-confidence and self-respect.

Psychological maturity

Task performance leadership behaviors focus on which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Quantity of output Work speed Employee feelings Following the rules Stress reduction

Quantity of output Work speed Following the rules

According to French and Raven, which of the following is one of the five sources of managerial power?

Reward

______ theory proposes that the more mature the followers are, the less the leader needs to engage in task performance behaviors.

Situational

Select all that apply What are traditional approaches to leadership? Multiple select question. Situational approach Contingency approach Behavioral approach Trait approach

Situational approach Behavioral approach Trait approach

Which type of leadership behavior gives purpose and meaning to organizations?

Strategic

______ leadership is behavior that provides guidance, support, and corrective feedback.

Supervisory

In the situational theory, Hersey and Blanchard identified which of the following as the key situational factor?

The maturity of the followers

According to Fiedler's contingency model, a leader's effectiveness depends on which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. The personal style of the leader The significance of the project being led The degree to which the situation gives the leader power, control, and influence The leader's gender

The personal style of the leader The degree to which the situation gives the leader power, control, and influence

True or False It is important for managers to act as followers as well as leaders.

True

True or False Situational leadership means that leaders vary their behavior from situation to situation.

True

According to LMX theory, which of the following is a behavior that produces more satisfying and productive relationships?

Trust

Forces in the situation

Type of leadership style the organization values and the type of information needed to solve the problem

Forces in the subordinate

Understanding and accepting the organization's goals, readiness to assume responsibility, and interest in the task or problem

The leadership model that emphasizes how leaders go about making decisions is called the ______ model.

Vroom

The behavioral approach to leadership attempts to identify which of the following?

What good leaders do?

Which of the following are situations that lessen the importance of group maintenance behaviors? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. The leader is not far from the followers. Workers form a closely knit group. The work is boring and unsatisfying. Workers have a professional orientation.

Workers form a closely knit group. Workers have a professional orientation.

A vision expresses the leader's ______ for the organization.

ambitions

A leader who exhibits a(n) ______ style will make decisions alone, without participation by the group.

autocratic

Select all that apply In developing a vision for a business, a leader should ______, Multiple select question. avoid being influenced by the insights of others be sensitive to emerging opportunities develop appropriate capabilities become heavily invested in the status quo

be sensitive to emerging opportunities develop appropriate capabilities

The focus of behavioral leadership is on how leaders ______.

behave

Group maintenance is one of the aspects of the ______ approach to leadership.

behavioral

When Alexandra arrived at work late for the third time in one month, causing her to be late for a staff meeting, Pietro, her manager, called her into his office. "You must get to work on time, Alexandra. One more time, and I will have to start reducing the amount of that bonus we had discussed." What type of power is Pietro using?

coercive

People with an external locus of control believe that what happens to them is ______.

controlled by something other than themselves

According to University of Michigan research, the most effective managers engage in ______. (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. coordinating withholding resources planning writing process goals scheduling

coordinating planning scheduling

In Japan, written memos are preferred over giving directions face-to-face, but in the United States, this is often done face-to-face. This shows that maintenance behaviors differ across ______.

cultures

In ______ leadership, input is solicited by leaders from others.

democratic

According to Kouzes and Posner, the best leaders are able to challenge the process, inspire a shared vision, enable others to act, model the way, and ______.

encourage the heart

A vision that is inappropriate for an organization will often ______.

fail

A manager must be a leader to his subordinates and a ______ to his boss.

follower

The two key situational factors in path-goal theory are personal characteristics of ______ and the environmental pressures and demands they must cope with.

followers

Actions taken to ensure the satisfaction of group members are ______ behaviors.

group maintenance

Leader-member exchange (LMX) theory highlights the importance of leader behaviors toward individuals and/or the ______.

groups

Drive refers to characteristics that reflect a(n) ______ of effort.

high level

Leadership motivation is a combination of extraversion and ______.

high need for power

Visions that serve the leader's personal needs and ignore stakeholders' needs are ______ visions.

inappropriate

Power is defined as the capacity to ______ other people despite resistance.

influence

It is important for leaders to possess self-confidence in order to ______. (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. interpret vast quantities of information instill confidence in others overcome obstacles make decisions despite uncertainty

instill confidence in others overcome obstacles make decisions despite uncertainty

A manager is said to have ______ when the manager's actions correspond with what the manager says.

integrity

The participative leadership style is most appropriate when a follower has a(n) ______ locus of control.

internal

The absence of managerial decision making is known as ______ leadership.

laissez-faire

Extraversion is consistently related to ______.

leadership effectiveness

When a leader has the right or authority to tell others what to do, the leader has ______ power.

legitimate

Research indicates that managers who have high-maintenance leadership behaviors have ______ from their employees. (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. higher turnover less turnover more grievances fewer grievances

less turnover fewer grievances

One research study found that fewer grievances and less turnover resulted in groups where managers were high in ______ behaviors.

maintenance/consideration

Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory asserts that managers should consider an employee's job ______ before deciding whether task performance or maintenance behaviors are more important. (Enter one word in the blank.)

maturity

Maintenance behaviors are most important for followers with ______ levels of maturity.

moderate

Self-confidence enables a leader to ______.

overcome obstacles

One of the key situational factors in ______-goal theory is the environmental pressures and demands with which followers must cope to attain their work goals.

path

According to ______ theory, three important environmental factors determine appropriate leadership style.

path-goal

Legitimate, coercive, reward, expert, and referent ______ are the five sources of leadership.

power

When a leader is able to get things done or accomplish goals even when others resist, the leader has ______.

power

In path-goal theory, the functions of a leader that are of particular importance are to ______. (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. place limits on the delegation of critical tasks reduce barriers to goal attainment provide coaching and direction increase opportunities for personal satisfaction

reduce barriers to goal attainment provide coaching and direction increase opportunities for personal satisfaction

Leaders have ______ power as a result of subordinate and coworker respect, admiration, and loyalty.

referent

The employees who work for Jon have a lot of respect and admiration for him. As a result, they are very loyal to him. This is an example of ______ power.

referent

Leadership that places primary emphasis on maintaining good interpersonal relationships is known as ______ leadership.

relationship-motivated

Greta, the manager of a local bank, needs to be able to better motivate her employees. She has asked her supervisor for the authority to give and withhold incentives. Greta is asking for an increase in her ______ power.

reward

Managers' ability to give or withhold tangible and intangible incentives is their ______ power.

reward

The level of a person's ______ is a measure of psychological maturity.

self-confidence

Task-oriented behaviors include planning, scheduling, coordinating, providing resources, and ______.

setting performance goals

The appropriateness of democratic leadership depends on the characteristics of the leaders, the followers, and the ______.

situation

When leaders vary their behavior from situation to situation, they are demonstrating a ______ leadership approach.

situational

A democratic decision may not be appropriate when ______ or decisiveness is of the essence.

speed

Leaders who give purpose and meaning to an organization by anticipating and envisioning a viable future are known as ______ leaders.

strategic

Group maintenance behaviors focus on ______. (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. stress reduction getting tasks accomplished people's feelings and comfort following rules

stress reduction people's feelings and comfort

Marsha has two employees working under her in the accounting department. Both employees have worked for the company for at least 10 years, have college degrees in accounting, and are confident in themselves. In this department, ______ would be suitable.

substitutes for leadership

Larisa provides guidance to her employees. She also supports them when necessary and provides corrective feedback in their day-to-day activities. Larisa is practicing ______ leadership.

supervisory

According to Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership, relationship-oriented leaders are most effective in moderately favorable situations, whereas ______-oriented leaders are most effective in situations that are very favorable or very unfavorable.

task

According to Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership, task-motivated leaders should be used when the ______ is structured and the leader member relations are good.

task

Actions taken to ensure that the work group or organization reaches its goals are called ______ behaviors.

task performance

Leadership that emphasizes completion of assignments or jobs is called _____ leadership in Fiedler's contingency model.

task-motivated

When managers have coercive power, they may respond to employees who are slow to complete a task by ______.

threatening to dock their pay or reduce their working hours

A leadership perspective that attempts to determine the personal characteristics of effective leaders is called the ______ approach.

trait

The ______ approach to leadership assumes that there is a "leadership personality" and that leaders are born, not made.

trait

It is important for managers to adjust their personal leadership approach to the needs and goals of others. For this reason, effective leaders use ______ leadership styles.

various

A ______ is a mental image of a possible and desirable future state of the organization.

vision

A ______ is necessary for effective leadership.

vision

Integrity is defined as the correspondence between actions and ______.

words