Chapter 11 Art Nouveau

Ukiyo-e prints are created using which of the following printing processes? a. Woodblock print b. Chromolithograph c. Silk Screen printing d. Copper engraving e. Aquatint

Woodblock prints

Japanese woodcut prints were created through collaboration. Briefly describe the steps and contributions of each collaborator that led to a complete full-color ukiyo-e print.

-publisher(funded entriprise), -artist(full drawing for every color to print), - block cutter (cut away parts that wouldnt. be printed) -printer(put together colored blocks for final image).

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec

Aristide Bruant

Katsushika Hokusai

The Great Wave

Compose an essay examining Mucha's poster composition for Job cigarette papers. As part of your response, describe Mucha's use of symbolism, color, representation of space, hierarchy and other compositional and typographic elements. (Alphonse Mucha) As discussed in the class lecture, how did Mucha's poster differ from previous nineteenth-century advertisements?

1. Bright colored palettes 2. Mozaic borders. 3.Centering female figure. 3.Mysterious symbols 4. Orange and green colors are emphasized. 5. Attention of enjoyment of the product. 6. Cherrette 7. More about the concept of the product and experience. 8. Complicated patterns in ascthetic quality. 9. Smoke leads to the name. 10. Hair expressing liveliness. 11. Spatial relationship where the figure is beyond the border. 12.

Compose a three paragraph visual analysis Grasset's compositions. As part of your analysis, describe how Grasset's compositions break from the traditional 19th century book design and represent a more dynamic integration of theme, text, and image.

1. Figures are defined by a thick line. 2. Integrate text and image by adding color from aquatint. 3. Back then spaces were less realistic, black and white, more text than image. Woodcut lettering which is not dynamic or unique. 4. Texts and figure places screen behind to unite images and lettering. 5. Decorative borders such as flowers due to aquatint. 6. Dynamic close-ups of figures. 7. The image of bird flying through the text forced square border to bend. Curving shape with two blocks of text.

European artists adopted several visual elements from ukiyo-e prints. List four of these characteristics.

1. Forms defined by contour line. (linear) 2. Strong Silhouettes 3. Flat color 4. Abstraction and simplification of nature appearances. 5. Unconventional (by European standards) representation of space.

Compare and contrast Compare and contrast Kitagawa Utamaro's Reflected Beauty from his series Seven Beauties Applying Make-Up to Toulouse-Lautrec's poster La Goulue au Moulin Rouge. As part of your essay (three paragraphs minimum) discuss the subject and theme of each work, the designer's representation of figure, form and space, the layout and composition, and the printing process used to create each of these compositions.

1.figure in front is celebrity dancer. 2. contour lines. 3. flat abstract colors. 4. Black used for sillouhettes. 5. simplifies objects in the background that may represent. 6. Loves to paint on stone

Morte d'Arthur

Aubrey Beardsley

William Morris had a strong reaction to Beardsley's art. What did Morris believe was the problem with Beardsley's designs?

Beardsley had, to Morris's mind, vulgarized the design ideas of the Kelmscott style by replacing the formal, naturalistic borders with more stylized, flat patterns and obscene images.

Will Bradley

Chap Book: Repetition of the figure in a smaller size, overlapping the larger figure, enabled Bradley to create a complex set of visual relationships.

French art nouveau posters are commonly printed using this printing process: a. Woodblock print b. Chromolithography (Color lithography) c. Silk Screen printing d. Copper engraving e. Aquatint

Chromolithography.

Chéret created posters centering upon female figures called

Chèrettes

Ukiyo-e prints focus upon a wide range of subjects, the most famous of which are images of the "floating world". What is the 'floating world"?

Entertainment districts. The world above the surface.

What was the name of the first American woman to achieve national prominence for her work as a graphic designer and illustrator?

Ethel Reed

Ando Hiroshige

Evening Squall at Great Bridge near Atake, from Famous Places in Edo: A Hundred Views.

Alphonse Mucha

Gismonda, enlongated figure. "Le Style Mucha"

Although Japanese print artists created work on many subjects, each was also associated with a particular subject or genre. List the subject most associated with the each of following Japanese artists: a. Hishikawa Moronobu b. Kitagawa Utamaro c. Ando Hiroshige d. Katsushika Hokusai

Hishikawa Moronobu- Nature scene of everyday life. Kitagawa Utamaro- Bijin-ga prints. beauty. Ando Hiroshige- Most influential upon European artists. Capture a particular moment in time through landscapes. Katsushika Hokusai- Most well-known in the U.S. Known for dramatic landscapes representation. Also illustrations of everyday life. Manuels for teaching.

Aubrey Beardsley

Illustrations for Morte d'Arthur

As Meggs' points out, Aubrey Beardsley's illustrations for Morte d'Arthur (The Death of King Arthur) shocked the public with their vibrant contrasts, elongated forms, and exotic imagery. The book's visual themes and medieval narrative also reveal a strong ______________________ influence.

Kelmscott

Which art nouveau artist would become most popular for his drawings and posters featuring cats?

Latrec

Art Nouveau is French for

New art

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec's posters often focused upon what subjects?

Parisian night lifedancers, actors, cafe life, prostitutes

Chéret preferred a large format for his work, often drawing his central figures life-sized. As the image above illustrates, due to their large size, Chéret's posters were printed in _____________________ _________________________.

Printed in sections and joined on the wall by afficheurs (the people who put posters on the wall)

Chéret's posters introduced a new archetype of women in mass media. What did this archetype represent?

Somebody who is independent, attractive and influential.

What was the printing process used by Eugene Grasset's Histoire des quatre fils Aymon

Tale of the Four Sons of Aymon, 1883. Mid-evil art, black-letter gothic text. Aquatint printing process to mass print subtle colors that were reflected.

Japanese ukiyo-e prints were a major influence upon nineteenth-century European art and design. These prints were published during Japan's ________________________ period. During this era, Japan __________________ its borders to foreigners.

Tokugawa period. Japan closed its borders to foreigners.

Théophile-Alexandre Steinlen

Tournée du Chat Noir de Rodolphe Salis," 1896. Steinlen's love of cats was often reflected in his poster designs

American art nouveau designers such as Bradley and Reed combined Arts and Crafts Movement inspired pen and ink illustrations with the flat shapes and stylized contours seen in the art of European designer ______________________ _________________________ .

William Morris

Beardsley's style was nicknamed the ________________ ________________. Why was it given this nickname?

black spot because his designs commonly used dominant black forms

Japonisme refers to:

collecting all things japenise.

Eugene Grasset's designs often featured bold black contour drawing locking forms into flat areas of color. This approach was referred to as his __________________ __________________ style.

coloring-book

Jules Chéret was known as the creator of the

first female archetype

As Meggs notes, art nouveau's identifying visual quality is an _________________ __________________ line.

organic plantlike line

Unlike Chéret and Grasset, Aubrey Beardsley's preferred art medium was pen and ink. This meant that his unique line could be reproduced by the _____________________ process

photoengraving process, which, unlike the hand-cut woodblock, retained complete fidelity to the original art.

As noted in the class lecture, the Tenpō Reforms of 1842 changed the subject matter of ukiyo-e prints so that artists focused more upon images of nature. During this period of reform, what subjects were banned?

prints of actors and women were banned

Kitagawa Utamaro

renowned for his bigin-ga prints.

What tool did Lautrec use to create the stipple effect in his posters?

used toothbrush dipped in ink then on stone to get spotted effect