Chapter 11: Blood and Immunity

51. The total adult blood volume is about: a) 5 liters. b) 5 pints. c) 2 liters. d) 5 gallons.

a) 5 liters.

90. T cell counts are used to diagnose: a) AIDS. b) anaphylaxis. c) hepatitis.

a) AIDS.

76. Protease inhibitors block: a) HIV multiplication. b) histamine production. c) cryoprecipitation. d) seroconversion.

a) HIV multiplication.

42. Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is a disorder that results from: a) Rh incompatibility between a mother and child. b) deficiency of electrolytes in the blood. c) abnormal ABO antigens in a fetus. d) graft-versus-host reaction.

a) Rh incompatibility between a mother and child.

28. Thrombocythemia is: a) a decrease in thrombocytes in the blood. b) an absence of platelets in the blood. c) an increase in platelets in the blood. d) a decrease in fibrinogen in the blood.

a) a decrease in thrombocytes in the blood.

34. Sideroderma is: a) a deposit of iron in the skin. b) an accumulation of iron in the brain. c) a lack of oxygen in the skin. d) the elimination of excess potassium.

a) a deposit of iron in the skin.

23. Hypoproteinemia is: a) a lack of protein in the blood. b) a deficiency of protein in lymph. c) an excess of protein in the blood. d) a lack of protein in mother's milk.

a) a lack of protein in the blood.

65. Intrinsic factor is needed for: a) absorption of vitamin B12. b) absorption of vitamin E. c) production of epinephrine. d) production of antibodies.

a) absorption of vitamin B12.

26. Immunity acquired by contact with a disease organism is described as: a) adaptive. b) nonspecific. c) inborn. d) passive.

a) adaptive.

52. A protein found in blood plasma is: a) albumin. b) sodium. c) glucose. d) bicarbonate.

a) albumin.

57. Immunoglobulin (Ig) is another name for a(n): a) antibody. b) antigen. c) enzyme. d) pigment.

a) antibody.

21. Cytopenia is a(n): a) deficiency of cells. b) excess of cells. c) distorted shape of cells. d) enlargement of cells.

a) deficiency of cells.

63. A reaction to poison ivy is an example of a(n): a) delayed hypersensitivity reaction. b) angioedema. c) autoimmune reaction. d) immune deficiency.

a) delayed hypersensitivity reaction.

30. Thrombolysis is: a) destruction of a blood clot. b) measurement of clotting time. c) formation of a blood clot. d) destruction of fibrinogen.

a) destruction of a blood clot.

58. A thrombolytic agent acts to: a) dissolve blood clots. b) cause blood coagulation. c) stimulate red cell production. d) cause autoimmune disease.

a) dissolve blood clots.

67. Splenomegaly is: a) enlargement of the spleen. b) blockage of the spleen. c) a form of Cooley anemia. d) bleeding into the skin.

a) enlargement of the spleen.

91. The blood cells that carry oxygen are the: a) erythrocytes. b) leukocytes. c) T cells.

a) erythrocytes.

81. Which syllable has the primary accent in granulocyte? a) gran b) u c) lo d) sit

a) gran

62. A symptom of allergy is urticaria, which is also called: a) hives. b) conjunctivitis. c) hay fever. d) rhinitis.

a) hives.

69. T cells and B cells are important in: a) immunity. b) blood clotting. c) hemopoiesis. d) erythrocytosis.

a) immunity.

75. Plasma cells produce: a) immunoglobulins. b) antigens. c) T cells. d) platelets.

a) immunoglobulins.

33. The adjective ferric refers to: a) iron. b) sodium. c) potassium. d) nitrogen.

a) iron.

78. Infection often results in: a) leukocytosis. b) neutropenia. c) polycythemia. d) apheresis.

a) leukocytosis.

11. Serum is the: a) liquid that remains after blood has clotted. b) substance that combines with an antibody. c) fluid found in blood cells. d) substance that prevents coagulation.

a) liquid that remains after blood has clotted.

60. Hodgkin disease originates in the: a) lymphatic system. b) yellow bone marrow. c) red bone marrow. d) thymus.

a) lymphatic system.

19. Which of the following are examples of antigen-presenting cells? a) macrophages and dendritic cells b) plasma cells and B cells c) neutrophils and granulocytes d) Rh factor and prothrombin

a) macrophages and dendritic cells

73. Platelets are formed from: a) megakaryocytes. b) dead erythrocytes. c) eosinophils. d) lymphoblasts.

a) megakaryocytes.

97. Excretion of sodium in the urine is: a) natriuresis. b) kaliuresis. c) azoturia.

a) natriuresis.

94. About 55 percent of whole blood is: a) plasma. b) formed elements. c) gamma globulin.

a) plasma.

84. Which syllable has the primary accent in thrombocyte? a) throm b) bo c) sis

a) throm

13. A platelet is also called a(n): a) thrombocyte. b) eosinophil. c) T cell. d) basophil.

a) thrombocyte.

80. A normal WBC count is: a) 500 to 1,000 per mcL. b) 5,000 to 10,000 per mcL. c) 50,000 to 100,000 per mcL. d) 5,000,000 per mcL

b) 5,000 to 10,000 per mcL.

66. CD4 cells are important in the diagnosis of: a) sickle cell anemia. b) AIDS. c) hemophilia. d) jaundice.

b) AIDS.

36. A decrease in the amount of hemoglobin in the blood is: a) erythema. b) anemia. c) erythrosis. d) hematia.

b) anemia.

56. An antigen is: a) any substance that binds to a foreign protein. b) any substance that stimulates an immune response. c) a cell that matures in the thymus gland. d) a product of a plasma cell.

b) any substance that stimulates an immune response.

64. Systemic sclerosis and Sjogren syndrome are examples of a(n): a) hypersensitivity reaction. b) autoimmune disease. c) ecchymosis. d) petechiae.

b) autoimmune disease.

4. The main function of erythrocytes is to: a) prevent clotting. b) carry oxygen. c) promote coagulation. d) carry out phagocytosis.

b) carry oxygen.

3. The formed elements in blood are the: a) antigens. b) cells. c) clotting factors. d) nuclei.

b) cells.

27. A hemocytometer is a(n): a) device for rupturing red cells. b) device for counting blood cells. c) instrument for injecting blood cells. d) instrument for recycling red cells.

b) device for counting blood cells.

12. The substance that forms a blood clot is: a) plasmin. b) fibrin. c) Rh antigen. d) thrombosis.

b) fibrin.

29. Lymphopoiesis is: a) destruction of eosinophils. b) formation of lymphocytes. c) destruction of lymphocytes. d) formation of macrophages.

b) formation of lymphocytes.

22. Erythropoiesis is: a) formation of white cells. b) formation of red cells. c) destruction of red cells. d) dissolving of a blood clot

b) formation of red cells.

10. The prevention of blood loss is: a) hemorrhage. b) hemostasis. c) hematocrit. d) cross-matching.

b) hemostasis.

6. Erythropoietin is a: a) pigment in red cells. b) hormone that stimulates red cell production. c) pigment in white cells. d) hormone that stimulates leukocyte production.

b) hormone that stimulates red cell production.

17. Which of the following cells are not active in the immune system? a) plasma cells b) immunoglobulins c) T cells d) macrophages

b) immunoglobulins

43. In polycythemia, there is a(n): a) deficiency of red cells in the blood. b) increase in erythrocytes in the blood. c) megakaryocytosis. d) deficiency of all blood cells.

b) increase in erythrocytes in the blood.

20. The skin, mucus, cilia, and lymph nodes are components of: a) adaptive immunity. b) innate immunity. c) artificial immunity. d) specific immunity.

b) innate immunity.

95. A type of agranular white blood cell is a(n): a) eosinophil. b) monocyte. c) neutrophil.

b) monocyte.

86. Which syllable has the primary accent in anemia? a) ah b) ne c) me d) ah

b) ne

90. Which syllable has the primary accent in pernicious? a) per b) nish c) us

b) nish

54. All blood cells are produced in the: a) muscles. b) red bone marrow. c) pancreas. d) spleen.

b) red bone marrow.

44. Presence of microorganisms in the blood is: a) a septal defect. b) septicemia. c) electrophoresis. d) intrinsic factor.

b) septicemia.

92. Another name for platelets is: a) megakaryocytes. b) thrombocytes. c) reticulocytes.

b) thrombocytes.

89. Which of the following is a cause of clotting problems? a) aplastic anemia b) thrombocytopenia c) thalassemia

b) thrombocytopenia

14. Which of the following is not a blood type in the ABO system? a) type A b) type AB c) type AO d) type O

b) type AB

72. The lifespan of an erythrocyte is about: a) 12 days. b) 60 days. c) 120 days. d) 10 years.

c) 120 days.

15. Which of the following is true of people with type B blood? a) There are A antigens on their red cells. b) They can receive type AB blood in transfusion. c) Their blood will agglutinate with anti-B serum. d) They are always Rh positive.

c) Their blood will agglutinate with anti-B serum.

71. In whole blood, the formed elements are: a) just erythrocytes. b) just leukocytes. c) all blood cells. d) just thrombocytes.

c) all blood cells.

74. A foreign substance that provokes a host immune response is called a(n): a) antibody. b) serum. c) antigen. d) B cell.

c) antigen.

70. A pigment that comes from the breakdown of red cells is: a) complement. b) gamma globulin. c) bilirubin. d) agglutinin

c) bilirubin.

37. Petechiae, ecchymoses, and purpura are all signs of: a) rupture of neutrophils. b) deficiency of white blood cells. c) bleeding into the skin. d) coagulation of platelets.

c) bleeding into the skin.

79. Anticoagulants prevent: a) neutropenia. b) septicemia. c) blood clotting. d) anemia.

c) blood clotting.

5. Red cells are made in the: a) spleen. b) heart. c) bone marrow. d) blood plasma.

c) bone marrow.

59. Myelogenous leukemia originates in the: a) brain. b) spleen. c) bone marrow. d) pituitary gland.

c) bone marrow.

41. A group of blood enzymes active in immune responses is the: a) corpuscle. b) bilirubin. c) complement. d) plasmin.

c) complement.

93. A term for "destruction of red cells" is: a) hemopoiesis. b) erythemia. c) emolysis.

c) emolysis.

7. The pigment that carries oxygen in red cells is: a) fibrinogen. b) albumin. c) hemoglobin. d) hemostasis.

c) hemoglobin.

38. Hodgkin disease involves the: a) endocrine glands. b) cortex of the brain. c) lymphatic system. d) musculoskeletal system.

c) lymphatic system.

18. Macrophages are descendants of: a) dendritic cells. b) basophils. c) monocytes. d) B cells.

c) monocytes.

61. A cancer that mainly affects the plasma cells in bone marrow is: a) pernicious anemia. b) aplastic anemia. c) multiple myeloma. d) non-Hodgkin lymphoma

c) multiple myeloma.

9. The most numerous leukocytes are: a) platelets. b) agranulocytes. c) neutrophils. d) monocytes.

c) neutrophils.

32. In azotemia, there are: a) calcium compounds in the blood. b) iron salts in the urine. c) nitrogenous compounds in the blood. d) nitrogenous compounds in the urine.

c) nitrogenous compounds in the blood.

53. Acidity is measured as: a) clotting time. b) Rh. c) pH. d) crossmatching.

c) pH.

2. Albumin is a: a) pigment in blood cells. b) substance activity in immunity. c) simple protein found in plasma. d) substance active in blood clotting.

c) simple protein found in plasma.

82. Which syllable has the primary accent in hemostasis? a) he b) mo c) sta d) sis

c) sta

77. Septicemia is: a) a lack of antibody-producing cells. b) a measure of blood pH. c) the presence of microorganisms in the blood. d) a type of anemia.

c) the presence of microorganisms in the blood.

16. An antigen is: a) humoral immunity. b) cell-mediated immunity. c) a substance transferred to a baby in mother's milk. d) a foreign substance that stimulates immunity.

d) a foreign substance that stimulates immunity.

45. Autologous blood is: a) blood from another animal of the same species. b) a fraction obtained by freezing blood. c) an anticoagulant. d) a person's own blood.

d) a person's own blood.

8. Lymphocytes and monocytes are: a) granular leukocytes. b) eosinophils. c) thrombocytes. d) agranular leukocytes.

d) agranular leukocytes.

39. The common term for hypersensitivity is: a) AIDS. b) epinephrine. c) allergens. d) allergy.

d) allergy.

35. In hypokalemia, there is a(n): a) excess of sodium in the urine. b) excess of calcium in the liver. c) deficiency of sodium in the blood. d) deficiency of potassium in the blood.

d) deficiency of potassium in the blood.

1. Dissolved salts found in body fluids are: a) plasma. b) B cells. c) fibrinogen. d) electrolytes.

d) electrolytes.

68. A band cell is a(n): a) immature red blood cell. b) liver cell. c) type of T cell. d) immature neutrophil.

d) immature neutrophil.

24. A leukoblast is a(n): a) immature platelet. b) immature thrombocyte. c) mature white blood cell. d) immature white blood cell.

d) immature white blood cell.

85. Which syllable has the primary accent in anaphylactic? a) an b) ah c) fih d) lak e) tik

d) lak

88. Which syllable has the primary accent in autoimmune? a) aw b) to c) ih d) mune

d) mune

89. Which syllable has the primary accent in lymphadenopathy? a) lim b) fad c) eh d) nop e) ah f) the

d) nop

25. The term myelogenous means: a) deficiency of blood. b) deficiency of bone marrow. c) excess platelets in the blood. d) originating in bone marrow.

d) originating in bone marrow.

40. An anaphylactic reaction is a(n): a) overproduction of leukocytes. b) immunodeficiency disorder. c) autoimmune disorder. d) severe, generalized hypersensitivity reaction.

d) severe, generalized hypersensitivity reaction.

83. Which syllable has the primary accent in phagocytosis? a) fag b) o c) si d) to e) sis

d) to

31. Myeloma is a(n): a) tumor of bone tissue. b) inflammation of muscle. c) overgrowth of platelets. d) tumor of bone marrow.

d) tumor of bone marrow.

50. HIV and EBV are: a) bleeding diseases. b) types of anemia. c) fungi. d) viruses.

d) viruses.

87. Which syllable has the primary accent in angioedema? a) an b) je c) o d) eh e) de f) mah

e) de