Chapter 11 Diet and Health

What is not one of the risk factors for CVD?

high blood HDL

​ An atherogenic diet is characterized as one that is:

high in saturated fats

​ For CVD prevention, trans fat in the diet should account for less than ____ percent of calories.

10

Resting blood pressure should ideally be _____ or lower.

120 over 80

Who is most likely to respond sensitively to dietary sodium intake?

African Americans

What is one effects of malnutrition on the body's defense system?

Immune system organs decrease in size.

Which statement about carcinogens is accurate?

The body can detoxify small doses of carcinogens found in foods.

​ Laboratory studies suggest that diets high in _____ seem to promote cancer.

calories

​ Heart disease in women is characterized by:

development at a later age than in men.

​ The CDC, American Heart Association, and other groups have collaborated to create a program that encourages people to:

fill half their plate with vegetables and fruits

Which of the following must be given careful attention when feeding the person with AIDS?

food safety

Wherever dietary fat consists mostly of ____ fats and fish, fruits, and vegetables are eaten in abundance, blood cholesterol and the rate of death from heart disease are low.

unsaturated

The metabolic syndrome greatly increases a person's risk of developing:

CVD.

All of the following dietary factors are protective against CVD except:

a low-carbohydrate diet

Alcohol intake in smokers is strongly associated with cancers of the:

head and neck

Individuals with hypertension being treated with certain diuretics should consume foods rich in:

potassium

In addition to calcium, what appears to help prevent and treat hypertension in certain populations?

potassuim

The two demons in nutrition

the two demons that lead to heart disease are: Atherosclerosis: narrowing of the arteries cause by plaque build-up. Hypertension: High blood pressure

A college student who is on a high-protein diet for weight loss that restricts fruits and vegetables has just gotten a viral infection in her intestines that has made her ill. What might have made her more susceptible than her roommate who is eating regular meals in the cafeteria?

vitamin C deficiency from no fruits and vegetables has affected white blood cell protection

Which of the following raises HDL concentration?

weight loss and physical activity

​ A 58-year-old woman with hypertension and elevated LDL blood levels is complaining that she suddenly is feeling very tired, dizzy, and weak. What would you advise her to do?

​Seek immediate medical care because she may be having a heart attack.