Chapter 11; Special Senses: The Eyes and Ears

Radial Keratotomy

A Surgical procedure to treat myopia

Pterygium

A benign growth on the cornea that can become large enough to distort vision

Nyctalopia

A condition in which an individual with normal daytime vision has difficulty seeing at night

Astigmatism

A condition in which the eye does not focus properly beause of uneven curvatures in the cornea

Anisocoria

A condition in which the pupils are unequal in size

Hyperopia

A defect in which light rays focus beyond the retina

Myopia

A defect in which light rays focus in front of the retina

Amblyopia

A dimness of vision or the partial loss of sight, especially in one eye, without detectable disease of the eye

Strabismus

A disorder in which the eyes point in different directions or are not aligned correctly because the eyes muscles are unable to focus together

Otomycosis

A fungal infection of the external auditory canal

Glaucoma

A group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure that cause damage to the retinal nerve fibers and the optic nerve

Chalazion

A localized swelling inside of the eyelid reulting from obstruction of a sebaceous gland.

Hordeolum

A pus-filled lesion on the eyelid resulting from an infection in the sebaceous gland.

Fluorescin Angiography

A radiograpic study of the blood vessels in the retina of the eye following the intravenous injection of a fluorescein dye as a contrast medium

Cochlear Implant

An implanted electonic device that can give a deaf person a useful auditory understanding of the enviroment and/or hearing and help them to understand speech.

Keratitis

An inflammation of the cornea

Dacryoadenitis

An inflammation of the lacrimal gland that can be caused by bacterial, viral or fungal infection

Scleritis

An inflammation of the sclera

Iritis

An inflammation of the uveal tract affecting primarily structures in the front of the eye

Nystagmus

An involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball that can be congenital or caused by a neurological injury or drug use

Ametropia

Any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina

Otorrhagia

Bleeding from the ear

Hemianopia

Blindness in one-half of the visual field

Infectious Myringitis

Contagious inflammation that causes painful blisters on the ear drum

Blepharoptosis

Dropping of the upper eyelid that is usually due to paralysis

Xerophthalmia

Drying of eye surfaces including the conjunctiva

Ot/o

Ear, Hearing

Ophthalm/o

Eye, Vision

Opt/o

Eye, Vision

Blephar/o

Eyelid

Presbycusis

Gradual loss of sensorineural hearing that occurs with age

-Cusis

Hearing

Optometrist

Holds a Doctor of Optometry degree and specializes in measuring the accuracy of vision to determine whether corrective lenses are needed

Kerat/o

Horny, Hard, Cornea

Eustachitis

Inflammation of the eustachian tube

Otitis Media

Inflammation of the middle of the ear

Irid/o

Iris, Color part of eye

Phak/o

Lens of Eye

Presby/o

Old Age

Conjunctivitis

Pinkeye - An inflammation of the conjuctiva that is usually cause by an infection or allergy

Barotrauma

Pressure-related ear discomfort that can be caused by pressure changes when in very high or very low altitudes

Retin/o

Retina, Net

Tinnitus

Ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears.

Scler/o

Sclera, White of eye, Hard

Vertigo

Sense of whirling, dizziness, and the loss of balance, that is often combined with nausea and vomiting

Esotropia

Strabismus characterized by an inward deviation of one or both eyes

Exotropia

Strabismus characterized by the outward deviation of one eye relative to the other

Adnexa

Stucture outside of the eyeball - includes Orbit, Eye Muscles, Eyelids, Eyelashes, etc.

Papilledema

Swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the eye through optic disk

Periorbital Edema

Swelling surrounding the eye or eyes

Otosclerosis

The ankylosis of the bones of the middle ear, resulting in a conductive hearing loss

Presbyopia

The condition of common changes in the eyes that occur with aging

Ectropion

The eversion of the edge of an eyelid

Otopyorrhea

The flow of pus from the ear

Entropion

The inversion of the edge of an eyelid

Cataract

The loss of transparency of the lens that causes a progressive loss of visual clarity

Tonometry

The measurement of intraocular pressure

Emmetropia

The normal relationship between the refractive power of the eye and shape of the eye that enables light rays to focus correctly on the retina

Tarsorrhaphy

The partial, or complete, suturing together of the upper and lower eyelids

Diplopia

The perception of two images of a single object

Vitrectomy

The removal of the vitreous fluid and its replacement with a clear solution

Myringotomy

The surgical incision in the eardrum to create an opening for the placement of tympanostomy tubes

Iridectomy

The surgical removal of a portion of the tissue of the iris

Mastoidectomy

The surgical removal of mastoid cells

Stapedectomy

The surgical removal of the top portion of the stapes bone and the insertion of a small prosthetic device known as a piston that conducts sound vibration to the inner ear.

Labyrinthectomy

The surgicial removal of all or a portion of the labyrinth

Ophthalmoscopy

The visual examination of the fundus (back part) of the eye with an ophthalmoscope

Tympanostomy tubes

Tiny ventilating tubes places through the eardrum to provide ongoing drainage for fluids and to relieve pressure that can build up after childhood ear infections

Trop/o

Turn, Change

Myring/o

Tympanic Membrane, Eardrum

Tympan/o

Tympanic Membrane, Eardrum

Tympanometry

Use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear

Retinopexy

Used to reattach the detached area in a retinal detachment

Laser Trabeculoplasty

Uses a focused beam of light to create a hole in the iris of the eye

-Opia

Vision condition