Chapter 11: The Eyes
Which of the following is NOT a question that's important to ask in regards to glasses or contacts? A) When did you first start wearing them? B) How do you care for them? C) Do you share contacts? D) Do you smoke? E) How long are contacts in the eyes
D) Do you smoke? This is an important question to ask in general, but does not relate to glasses or contact wearing
What is diplopia?
Double vision
Upstarting palpebral fissures are a sign of which disease?
Down syndrome
What is glaucoma?
Elevated pressure within the eye causing nerve damage
What is hyperopia?
Farsightedness
What is presbyopia?
Farsightedness related to aging (normal)
A middle-aged client reports difficulty in reading. Which action by the nurse is appropriate to test near visual acuity using a Jaeger reading card?
Instruct the client hold the chart 14 inches from the eyes
The nurse is assessing for swelling, excessive tearing, conjunctival inflammation, corneal irritation, dryness, crusting of eyes, and nasolacrimal duct obstruction. What structure is the nurse assessing?
Lacrimal apparatus
What is amblyopia?
Lazy eye
What is macular degeneration?
Loss in the center of the field of vision
What are cataracts?
Loss of lens transparency due to thickening of protein deposits
What is strabismus?
Misalignment of the eyes
What is myopia?
Nearsightedness
What is CN II?
Optic nerve
What is consensual reaction?
Pupillary constriction in opposite eye
What is direction reaction?
Pupillary constriction in same eye
What is the Rosenbaum chart?
Small chart that helps identify the need for bifocals Hold 14 inches from patient
As part of a physical assessment, the nurse performs the confrontation test to assess the client's peripheral vision. Which test result should a nurse recognize as indicating normal peripheral vision for a client using the confrontation test?
The client and the examiner see the examiner's finger at the same time.
What is CN IV?
Trochlear nerve
How can a nurse accurately assess the distant visual acuity of a client who is non-English speaking?
Use a Snellen E chart to perform the examination
A nurse is performing a focused visual assessment on a client. The nurse assesses the pupillary response with a pen light. Both of the client's pupils immediately constrict when the light is shone into the right pupil. How should the nurse document this finding?
consensual reflexes observed
Newborns to five years old should be screened for...
strabismus
A client is diagnosed with a scotoma. What question is appropriate for the nurse to ask to obtain more data about this condition?
"Are the blind spots constant or intermittent?"
Legally blind is considered....
20/200
How many cardinal fields of gaze are there?
6
How many muscles control the eye?
6 total 4 recti (superior, lateral, medial, and inferior) 2 oblique (inferior and superior)
Geriatrics should be screened for which of the following? Select all that apply. A) Cataracts B) Macular degeneration C) Glaucoma D) Strabismus E) Amblyopia
A) Cataracts B) Macular degeneration C) Glaucoma
Which of the following is important to ask during the health history? Select all that apply. A) Last eye exam B) Infections C) Pollution exposure D) Disease E) Structural deformities
A) Last eye exam B) Infections D) Disease E) Structural deformities
What is scotomas?
Areas of loss or depressed vision within the visual field
Deviations in the cardinal fields may indicate which disease processes? Select all that apply. A) Myopia B) Brain tumor C) Cataracts D) Eye injury
B) Brain tumor D) Eye injury
Abnormal protrusion of the eyes can be due to which disease processes? Select all that apply. A) Subconjunctival hemorrhage B) Graves disease C) Ocular tumors D) Macular degeneration
B) Graves disease C) Ocular tumors
Which CN are responsible for extraocular movements?
CN IV and VI
A nurse shines a light into one eye during ocular exam and the pupil of the other constricts. The nurse interprets this as which of the following?
Consensual response
Which of the following is important to ask during the health history? Select all that apply. A) Premature birth B) Exposure to chlorine C) Trauma to eye D) Visual acuity E) Surgery on eye
A) Premature birth C) Trauma E) Surgery on eye Visual acuity is done during physical exam
What is CN VI?
Abducens nerve
Children 3-5 should be screened for....
Amblyopia
What is the confrontation test?
Gross measure of peripheral vision Compares person's peripheral vision to yours Ask person to notify when they can first see target
Lateral sparseness in the eyebrows is a sign of which disease?
Hypothyroidism
What is CN III?
Oculomotor nerve
