chapter 12
Which of the following events represents the body's third line of defense?
Adaptive response mediated by lymphocytes
Which of the following is NOT a nonspecific immune response?
B cell production of antibodies
Antibodies provided by serum from an immune donor or an animal donor do not challenge the B cells and thus provide ________.
passive immunity
Harmful or disease-causing microorganisms from which nonspecific defenses protect the body are called ________.
pathogens
Found in the wall of the small intestine, __________ capture(s) and destroy(s) bacteria before they invade the intestinal wall.
peyers patches
A person who has recovered from mumps is protected from contracting the disease again by a __________.
secondary humoral response
The body's first line of defense against the invasion of disease-causing microorganisms is ________.
skin and mucous membranes
What lymphoid organ stores platelets and acts as a blood reservoir?
spleen
Each of the following is involved in the formation of antibodies EXCEPT __________.
suppressor T cells growing and dividing very rapidly
Lymphocytes are trained to be self-tolerant of ________.
the body's own cells
Chemotaxis is best described as ________.
the movement of cells along a chemical gradient
Hannah has an auto-immune disease in which the beta cells of the pancreas are destroyed. As a result, she does not make enough insulin. What disease does she have?
type I diabetes mellitus
The injection of weakened pathogens to produce immunity is a(n) __________.
vaccination
What does fever accomplish?
Fever inhibits bacteria reproduction and speeds the repair process.
Which of the following areas is drained by the right lymphatic duct?
Right arm
Which of the following phrases best describes how the cells that form the walls of lymph capillaries aid in regulating interstitial fluid?
The edges overlap, making a mini valve.
Redness, heat, swelling, and pain are the four most common indicators of ________.
acute inflammation
Humoral immunity is provided by ________.
antibodies
Proteins secreted by plasma cells that bind to specific pathogens are called __________.
antibodies
Which one of the following is NOT one of the nonspecific body defenses?
antibody production
The production of a MAC, to create holes in the cell surface of pathogens, is the action of __________.
compliment
The most important function of the spleen is to __________.
destroy and process worn-out red blood cells
During an inflammatory response, histamine is released. This causes blood vessels to __________ and pain receptors to be activated.
dilate
Important in recruiting other cells to fight invaders, __________ can be thought of as the "directors" or "managers" of the immune system.
helper t cells
The role of NK cells is to __________.
lyse and kill nonspecific targets
Saliva and lacrimal fluid contain __________, an enzyme that destroys bacteria.
lysozyme
Natural killer cells attack the target cell's membrane by __________, which initiate disintegration of the target cell membrane and nucleus.
releasing perforins
The lymph nodes help protect the body by which of the following?
Producing lymphocytes
A(n) __________ has four cardinal signs, including pain.
inflammatory response
The substance produced by virus-infected cells that helps other cells resist viral infection is __________.
interferon
The adaptive (specific) defense system ________.
issues an attack specific to particular foreign substances
An infection commonly causes swelling and tenderness of the __________.
lymph nodes
Which of these is NOT one of the three important aspects of the adaptive defense system?
It is the third line of defense.
