chapter 12

myelin

a fatty substance that helps insulate neurons

nerve block

a type of regional anesthesia

meningocele

a type of spina bifida

analgesia

absence of pain

which type of seizure is also called a petit Mal seizure tonic-clonic seizure focal seizure absence seizure grand mal seizure

absence seizure

which layer of the meninges forms weblike filaments pia mater arachnoid layer subdural space dura mater

arachnoid layer

a nerve is a bundle of __________ carrying messages between the central nervous system and various parts of the body dendrites ganglia sulci axons

axons

anencephaly

congenital; portions of brain don't develop

medulla oblongata

connects brain to spinal cord

the condition of being awake and alert to one's surroundings is called

conscious

brainstem

contains pons and medulla oblongata

cerebellum

coordinates voluntary movement body movements

neuropathy

disease or damage to the nerves

Bell's palsy

facial paralysis

syncopy

fainting

Shingles consists of painful blisters along the spinal cord.

false

a psychologist is a physician specializing in treating mental disorders

false

a tractotomy is a surgical procedure used to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid from the brain and shunt it toward the abdominal cavity

false

brain scan

image of brain using radioactive isotopes

dementia

impaired intellectual function

which surgical procedure removes part of a vertebra to relieve pressure on a spinal nerve nerve block carotid endarerectomy cerebrospinal fluid shunt laminectomy

laminectomy

multiple sclerosis

loss of myelin sheath around neurons

which of the following diagnostic tests measures how fast an impulse travels along a nerve nerve condition velocity cerebral angiography positron emission tomography lumbar puncture

nerve condition velocity

Gullian- Barre syndrome

nerves lose their myelin covering

which of the following statements regarding neuroglia cells is not true some neuroglial cells produce myelin neuoglial cells conduct electric impulses neuoglial cells provide support for the neurons there is a variety of types of neuroglia cells

neuoglial cells conduct electric impulses (neurons do)

dementia is an example of what category of mental disorder personality disorder neurocognitive disorders eating disorder depressive disorder

neurocognitive

astrocytoma

neuroglial cell tumor

paraplegia

paralysis of the lower part of the body

the medical term for an abnormal sensation such as burning or tingling is tremor paresthesia syncope seizure

paresthesia

which of the following conditions is characterized by fine tremors, muscle rigidity, and a shuffling gait parkinsons disease bell's palsy alzheimers disease reyes syndrome

parkinsons

coma

profound unconsciousness

EEG

recording of the electrical activity of the brain

which type of anesthesia is also known as a nerve block intravenous local regional topical

regional

laminectomy

removal of part of a vertebra

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)

repeated severe blows to the head

Tonic clonic seizure

severe seizure, loss of consciousness, alternating contractions and relaxation

which of the following is one of the two main components of the central nervous system cranial nerves motor neurons ganglion spinal cord

spinal cord

CVA

stroke

which of the following conditions is a collection of blood within the meninges meningocele meningioma subdural hematoma

subdural hematoma

myelography

taking an X-ray of the spinal cord

TIA

temporary interference with blood supply to brain

which part of the brain serves as a center for relaying impulses from the eyes, ears, and skin to the cerebrum hypothalamus thalamus cerebrum pons

thalamus

Involuntary, repetitive, alternating movements of a body part is called: syncope tremor palsy paresthesia

tremor

An aura is an unusual sensation that occurs before a seizure.

true

a convulsion is the alternation between involuntary muscle contractions and relaxations

true

a person with explosive disorder is prone to extreme rages

true

symptoms of a migraine include severe head pain, nausea, and sensitivity to light

true

which of the following abbreviations stands for pathological condition in which there is a loss of the myelin sheath around nerves CVA SCI MS

MS

which of the following abbreviations is a pathological condition PET ANS EEG CP

CP

diencephalon

Contains thalamus and hypothalamus

hydrocephalus

accumulation of CSF in the ventricles of the brain

which of the following medications is used to treat minor pain anesthetic dopaminergic drugs hypnotic analgesic

analgesic

cerebral palsy

brain damage that occurs around time of birth

TBI

brain injury with a wide range of severity

which part of the brain coordinates voluntary blood movements and maintains balance cerebellum pons diencephalon cerebrum

cerebellum

tonic- clonic

grand mal seizure

which of the following terms describes the elevated portions, or convolutions, on the surface of the cerebrum synapse ventricles sulci gyri

gyri