Chapter 12: Maternal Nutrition
The nurse is planning an educational session for pregnant vegans. What information should the nurse include? A. Eating beans and rice provides complete protein needs. B. Soy is not a good source of protein for vegans. C. Rice contains a high level of vitamin B12. D. Vegan diets are high in iron.
A. Eating beans and rice provides complete protein needs. Neither rice nor beans and other legumes contain complete protein requirements on their own. However, consuming both in a meal or in a day provides for complete protein needs.
The nurse is presenting a preconception counseling class. The nurse instructs the participants that niacin intake should increase during pregnancy to promote metabolic coenzyme activity. The nurse would know that teaching has been effective if a patient suggests which of the following foods as a source of niacin? A. Fish B. Apples C. Broccoli D. Milk
A. Fish Dietary sources of niacin include meats, fish, and enriched grains.
The nurse evaluates the diet of a pregnant patient and finds that it is low in zinc. The nurse knows that zinc intake should increase during pregnancy to promote protein metabolism. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest in order to increase intake of zinc? A. Shellfish B.Banana C. Yogurt D. Cabbage
A. Shellfish Zinc is found in greatest concentration in meats and meat by-products. Enriched grains also tend to be high in zinc.
The nurse is working with a pregnant 14-year-old. The patient confides that she's concerned she may be struggling with bulimia nervosa. Which nursing observation best supports the patient's statement? A.The patient is of normal weight for her height and reports binge eating followed by purging. B.Despite being extremely underweight, the patient describes herself as being fat. C.The patient reports dietary cravings for soil and clay. D.In terms of food variety and quantity, the patient's diet is extremely restrictive.
A. The patient is of normal weight for her height and reports binge eating followed by purging. Bulimia is characterized by binge eating and purging, and individuals with bulimia nervosa often maintain normal or near-normal weight for their height. true
The nurse is preparing a prenatal class about infant feeding methods. The maternal nutritional requirements for breastfeeding and formula-feeding will be discussed. What statement should the nurse include? A."Breastfeeding requires a continued high intake of protein and calcium." B. "Formula-feeding mothers should protect their health with a lot of calcium." C."Producing breast milk requires calories, but any source of food is fine." D."Formula-feeding mothers need a high protein intake to avoid fatigue."
A."Breastfeeding requires a continued high intake of protein and calcium." Lactation requires calories, along with increased protein and calcium intake.
Which statement is best to include when teaching a pregnant adolescent about nutritional needs of pregnancy? A."It is important eat iron-rich foods like meat every day." B. "Calcium and milk aren't needed until the third trimester." C. "Folic acid intake is the key to having a healthy baby." D."You just need to pay attention to what you eat now."
A."It is important eat iron-rich foods like meat every day." Adolescents often have an iron intake that is inadequate for pregnancy. Giving specific examples are most helpful when giving nutritional information.
The nurse is conducting a postpartum home visit. The patient has been home for a week and is formula feeding her infant. Which statement by the patient indicates that she understands the teaching? A. "I have increased my caloric intake by 600 calories per day." B. "My dietician has set my weight loss goal at 1 to 2 pounds per week." C. "Instead of making another doctor's appointment, I started a diet that my best friend recommended." D. "My daily regimen includes taking extra vitamin A, vitamin C, and thiamine in order to meet my body's increased need for nutrients after pregnancy."
B. "My dietician has set my weight loss goal at 1 to 2 pounds per week." Weight loss goals of 1 to 2 lb. (0.45 to 0.9 kg)/week are usually suggested for mothers who formula feed.
The nurse is working with a pregnant teen. In order to accurately assess the teen's nutritional intake, the nurse should A. Assess laboratory values. B. Ask her to complete a 24-hour dietary recall. C.Observe for clinical signs of malnutrition D.Ask about her cooking facilities.
B. Ask her to complete a 24-hour dietary recall. A 24-hour recall is the only method listed that assesses the patient's food intake.
The nurse is leading a session on nutrition for newly delivered women. Which statement indicates that teaching has been effective? A."Because I am breastfeeding, I need a low calcium intake." B."Breastfeeding requires that I eat lots of protein daily. C."Since I am bottle-feeding, I don't have to eat vegetables." D."Bottle-feeding moms like me require a high sodium intake."
B."Breastfeeding requires that I eat lots of protein daily. Breastfeeding patients should consume 65 g of protein daily during the first six months of breastfeeding and 62 g daily during the second six months. Protein is a major ingredient in breast milk.
The breastfeeding mother is concerned that her milk production has decreased. The nurse knows that further patient teaching is needed based on which statement? A."I am drinking a minimum of 8-10 glasses of liquid a day." B."I have started cutting back on my protein intake." C."At least three times a day, I am drinking a glass of milk." D."I try to take a nap in the morning and afternoon when the baby is sleeping."
B."I have started cutting back on my protein intake." The decreased intake of protein will decrease milk production.
The school nurse is planning a class about nutrition for pregnant teens. The nurse knows that several of the pregnant teenage patients have been diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. Which should the nurse encourage the teens to consume more of in order to increase iron absorption? A.Gatorade B.Orange juice C.Milk D.Green tea
B.Orange juice Vitamin C is found in citrus fruits and juices and is known to enhance the absorption of iron from meat and non-meat sources.
The nurse is providing nutritional counseling for a postpartum patient with a hemoglobin of 8.0. Which statement indicates that additional teaching is necessary? A. "My iron is low, but it will increase as I take iron supplements." B."I need to increase food sources that contain iron." C. "If I drink lots of milk, I will increase my iron level faster." D."I might feel less energetic and tire more easily while my iron is low."
C. "If I drink lots of milk, I will increase my iron level faster." Milk does not contain iron; it contains calcium. Increased calcium intake will not increase hemoglobin levels. Further, iron should not be taken with milk, as the iron will not be absorbed.
The prenatal clinic nurse is caring for a 15-year-old primiparous patient at 8 weeks' gestation. The patient is 64 inches tall and weighs 115 pounds. The patient asks the nurse why she is supposed to gain so much weight. What is the best response by the nurse? A. "Gaining 25-35 pounds is recommended for healthy fetal growth." B. "It's what your certified nurse-midwife recommended for you." C."Inadequate weight gain delays lactation after delivery." Rationale 3 Inadequate weight gain can lead to decreased fetal growth and development. D. Weight gain is important to assure that you get enough vitamins."
C. "Inadequate weight gain delays lactation after delivery." Rationale 3 Inadequate weight gain can lead to decreased fetal growth and development. Inadequate weight gain can lead to decreased fetal growth and development.
Which patient statement on cultural or religious influences on nutrition requires intervention? A. "My grandmother makes sure I eat a serving of greens each day." B. "I avoid milk and meat at meals because I am Jewish." C. "My auntie sent me clay from the south to eat every day." D."Because I am Muslim, I do not ever eat any pork products."
C. "My auntie sent me clay from the south to eat every day." Eating clay is pica. The clay, being a type of soil, can be contaminated with hazardous substances and should be avoided. Some African Americans, especially those from the south, practice clay-eating pica. true
A pregnant patient who is a lacto-ovo vegetarian asks the nurse to help her plan a diet that includes adequate protein intake. What instruction should the nurse give? A. "Because you don't eat meat, eggs, or dairy products, it's important to eat adequate plant-based proteins." B. "To improve protein absorption, avoid simultaneous intake of animal protein and plant protein." C. "Following a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet will require you to take a daily supplement of vitamin B12." D. "In addition to eggs and dairy products, beans, peanut butter, and soy milk can be effective sources of plant-based proteins."
D. "In addition to eggs and dairy products, beans, peanut butter, and soy milk can be effective sources of plant-based proteins." A diet that includes plant proteins such as beans and rice, peanut butter on whole-grain bread, and whole-grain cereal with soymilk, helps ensure the expectant mother obtains all the essential amino acids.
The nurse is preparing an antenatal nutrition class for pregnant women. Which material should be included in the teaching? A.Dietary protein can only be obtained through consuming dairy, meat, and eggs. B. During pregnancy, consumption of oily fish should be avoided. C. Iron absorption is generally higher for vegetable products than for animal products. D.Nutritional iodine requirements generally can be met through intake of iodized salt.
D. Nutritional iodine requirements generally can be met through intake of iodized salt. Intake of iodized salt generally provides the recommended intake of iodine.
When preparing nutritional instruction, which of the following pregnant patients would the nurse consider highest priority? A. 40-year-old gravida 2 B. 22-year-old primigravida C. 35-year-old gravida 4 D.15-year-old nulligravida
D.15-year-old nulligravida Adolescent patients typically are still in their own growth cycle. Suddenly, they have to supply nutrition for themselves and the fetus. This places them at greatest risk for malnutrition.
