Chapter 12 | PrepU | Healthy Eating for Healthy Babies

The nurse evaluates the weight gain of a client in the 26th week of gestation who had a prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) of 27.5. Which weight gain thus far in the pregnancy indicates that teaching has been effective? 23.6 lbs 4.1 lbs. 19.7 lbs. 9.0 lbs.

9.0 lbs.

The nurse reviews the caloric intake requirement for a client with a prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) 21 of in the 20th week of gestation. Which client statement indicates that teaching has been effective? "I should follow the same eating pattern as I did during the 1st trimester." "I should add 400 calories per day to my diet." "I should add three additional fat servings to my meals each day." "I should eat three more so that I gain at least 20 more lbs. during the last trimester."

"I should add 400 calories per day to my diet."

A woman who is 32 weeks pregnant was diagnosed with gestational diabetes one week ago. The nurse knows that teaching has been effective when the woman states which of the following? "To prevent macrosomia, I will need to gain less weight than the recommended amount." "I should exercise if there are no medical or obstetrical complications." "I will need a minimum of 150 grams of carbohydrates daily." C." My glucose control may be improved if I allow more carbohydrates at breakfast and fewer at other meals."

"I should exercise if there are no medical or obstetrical complications."

A woman who is 10 weeks pregnant is experiencing nausea and vomiting. The nurse knows that further teaching is needed if the woman makes which of the following statements? "I should eat dry crackers before getting out of bed in the morning." "I should increase my fiber intake, especially whole-grain breads and cereals." "I should avoid liquids with meals." "I should eat small, frequent meals."

"I should increase my fiber intake, especially whole-grain breads and cereals."

The nurse is seeing a client who has lost 5 lbs in the second trimester of her pregnancy. Which statement by the pregnant woman indicates that she may be experiencing pica? "I get nauseated after I eat." "I am having severe diarrhea." "I want to eat only ice." "I eat only one meal, and that is in the evening."

"I want to eat only ice."

A mother who just delivered her baby is positive for HIV. The mother asks the nurse if she can breastfeed her infant. Which of the following is the best response by the nurse? "There is no evidence that your baby will be exposed to HIV if you breastfeed." "You may breastfeed as long as you pump and give your baby expressed breast milk." "No, you should not breastfeed because you are positive for HIV." "You may breastfeed as long as you take your HIV meds and do not miss any doses."

"No, you should not breastfeed because you are positive for HIV."

A client is concerned about the recommendation to eat 8 oz of fish per week because of the mercury content in fish. What statement by the nurse best explains this recommendation? "The benefit of DHA and omega-3 offset the mercury content in the approved list of fish to consume." "There is so little mercury in all fish that you shouldn't worry about it." "Eating fish is not necessary and you can receive these nutrients elsewhere." "Your best bet to consume the least amount of mercury and get the benefit of fish would be to eat bigeye tuna."

"The benefit of DHA and omega-3 offset the mercury content in the approved list of fish to consume."

The nurse is seeing a client who is trying to get pregnant. The client asks whether or not she should stop drinking alcohol. Which of the following responses by the nurse is correct? "You should completely avoid alcohol before and during pregnancy." "Fetal alcohol syndrome is rare with minimal alcohol intake" "The claim that alcohol is a potent teratogen during pregnancy is unfounded." "It is safe to continue drinking wine at dinner until your pregnancy is confirmed."

"You should completely avoid alcohol before and during pregnancy."

The recommended amount of folic acid to be consumed every day by all pregnant women is how much? 400 ug. 600 ug. 100 ug. 200 ug.

600 ug

Gestational hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to _____ mmHg or a diastolic reading greater than or equal to 90 mmHg with onset after 20 weeks of gestation and without proteinuria. Enter the correct number ONLY.

140

A client has asked the nurse, "What is the recommended intake for iron during pregnancy?" What is the nurse's correct response? 45 mg/day 18 mg/day 27 mg/day 35 mg/day

27 mg/day

The nurse is discussing weight gain with a group of pregnant women in a prenatal clinic. One of the women in the group has been measured with a body mass index (BMI) of 17.5. The nurse knows this client should gain how much weight during her pregnancy? 28 to 40 pounds 30 to 50 pounds 40 to 50 pounds 20 to 30 pounds

28 to 40 pounds

The client should consume _____ cups of dairy throughout the pregnancy.

3

Women with a BMI equal to or greater than _________ are considered obese. Enter the correct number ONLY.

30

Women ________ years or older are associated with high-risk pregnancy. Enter the correct number ONLY.

35

Women who are underweight prepregnancy (BMI < 18.5) are encouraged to gain 28 to ______ pounds in pregnancy. Enter the correct number ONLY.

40

An extra _____ calories per day for the second 6 months are recommended for women who exclusively breastfeed. Enter the correct number ONLY.

400

The recommended dosage of folate for nonpregnant women is _____ μg.

400

The nurse knows that nutrient needs do not increase proportionately. What percentage does iron intake need to increase during pregnancy? Enter the correct number ONLY.

50 percent

Women use approximately _____ calories above their normal total daily calorie needs to produce breast milk. Enter the correct number ONLY.

500

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that infants be exclusively breastfed for the first ______ months of life. Enter the correct number ONLY.

6

A pregnant woman in the second trimester of her fourth pregnancy is wondering what foods she should eat to increase her intake of iron. Which of the following menus should the nurse recommend? one medium size orange,1/2 cup oatmeal, 8 oz. whole milk 6 oz. chicken, 1/2 cup of lima beans, one baked potato with skin on 2 oz hamburger without the bun, 6 small boiled potatoes without the skin, 1/2 cup carrots 8 dried prunes, 2 slices toast from homemade bread, 1 oz. peanut butter

6 oz. chicken, 1/2 cup of lima beans, one baked potato with skin on

The nurse is teaching a class for prenatal nutrition, focusing on teratogens. What food source should the nurse include as a teratogen? Sugar Alcohol Prenatal Vitamins Caffeine

Alcohol

The nurse is seeing a client in her first trimester of pregnancy. The client asks at what rate and how much weight she should gain. The nurse should inform the client that the amount of weight she needs to gain is based on which pre-pregnancy factor? weight Percent body fat height BMI

BMI

Which of the following statements express the basic principles of healthy eating before, during, and after pregnancy? Select all that apply. Eat lean protein foods. Use saturated fats when preparing foods. Eat whole-grain bread and cereals. Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables. Drink whole milk.

Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables. Eat whole-grain bread and cereals. Eat lean protein foods.

According to Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), pregnant women need to begin adding at least 250 calories during the first trimester. This statement is: True False

False

The nurse is seeing a pregnant woman who has phenylketonuria (PKU). The client should be taught which of the following? Fewer calories should be consumed to prevent a large for gestational age infant. Foods high in phenylalanine are meat, fish, poultry, and dairy products. A regular diet will not provide an excessive intake of phenylalanine. Artificial sweeteners, such as aspartame (NutraSweet), should be substituted for suga

Foods high in phenylalanine are meat, fish, poultry, and dairy products.

Nutritional requirements for which of the following increase from 18 mg for nonpregnant women to 27 mg during pregnancy? Iron Vitamin A Protein Calories

Iron

When educating high school students about adolescent pregnancy, which teaching will the nurse give? It increases health risks to both infant and mother. Nutrient stores are adequate since physical maturity ha sbeen reached by age 15. Adolescent mothers are less likely to smoke while pregnant. They tend to seek out prenatal care earlier and more often.

It increases health risks to both infant and mother.

The nurse is teaching a pregnant client about safety issues during a prenatal visit. The nurse advises the client that infection with which foodborne organism typically results in spontaneous abortion or stillbirth? Listeria monocytogenes Clostridium perfringens Salmonella Escherichia coli

Listeria monocytogenes

The nurse is educating a pregnant client and instructs her to avoid deli meats and unpasteurized cheeses. This is because of risk of infection with: Listeria monocytogenes. Escherichia coli. Toxoplasma gondii. Staphylococcus aureus.

Listeria monocytogenes.

Food-borne risks are more dangerous during pregnancy. Which of the following statements about listeriosis and pregnancy is CORRECT? Listeriosis during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, premature delivery, or neonatal infection. Pregnant women should not consume any type of cheese or any products made with cheese. Pregnant women are 10 times more likely to get listeriosis than other healthy adults. Symptoms are severe during pregnancy and include vomiting, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea.

Listeriosis during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, premature delivery, or neonatal infection.

Which of the following statements about preeclampsia are CORRECT? Select all that apply. Symptomatology of preeclampsia includes gestational hypertension and proteinuria. Preeclampsia is 2 times more common in overweight women. Proper nutrition during pregnancy will prevent preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is 3 times more common in obese women. Taking calcium during pregnancy will cure preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia is 2 times more common in overweight women. Preeclampsia is 3 times more common in obese women. Symptomatology of preeclampsia includes gestational hypertension and proteinuria.

The nurse suspects that a client in the 10th week of gestation would benefit from a nutritional supplement. Which information in the client's prenatal history did the nurse use to make this clinical determination? Smokes 5 cigarettes a day Eats fish several times a week Drinks 3 glasses of skim milk a day Consumes red meat twice a week

Smokes 5 cigarettes a day

A client in the 8th week of gestation is experiencing nausea and vomiting every morning and throughout the day. What should the nurse suggest to help with this client's nutritional status? Snack on dry crackers and hard candy throughout the day Avoid coffee and other caffeinated beverages Drink 8-8 ounce glasses of water each day Sip on warm water with lemon juice in the morning

Snack on dry crackers and hard candy throughout the day

The nurse is seeing a client with gestational diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse consider when planning long term care for this client? The client was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus before her pregnancy. The client will be insulin-dependent for at least 3 months after pregnancy. The client will not need nutrition management until after pregnancy. The client is at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

The client is at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

The nurse is providing a list to include which of the following types of fish that should not be eaten by women who are pregnant or breastfeeding? Select all that apply. Salmon Albacore/white tuna Tilefish King mackerel Shark

Tilefish Shark King mackerel

The nurse knows that what vitamin will be lacking in clients who do not consume animal products? Vitamin B12 Vitamin D Vitamin B6 Vitamin C

Vitamin B12

The nurse is providing prenatal education to a group of pregnant couples. The nurse should include in the teaching that low-birth-weight (LBW) infants are associated with which of the following later in life? Select all that apply. dyslipidemia cardiovascular disease hypertension type 1 diabetes BMI of 18.5

cardiovascular disease hypertension dyslipidemia

The nurse is seeing a client who is not taking birth control and is considering pregnancy. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make for this client? plan to gain 10 pounds in the first trimester. increase daily intake by 500 calories avoid aerobic exercise consume 400 micrograms (ug) per day of folic acid.

consume 400 micrograms (ug) per day of folic acid.

A breastfeeding mother who lives in Florida and runs two miles every morning asks how much fluid is needed while she is breastfeeding. Which of the following is the nurse's best response? drink at least four 8-ounce glasses of whole milk every day. drink when she is thirsty, since thirst is a good indicator of fluid need. drink extra fluid to increase her milk supply since she exercises every day. drink a glass of fluid every time the baby nurses and a glass of fluid with each meal.

drink a glass of fluid every time the baby nurses and a glass of fluid with each meal.

The nurse is seeing a [pregnant client who reports having constipation. The nurse should recommend which of the following interventions? eating small frequent meals and eliminate liquids immediately after meals decreasing intake of whole-grain breads and cereals drinking at least eight 8-oz glasses of liquid daily avoiding coffee and high-fat foods

drinking at least eight 8-oz glasses of liquid daily

A healthy 22-year-old pregnant woman who is having a low-risk pregnancy is currently in her first trimester should be encouraged to do which of the following? participate in contact sports if she was involved before she became pregnant. be in supine position for physical activity during the second and third trimesters. engage in safe exercise, paying attention to fall risk. get at least 20 minutes of low-impact exercise three times a week.

engage in safe exercise, paying attention to fall risk.

Women with a BMI of 22 should be evaluated for eating disorders and distorted body image. This statement is: true. false.

false

A client who is pregnant is concerned about eating fish due to the risk of consuming methylmercury. The nurse should recommend she avoid what type of fish to decrease the exposure to mercury? tuna king mackerel trout salmon

king mackerel

A pregnant woman has come to the clinic for her first prenatal visit. The nurse is assessing her for a high-risk pregnancy. Which disorder is most likely to result from a high-risk pregnancy due to inadequate nutrition? diabetes insipidus low-birth-weight infant large-for-gestational-age infant constipation

low-birth-weight infant

The nurse is seeing a pregnant client who states she drinks approx. 24 ounces of coffee per day. The nurse should explain to the client that a high intake of caffeine during pregnancy is associated with which of the following? learning disabilities preterm birth. low-birth-weight newborns. birth defects.

low-birth-weight newborns.

An expectant mother, pregnant with her third baby, is due in 6 weeks. She does not like milk or ready-to-eat cereals. She often leaves for her office job before the sun comes up and does not get home until after dark. The nurse knows that this pregnant woman needs vitamin D supplements for which of the following reasons? reduce the risk of abnormal neonatal bone metabolism. reduce her risk for anemia. stimulate release of phosphorous from the bones. maintain serum levels of vitamin K for the infant after birth.

reduce the risk of abnormal neonatal bone metabolism.

The nurse knows that obesity during pregnancy is associated with all of the following EXCEPT: gestational diabetes. preeclampsia. gestational hypertension. small for gestational age infant.

small for gestational age infant.

Nonnutritive sweeteners, consumed at levels within the U.S. Food and Drug Administration guidelines, are believed to be safe for all pregnant women unless the woman has phenylketonuria. This statement is: false. true.

true

A woman who smokes is ____ as likely to deliver a low-birth-weight baby. four times twice half one quarter

twice