chapter 12 quiz

People may unconsciously harbor negative racial associations. This best illustrates the subtle nature of

implicit prejudice

Victoria is a fifth grader at Carson Elementary School. Like most students in her school, she believes that Carson Elementary School is the best school in the town. This example best illustrates

ingroup bias

The concept of a superordinate goal is best illustrated by

the efforts of management and labor to produce a fuel-efficient automobile that will outsell any car on the market

While working on wedding preparations, Jamal conforms to the expectations of his future bride's family, simply to win their favor. His behavior illustrates the importance of

normative social influence

_____ is unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Altruism

The phenomenon in which the greater the number of people present means the less likely each individual is to help someone in distress is called the

bystander effect

Juan is watching a presidential debate on television and is keenly paying attention to the candidates' arguments. At the end of the debate, Juan says "I agree with many of the third-party candidate's arguments." Juan is influenced by

central route persuasion

During a test, Abe succumbed to temptation and copied several answers from a nearby student's paper. He felt very uncomfortable about having done this, until he convinced himself that copying answers is not wrong if classmates are careless enough to expose their test sheets. Which theory best explains why Abe adopted this new attitude?

cognitive dissonance theory

Equity and self-disclosure are important to the development of

companionate love

In Milgram's experiments, participants were torn between whether they should respond to the pleas of the learner or the demands of the _____.

experimenter

Researchers asked homeowners for permission to install a large, poorly lettered sign in their front yards. Only 17 percent of the homeowners consented. Researchers then approached different homeowners and asked if they could post a small, neatly lettered sign. Nearly all agreed. Then, when asked two weeks later if they could post the large, ugly sign, 76 percent of this second group consented. The results of this experiment support

the foot-in-the-door phenomenon

When temperatures go up in summer, the rates of violent crimes increase. This is best explained in terms of

the frustration-aggression principle

You've stopped at a diner for a cup of coffee, and the waitress yells at you when you sit at a table that has not been cleared. Affronted, you are convinced that she should find another line of work—one in which her angry personality will not interfere with her job. However, you disregard the possibility that the restaurant is short of help that day. You have just fallen prey to

the fundamental attribution error

What is the phenomenon in which the repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases the liking of them?

the mere exposure effect