chapter 12 study questions

Which of the following is the POOREST source of iodine? A. Apricots B. Milk C. Shrimp D. Iodized salt

Apricots

Which is NOT a factor in determining the rates of iron absorption? A. Blood glucose levels B. Levels of iron stores C. Presence of vitamin C in foods D. Form of iron ingested

Blood glucose levels

Which of the following is a copper-containing plasma protein that converts iron to a form that can be transported and stored? A. Ceruloplasmin B. Ferritin C. Hemoglobin D. Transferrin

Ceruloplasmin

which of the following is true regarding iron absorption and transport in the body? a. transferrin transports iron from mucosal cells of the small intestine into the bloodstream. b. iron is absorbed entirely through passive mechanisms c. the body is to capable of absorbing any significant amount of iron d. iron is absorbed in either the ferrous or ferric form.

transferrin transports iron from mucosal cells of the small intestine into the bloodstream.

sexual maturation is related to body stores of a. copper b. iron c. zinc d. selenium

zinc

Which of the following groups is at risk for zinc deficiency in the United States? A. Children aged 1-3 years B. Adults older than 71 years of age C. Adolescent boys D. All of the above

All of the above

Which statement regarding antioxidant supplements is FALSE? a. Some antioxidant supplements can actually enhance oxidation. b. The optimum dose of each antioxidant is unknown. c. Supplements cannot replace the benefits of eating antioxidant-rich foods. d. Antioxidant enzyme supplements have been shown to boost defenses.

Antioxidant enzyme supplements have been shown to boost defenses.

Which of the following statements is true regarding copper absorption? A. Zinc promotes the absorption of copper. B. About 80% of copper is absorbed. C. Vitamin C enhances copper absorption. D. By inhibiting zinc absorption, phytates may enhance the copper absorption.

By inhibiting zinc absorption, phytates may enhance the copper absorption.

How does chromium affect blood glucose levels? A. Chromium decreases blood glucose. B. Chromium increases blood glucose. C. Chromium has no effect on blood glucose. D. There is insufficient research on the chromium-blood glucose connection.

Chromium decreases blood glucose.

Identify the most accurate statement regarding copper. A. Copper deficiency usually causes iron-deficiency anemia. B. Copper deficiency may result in zinc deficiency. C. High copper intake can cause osteoporosis. D. Copper excess may cause changes in hair color.

Copper deficiency usually causes iron-deficiency anemia.

Which is the most sensitive indicator of iron stores in the body? A. Ferritin B. Hematocrit C. Hemoglobin D. Transferrin

Ferritin

Which statement about fluoride is FALSE? A. Fluoride is poorly absorbed, with only ~20% transported across the intestine. B. Calcium containing foods decrease fluoride absorption. C. Fluoridated water typically contains 0.7-1.2 ppm fluoride. D. Fluoride has the greatest effect on caries prevention before age 13.

Fluoride is poorly absorbed, with only ~20% transported across the intestine.

______________ is not a component of an antioxidant enzyme. A. Copper B. Iodine C. Selenium D. Zinc

Iodine

What is the function of iodine? A. Iodine increases blood pressure. B. Iodine is an essential component of the thyroid hormones. C. Iodine decreases the basal metabolic rate. D. Iodine stimulates the synthesis of thyroid-stimulating hormones.

Iodine is an essential component of the thyroid hormones.

What is the function of iron in the body? A. It regulates protein function in the body. B. It is essential for delivering oxygen to cells. C. It transports important nutrients to cells. D. It helps to maintain the body at a slightly acidic pH.

It is essential for delivering oxygen to cells.

Which statement about manganese toxicity is FALSE? A. Toxic levels can occur in mineworkers exposed to manganese dust. B. Manganese toxicity damages the nervous system. C. Manganese toxicity is not the result of eating manganese-containing foods. D. Manganese toxicity is a common cause of birth defects.

Manganese toxicity is a common cause of birth defects.

How do high intakes of zinc affect copper absorption? a. high zinc intake inhibits the synthesis of the protein metallothionein in the mucosal cells. b. metallothionein binds zinc more tightly than it binds copper. c. excess zinc int eh diet stimulates the production of a protein that binds copper d. metallothionein binds copper, preventing it form being released into the blood.

Metallothionein binds copper, preventing it from being released into the blood.

Which of the following statements about Keshan disease is FALSE? a. A virus appears to be involved. b. It causes an enlarged heart and poor heart function. c. Middle aged men are most at risk. d. Keshan disease occurred in areas of China where soil selenium is very low.

Middle aged men are most at risk.

______________ is needed to activate enzymes and in the production of uric acid. A. Chromium B. Molybdenum C. Selenium D. Zinc

Molybdenum

what is known about molybdenum? a. molybdenum plays an important role in regulating blood pressure. b. molybdenum deficiency has been frequently reported in the scientific journals c. a recommended dietary allowance (RDA) has not yet been established for molybdenum. d. molybdenum in food varies with its content of the soil where the food is produced

Molybdenum in food varies with its content of the soil where the food is produced

Which statement about overt chronic chromium deficiency is correct? A. It may in part explain the obesity epidemic in the US. B. It is common in the U.S. since so many processed foods are consumed. C. Overt chronic chromium deficiency may occur in malnourished children. D. Chromium deficiency results in high blood pressure and increased risk of stroke.

Overt chronic chromium deficiency may occur in malnourished children.

Which of the following is an excellent source of selenium? A. Salmon B. Kiwi C. Potato D. Drinking water

Salmon

Which is NOT a plentiful source of zinc? A. Beef B. Refried beans C. Saltine crackers D. Yogurt

Saltine crackers

Which mineral protects against oxidative damage and also helps synthesize thyroid hormone? A. Copper B. Manganese C. Selenium D. Zinc

Selenium

______________ is a component of the antioxidant enzyme gluthathione peroxidase. A. Molybdenum B. Nickel C. Selenium D. Boron

Selenium

Which statement about chromium supplementation is the most accurate? a. Supplementation may improve the symptoms of type 2 diabetes. b. Chromium supplementation increases lean body mass. c. It leads to weight loss. d. It may improve athletic performance.

Supplementation may improve the symptoms of type 2 diabetes.

what is true about trace elements? a. boron may be involved in vitamin C metabolism. b. the arsenic that occurs in foods is nontoxic c. nickel plays a role in calcium deposition in the bones d. silicon promotes muscle contraction and relaxation.

The arsenic that occurs in foods is nontoxic

What role does selenium have in cancer development? A. The incidence of lung, prostate, and colon cancer decreased in one selenium-supplemented group. B. The incidence of skin cancer is low when selenium intake is high. C. Selenium has no effect on cancer development. D. Selenium supplements have been shown to benefit the general population.

The incidence of lung, prostate, and colon cancer decreased in one selenium-supplemented group.

how are selenium and vitamin E related? a. they promote the production of peroxides in the blood. b. they stimulate free radical formation. c. they help protect cells from oxidative damage d. they help produce glutathione peroxidase

They protect cells from oxidative damage

Which statement is FALSE regarding the function of zinc in the body? A. Zinc is a cofactor for many enzymes. B. Zinc is needed for development of sex organs. C. Zinc is needed for growth and tissue repair. D. Zinc is needed for synthesis of vitamin E.

Zinc is needed for synthesis of vitamin E.

What is the role of zinc in gene expression? a. zinc stimulates the production of metallothionein by binding to a regulatory factor b. zinc deactivates the transcription of the gene for the metallothionein protein c. zinc promotes the production of the transport proteins that are involved in protein synthesis. d. zinc transcribes the gene that synthesizes the protein receptor.

Zinc stimulates the production of metallothionein by binding to a regulatory factor

Which statement about zinc toxicity is FALSE? A. It can lower HDL cholesterol. B. It may occur from food and beverage contamination by galvanized containers. C. Zinc toxicity interferes with the function of iron in superoxide dismutase. D. It can decrease immune function.

Zinc toxicity interferes with the function of iron in superoxide dismutase

Iodine deficiency often causes an enlarged thyroid gland resulting in: A. blockage of arteries leading to the heart. B. a Dowager's hump. C. a goiter. D. shortness of breath.

a goiter

iron sources include: a. heme iron from animal products b. heme iron from plant products c. heme iron from cooking utensils d. none of these.

a. heme iron from animal products

_______ is an inherited condition that causes individuals to absorb and accumulate too much iron. a. hemochromatosis b. hematocrit absorption syndrome c. hyperferritosis d. reverse anemia

a. hemochromatosis

the body regulates zinc absorption by: a. producing metallothionein when intake levels are high b. increasing absorption when intake levels are high c. decreasing absorption when intake levels are low. d. increasing copper absorption when zinc intake is high

a. producing metallothionein when intake levels are high

which of the following is a true statement about iron requirements? a. the RDA for young adult women is higher than the RDA young adult men. b. for adolescents 14 to 18 years of age, the RDA is the same for males and females. c. iron requirements increase after menopause d. babies should not be fed iron-containing formulas, because of the risk of toxicity.

a. the RDA for young adult women is higher than the EDA of young adult men.

An important function of iron in the body is to transport oxygen as part of hemoglobin or myoglobin. a. True b. False

a. true

Molybdenum content of soil affects the amount found in food. a. true b. false

a. true

Pica is the compulsive ingestion of nonfood substances such as clay, laundry starch, and paint chips. a. True b. False

a. true

The presence of trace elements in the diet is small, making them difficult to study. a. True b. False

a. true

Trace elements are needed in minute amounts, but deficiencies can be as devastating as deficiencies of other nutrients. a. True b. False

a. true

acute toxicity of iron may be fatal a. true b. false

a. true

superoxide dismutase, which is vital for protecting cells against free radicals, may contain zinc. a. true b. false

a. true

zinc and copper compete for absorption in the body a. true b. false

a. truue

Which statement about iodine and the thyroid gland is true? a. Without iodine, thyroid hormones cannot be made, causing the thyroid gland to enlarge. b. Iodine deficiency increases the production of thyroid hormones. c. Metabolic rate increases with insufficient thyroid hormones. d. More than three-fourths of the iodine in the body is located in the thyroid gland.

a. without iodine, thyroid hormones cannot be made, causing the thyroid gland to enlarge

Iron stores that are higher than normal but not at a toxic level may be associated with: A. an increased risk of cancer and heart disease. B. hyper-hemoglobinemia. C. an improved immune system. D. increased stamina and endurance.

an increased risk of cancer and heart disease

The symptoms of zinc deficiency include all of the following EXCEPT: A. hair loss. B. impaired reproduction. C. anemia. D. reduced immune function.

anemia

All of the following are adequate sources of nonheme iron EXCEPT: A. apples. B. enriched white rice. C. garbanzo beans. D. spinach.

apples

Which of the following are trace elements? a. Vanadium, arsenic, sulfur, chloride b. Boron, vanadium, magnesium c. Nickel, silicon, magnesium, sulfur d. Arsenic, boron, nickel, silicon

arsenic, boron, nickel, silicon

The primary role of iodine in the body is: A. as an antioxidant. B. as a cofactor in hemoglobin synthesis. C. as a component of thyroid hormones. D. participation in carbohydrate metabolism

as a component of thyroid hormones.

all of these substances decrease non-heme iron absorption except: a. fiber b. tannins c. ascorbic acid d. oxalates

ascorbic acid **** know!!!

chromium competes with zinc to bind to the transfer protein transferrin for transport in blood. a. true b. false

b. false

selenium functions as an antioxidant by neutralizing free radicals. a. true b. false

b. false

zinc is not significantly involved in the process of gene expression a. true b. false

b. false

mottled teeth re caused by an overabundance of which mineral? a. calcium b. fluoride c. molybdenum d. chromium

b. fluoride

adequate ___ status decreases absorption of lead. a. chromium b. iron/Fe c. zinc d. manganese

b. iron/Fe

high intakes of zinc stimulate the synthesis of _____ in the mucosal cells. a. ferritin b. metallothionein c. transferrin d. zinc oxide dismutase

b. metallothionein

which is the true statement about iron losses? a. when red blood cells die, the iron in the cells is excreted. b. most loss of iron from the body is associated with blood loss. c. there is significant loss of iron through the urinary tract. d. iron from red blood cells binds to calcium and is excreted through the large intestine.

b. most loss of iron from the body is associated with blood loss.

all of the following statements are true of selenium EXCEPT: a. selenium deficiency can lead to a heart disease called KAshan disease b. selenium supplementation above the RDA can reduce the incidence of lung, prostate, and colon cancers. c. selenium supplements could increase the incidence of skin cancer d. seafood is an excellent source of selenium

b. selenium supplementation above the RDA can reduce the incidence of lung, prostate, and colon cancers.

which of the following statements is true regarding zinc deficiency? a. symptomatic deficiency is only found in those who lack the ability to absorb zinc. b. symptoms often resemble deficiencies of other nutrients c. Americans typically consume more than the recommended amount of zinc. d. a diet high in phytates, fiber, tannins, and oxalates decrease the risk of deficiency.

b. symptoms often resemble deficiencies of other nutrients.

which of the following would not enhance absorption of the iron found in supplements? a. consuming the supplement with a meal containing beef. b. taking it with a calcium supplement c. taking the supplement with a meal containing fish d. consuming it with orange juice

b. taking it with a calcium supplement

which of the following statements is true about fluoride? a. aluminum cookware increases fluoride content of food. b. teflon increases fluoride content of food. c. toothpaste doesn't contribute significantly to fluoride in the body. d. tea is a significant source of fluorine in the body.

b. teflon increases fluoride content of food

Which of the following statements is NOT true of chromium? a. After absorption, chromium is bound to transferrin for transport in the blood. b. When chromium is deficient, insulin production slows. c. Chromium is involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. d. Chromium is needed for normal insulin action.

b. when chromium is deficient, insulin production slows

what contributes to the loss of iron? a. blood loss b. non-heme iron c. decreased solubility d. transferrin receptors

blood loss

iron is transports in what protein? a. hemoglobin b. heme c. blood transferrin d. ferritin

c. blood transferrin

in the body, copper must be transported bound to protein because: a. it is not water soluble b. it is only fat-soluble c. free copper ions can trigger oxidation, leading to cellular damage d. free copper is inactive

c. free copper ions can trigger oxidation, leading to cellular damage

What affect does iodine deficiency have on the thyroid gland? a. thyroid-stimulating hormone causes the thyroid gland to release iodine. b. iodine deficiency deactivates thyroid hormones c. iodine deficiency stimulates the thyroid gland to enlarge to take up iodine. d. iodine deficiency stimulates the release of thyroid hormones.

c. iodine deficiency stimulates the thyroid gland to enlarge to take up iodine.

which of the following is not a true statement? a. cooking in iron skillet can provide dietary iron b. vitamin C enhances iron absorption. c. phytates in cereal enhance the absorption of iron d. calcium supplements decrease iron absorption

c. phytates in cereal enhance the absorption of iron

A low selenium diet has been most highly associated with: a. arthritis. b. cancer. c. dementia. d. diabetes.

cancer

insulin must have ___ to work properly. a. iron b. chromium c. manganese d. copper

chromium

One form of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), which has antioxidant properties, contains the trace element ______________. A. iron B. copper C. sulfur D. sodium

copper

if your diet is adequate in iron and you are still anemic, the problem might be ____ absorption. a. copper b. zinc c. chromium d. selenium

copper

why might copper deficiency lead to anemia? a. copper maintains the integrity of the hemoglobin molecule b. copper containing proteins are required for iron transport c. copper is an essential element in the formation of the myoglobin d. copper deficiency causes vitamin C deficiency thereby reducing iron absorption.

copper-containing proteins are required for iron transport.

Iodine deficiency during pregnancy may cause ______________ in the offspring. A. cretinism B. neural tube defects C. fetal goiter syndrome D. hypoglycemia

cretinism

superoxide dismutase may contain: a. zinc b. copper c. manganese d. all of these

d. all of these

the anemia associated with iron deficiency is called: a. microcytic anemia b. hypochronic anemia c. iron deficiency anemia d. all of these are associated with iron deficiency

d. all of these are associated with iron deficiency

iron is stored in what protein? a. hemoglobin b. heme c. blood transferrin d. ferritin

d. ferritin

common trace mineral deficiencies in the US and worldwide are: a. copper and nickel b. selenium and chromium c. cobalt and manganese d. iron and iodine

d. iron and iodine

which of the following is not true regarding iodine? a. More than half the iodine in the body is located in the thyroid gland. b. Iodine is an essential component of thyroid hormones. c. Iodine levels in the body are controlled by thyroid-stimulating hormone. d. None of these.

d. none of these

which of the following is true about zinc absorption? a. when zinc intake is low, zinc absorption decreases. b. when zinc intake is high, zinc absorption increases c. when zinc intake is low, zinc absorption halts d. when zinc intake is high, zinc absorption decreases

d. when zinc intake is high, zinc absorption decreases.

when the intake of _____ is high, copper absorption into the blood is inhibited. a. iodine b. fluoride c. chromium d. zinc

d. zinc

Fluoride has shown to be most effective in preventing: a. colon cancer. b. dental caries. c. osteomalacia. d. obesity.

dental caries.

Most of the fluoride in the U.S. comes from: A. drinking water and toothpaste. B. dark green and yellow vegetables. C. tea. D. seafood and treated salt.

drinking water and toothpaste.

since iron is water-soluble, toxicity is not a worry. Any excess iron that is ingested is urinated and does not cause health problems. a. true b. false

false

Which statement is true of fluoride? a. Breast milk is high in fluoride. b. Fluoride in saliva increases acid produced by bacteria. c. Fluoride is attracted to calcium and usually is associated with strong bones and teeth. d. Very little, 20 to 30 percent, of fluoride is absorbed.

fluoride is attracted to calcium and usually is associated with strong borns and teeth.

Substances that interfere with the utilization of iodine or with the function of the thyroid gland are called: A. thyroxin interference aggregates. B. goitrogens. C. homeostatic decoupling agents. D. cretinoids.

goitrogens

Iron is a component of the protein, ______________ that binds and transports oxygen in the bloodstream. a. ferritin b. albumin c. hemoglobin d. myoglobin

hemoglobin

Iodine deficiency during childhood and adolescence has been known to cause: A. premature baldness. B. impaired mental function. C. cancer risk in later life. D. sudden death.

impaired mental function.

Chromium is thought to work by: A. binding to insulin. B. slowing the absorption of glucose. C. interacting with the insulin receptor. D. stimulating the pancreas.

interacting with the insulin receptor.

Which trace mineral is an essential component of thyroid hormones? a. chromium. b. iodine. c. iron. d. selenium. e. zinc.

iodine

the trace mineral closely associated with basal metabolic rate is: a. zinc b. iodine c. copper d. selenium

iodine

the use of ____ has virtually eliminated goiter from North America a. enriched flour b. iodized salt c. corn oil margarine d. low fat milk

iodized salt

lack of which trace element is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide? a. copper b. zinc c. iron d. iodine

iron

the trace mineral required for normal blood hemoglobin level is a. chromium b. iron c. copper d. manganese

iron

According to the World Health Organization, the number one nutritional disorder worldwide is: a. beriberi. b. iron deficiency anemia. c. goiter d. pellagra e. zinc deficiency.

iron deficiency anemia

Fluoride reduces dental cavities by a. destroying mouth bacteria b. preventing acid formation c. making tooth enamel harder d. decreasing resistance to sticky sweets

making tooth enamel harder

Excess fluoride consumption may cause: A. arthritis. B. diarrhea. C. hives and dermatitis. D. mottled teeth.

mottled teeth

zinc transport proteins: a. export zinc to the lumen when zinc intake is high. b. move zinc from the lumen to the mucosal cells when zinc intake is high. c. stimulate metallothionine synthesis, regardless of zinc intake. d. inhibit metallothionine synthesis, regardless of zinc intake

move zinc from the lumen to the mucosal cells when zinc intake is high

all of these substance inhibit trace mineral absorption except: a. phytates b. tannins c. myoglobin d. oxalates

myoglobins

trace minerals are: a. need by the body in 100 milligram amounts or more b. needed by the body in 100 milligram amounts or less c. found in foods in 100 milligrams per serving or less d. found in foods in 100 milligrams per serving or more

needed by the body in 100 milligram amounts or less

The following are physiologic roles of copper EXCEPT: A. connective tissue synthesis. B. maintenance of heart muscle. C. normal sexual development. D. functioning of the central nervous system.

normal sexual development.

The best dietary sources of manganese are: A. fruits and vegetables. B. nuts and whole grains. C. meats. D. dairy products.

nuts and whole grains.

The richest source(s) of copper in the diet is (are): A. organ meats such as liver and kidney. B. brewer's yeast. C. avocados. D. chicken and turkey.

organ meats such as liver and kidney.

trace mineral toxicity might be seen in cases of a. overeating high protein foods b. overuse of mineral supplements c. starvation d. overeating fruits and vegetables

overuse of mineral supplements

Zinc deficiency in Iranian and Egyptian men occurred because: A. they did not eat meat. B. the diet was low in zinc since local soils were low in zinc. C. they consumed diets high in animal protein, which inhibits zinc absorption. D. phytates in the diet bound zinc, decreasing its bioavailability.

phytates in the diet bound zinc, decreasing its bioavailability.

A compulsion to eat non-food items such as laundry starch, clay or ice is called: A. anemia. B. obsessive-compulsive disorder. C. pica. D. retrogression.

pica

Copper deficiency is most likely to occur in: A. pre-term infants. B. children aged 1-3. C. adolescents. D. the elderly.

pre-term infants.

hemoglobin and myoglobin are a. proteins that carry oxygen b. enzymes that promote lipid metabolism c. hormones necessary for energy production d. calcium deficiency disease

proteins that carry oxygen

Of the following, ______________ is (are) the best source of zinc. A. apples B. refined grains C. chocolate D. red meat

red meat

the most absorbable dietary source of iron is a. red meat b. dairy products c. green leafy vegetables d. citrus fruits

red meat

Manganese homeostasis is maintained through: A. excretion by the kidneys. B. no controlled process. C. regulation of absorption and excretion in the bile. D. competition with other minerals.

regulation of absorption and excretion in the bile.

the trace mineral that protects against oxidative cell damage is a. fluoride b. iron c. selenium d. molybdenum

selenium

Which statement is true about the relationship between the antioxidant functions of selenium and vitamin E? a. Selenium intake can reduce the need for vitamin E. b. Vitamin E intake inhibits the antioxidant properties of selenium. c. In order to have an antioxidant effect, selenium and vitamin E need to be consumed together. d. Selenium and vitamin E work independently as antioxidants.

selenium intake can reduce the need for Vitamin E.

Proteins containing selenium as a component of their amino acids are called: a. glutathione peroxidases. b. selenoenzymes. c. selenoproteins. d. superoxide dismutases.

selenoproteins.

The trace minerals are difficult to study in humans because: A. some of them are required in such small amounts that environmental contamination can obscure experimental results. B. they are so small, they are difficult to identify. C. they are required in such small amounts that deficiencies do not occur. D. biological tests are imprecise.

some of them are required in such small amounts that environmental contamination can obscure experimental results.

Heme iron is found in all of these foods except a. beef b. chicken c. fish d. spinach

spinach

which of the following is not a good source of heme iron? a. beef b. chicken c. salmon d. spinach

spinach

The POOREST source of fluoride among the following is: a. toothpaste. b. foods cooked with Teflon. c. tea. d. pork.

tea

Why is bioavailability a concern with trace elements? a. phytates, tannins, oxalate, and fiber increase their absorption b. large amounts of these minerals are present in the diet. c. the interactions among minerals affect their utilization d. small concentration changes have no impact on trace element status.

the interactions among minerals affect their utilization

Molybdenum is required for all of the following EXCEPT: A. the metabolism of sulfur containing amino acids. B. the production of uric acid. C. the synthesis of collagen. D. the metabolism of nitrogen containing compounds in RNA and DNA.

the synthesis of collagen.

All of the following are general properties of trace minerals, EXCEPT: a. they are found only in foods of animal origin. b. many are co-factors for enzymes. c. very little digestion is required. d. they are absorbed primarily in the small intestine. e. they circulate freely in the blood.

they are found only in foods of animal origin

Trace minerals differ from major minerals in all of the following ways, EXCEPT: a. their daily requirement is less than 100 milligrams. b. their safe range of intake is more narrow. c. they are found in smaller amounts in the body. d. they are less essential in human health. e. they include iodine and iron.

they are less essential in human health

How do manganese, copper, and zinc influence antioxidant function? a. they decrease the oxidant activity of the cell membrane b. they convert ferric oxide to ferrous oxide c. they are required for the activity of a form of superoxide dismutase d. they help neutralize peroxides in the blood

they are required for the activity of a form of superoxide dismutase.

Marginal chromium deficiency has been linked to: A. breast cancer. B. polio. C. strokes. D. type 2 diabetes.

type 2 diabetes.

the vitamin which enhances iron absorption is a. vitamin A b. b-complex c. Vitamin C d. Vitamin D

vitamin C

Of the following, the best source of chromium is: A. dairy. B. whole grains. C. vegetables. D. fruits.

whole grains

which of the following is NOT a good source of iron? a. beef b. black beans c. whole milk d. dark meat chicken

whole milk

In most people, taking selenium supplements to increase intake over the RDA: A. will protect against environmental pollutants. B. will prevent heart disease. C. will not provide any additional benefits. D. will slow the aging process.

will not provide any additional benefits.