Chapter 13 history section 1

Barbed wire

A new invention that was used largely to fence off large pastures for cattle

Open range

A vast area of grass land owned by the government.

What cities were destination points for the Chisholm Trail?

Abilene, Dodge city, and Ellsworth, Kansas

What two developments in the late 1800s led to the decline of the cattle business?

An oversupply of cattle drove down prices, and the winter of 1886 two 1887 killed a large number of cattle.

What cities lay on the western Trail,

Bandera, Texas; Dodge city, Kansas; and agallala , Nebraska.

Explain how cattle ranching shifted from open range to an organized business operation.

Barbed wire eliminated long drives, and the cowboy became a ranchhand.

Why do you think the destination cities at the end of the cattle trails are all located along the railroad railroad lines?

Cattle could be quickly transported for slaughter and sold throughout the country.

Quartz mining

Dug deep beneath the surface

List of factors that contributed to the rise of the cattle industry.

Factors include emergence of the Longhorn breed, higher beef prices, and railroad transportation.

Henry Comstock

He staked the claim to 6 mile Canyon, Nevada.

Where did gauchos work?

In the Pampas of Argentina.

How did heavy investment in the cattle industry affect the industry as a whole?

It costs an oversupply of cattle, which drove prices down. Many ranchers went bankrupt.

Vigilance committee

Lawn force shares were scarce and this was a group of self appointed volunteers used to track down and punish wrongdoers.

How did them mining industry contribute to the development of the West?

People moved west, town sprung up, and railroads expanded.

List the ways barbed wire was used and the result of using it on the Great Plains.

Purposes: keep out competitors, keep animals closer to food and water supplies, keep livestock from roaming freely; result: ended lawn cattle drive.

Mavericks

Stray calves with no identifying symbols

How did the creation of the new state change the political boundaries of the Great Plains?

The Dakota territory was divided into the states of North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana.

Long drive

The drive overall was a tremendous success proving that cattle could be driven north to the rail lines and sold for 10 times the price they could get in Texas.

Tell a small story about Virginia city Nevada.

The residents of Virginia city Nevada, which was first known as for Jenny Town, got some of their news from the terror territorial enterprise. The newspaper employed a young reporter from Hannibal, Missouri, named Samuel Clemens. Mr. the readers today know him by his pen name, Mark Twain.

What were the similarities between the American cowboys and the gauchos?

They were hearty individuals he wore distinctive clothing and lived on the front tier.

Chisholm Trail

This was the main route to Abilene Kansas North word

How did the Civil War encourage the start of lawn cattle drives?

Thousands of head of eastern cattle have been slaughtered to provide food for the troops during the Civil War.

What was the role of the cowboy?

To round up the cattle and move them toward a specific destination, usually a city with a rail line.

Placer mining

Using simple equipment like picks, shovels, and pans.