Chapter 13 Meiosis

What number and types of chromosomes are found in a human somatic cell?

44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes

The parent cell that enters meiosis is diploid, whereas the four daughter cells that result are haploid. Which statement correctly describes how cellular DNA content and ploidy levels change during meiosis I and meiosis II?

DNA content is halved in both meiosis I and meiosis II. Ploidy level changes from diploid to haploid in meiosis I, and remains haploid in meiosis II.

Which of the following statements is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16?

Each diploid cell has eight homologous pairs of chromosomes.

Which of the following statements correctly describes how sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes differ from each other?

Homologous chromosomes contain the same gene loci but may have different alleles of a particular gene. Sister chromatids are identical copies of each other produced during DNA replication

For the following question, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below. I.Prophase IV.Prophase IIII.Metaphase IVI.Metaphase IIIII.Anaphase IVII.Anaphase IIIV.Telophase IVIII.Telophase II Homologous chromosomes are aligned at the middle of the spindle.

II

Which of the following statements about reproduction is correct?

In sexual reproduction, individuals transmit half of their nuclear genes to each of their offspring.

A cell has completed meiosis I and the first cytokinesis, and is just beginning meiosis II. Which of the following statements describes its genetic contents?

It has half the amount of DNA as the cell that began meiosis.

Mitosis can occur in both haploid and diploid cells, but meiosis can only occur in diploid cells. Why?

Meiosis produces daughter cells with half the number of chromosome sets of the parent cell; therefore, the parent cell must be diploid.

Which of the following statements describes the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell after telophase of meiosis I?

The cells are haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids.

How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that are in prophase of meiosis I?

The cells have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA.

For the following question, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below. I.Prophase IV.Prophase IIII.Metaphase IVI.Metaphase IIIII.Anaphase IVII.Anaphase IIIV.Telophase IVIII.Telophase II Cohesins at centromeres of sister chromatids breakdown.

VII

For the following question, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below.I.Prophase IV.Prophase IIII.Metaphase IVI.Metaphase IIIII.Anaphase IVII.Anaphase IIIV.Telophase IVIII.Telophase II Haploid cells form containing joined sister chromatids.

VIII

A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is

a sperm.

Homologous chromosomes migrate to opposite poles during _____.

anaphase I

During _____ sister chromatids separate.

anaphase II

Meiosis II typically produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.

four ... haploid

During _____ chromosomes align single file along the equator of a haploid cell.

metaphase II

Synapsis occurs during _____.

prophase I

During _____ a spindle forms in a haploid cell.

prophase II

Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that

sister chromatids separate during anaphase.

Which of the following occurs during meiosis, but not during mitosis?

synapsis occurs

At the end of _____ and cytokinesis, haploid cells contain chromosomes that each consist of two sister chromatids.

telophase I

At the end of _____ and cytokinesis there are four haploid cells.

telophase II

Meiosis I produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.

two ... haploid

In a typical animal, mitosis produces _________, while meiosis produces____________.

two diploid daughter cells, four haploid daughter cells