Chapter 13: Nutrition Basics

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following are common reasons for adopting a vegetarian diet? Multiple select question. ethical reasons financial considerations religious reasons dental problems concern for the environment

ethical reasons financial considerations religious reasons concern for the environment

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply The nutrient density of food is determined by comparing the calories it provides with its ______. Multiple select question. fat content protein content mineral content vitamin content

protein content mineral content vitamin content

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What is nutrient density? Multiple select question. An important concept related to food energy The amount of nutrients in a food compared to the recommended amount The amount of nutrients in food relative to the kilocalories The amount of kilocalories in 100 grams of a food The amount of kilocalories in 1 cup of a food

An important concept related to food energy The amount of nutrients in food relative to the kilocalories

Multiple Choice Question _____ form important parts of bones, muscles, blood, enzymes, some hormones, and cell membranes. Multiple choice question. Carbohydrates Proteins Amino acids Fats

Proteins

MyPlate

a food guidance system to help people apply the DGAs to their own diets.

Multiple Choice Question Vegetarian diets are relatively low in ______. Multiple choice question. complex carbohydrates dietary fiber cholesterol vitamin C

cholesterol

Multiple Choice Question What are the nondigestible carbohydrates found in food from plants called? Multiple choice question. antioxidant dietary fiber whole grain glucose

dietary fiber

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Irradiation is important in food processing because it ______. Multiple select question. adds color to food makes food attractive extends shelf life reduces spoilage kills potentially harmful pathogens

extends shelf life reduces spoilage kills potentially harmful pathogens

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Fats in the diet do which of the following? Multiple select question. help in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins prevent food spoilage add flavor and texture to food repair damaged body tissues

help in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins add flavor and texture to food

Multiple Choice Question Which of the following is a common allergic reaction to foods? Multiple choice question. mental confusion dermatitis anemia hives

hives

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following are essential components of the diet? Multiple select question. stearic acid linoleic acid alpha-linolenic acid lauric acid

linoleic acid alpha-linolenic acid

Multiple Choice Question Canola, peanut, and olive oils are good sources of ______. Multiple choice question. monounsaturated fatty acids polyunsaturated fatty acids trans fatty acids

monounsaturated fatty acids

Multiple Choice Question The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) provide recommended intake levels of ______. Multiple choice question. calories alcohol nutrients processed foods

nutrients

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply To be certified as organic, foods must be produced and handled under strict guidelines that limit the use of which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. pesticides genetic engineering antibiotics employees compost hormones

pesticides genetic engineering antibiotics hormones

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following groups are at higher risk for developing complications from foodborne illness? Multiple select question. the elderly adult men children pregnant women college athletes

the elderly children pregnant women

Multiple Choice Question To turn liquid oils into solid fats, hydrogen is added to ______. Multiple choice question. carbohydrates saturated fats trans fats unsaturated fats

unsaturated fats

Multiple Choice Question A product labeled as "organic" must contain ______ organic ingredients. Multiple choice question. 95% 50% 100% 70%

95%

Multiple Choice Question Which statement best describes the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)? Multiple choice question. The DRIs reflect average food consumption trends and are used to determine serving sizes on food labels. The DRIs classify foods and beverages into food groups. The DRIs are an umbrella term for various energy and nutrient standards. The DRIs describe nutrient intake amounts sufficient to meet the needs of 97% to 98% of the population.

The DRIs are an umbrella term for various energy and nutrient standards.

True or False Question According to the FDA, more than 1,000 substances are added to foods in the United States to maintain or improve nutritional quality, to help in processing and preparation, or to alter taste or appearance.

True

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply To meet their nutritional requirements, older adults should eat foods that ______. Multiple select question. are high in calories contain vitamin B-12 are high in fiber have fewer calories are low in fiber

contain vitamin B-12 are high in fiber have fewer calories

Multiple Choice Question The Dietary Guidelines for Americans are updated every ______ years. Multiple choice question. two three four five

five

Multiple Choice Question The role of alpha-linolenic acid is to ______. Multiple choice question. increase total cholesterol increase the risk of heart disease maintain blood pressure increase the risk of stroke

maintain blood pressure

Multiple Choice Question Free radicals react with ______. Multiple choice question. proteins hair follicles blood oxyhemoglobin

proteins

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Identify the essential nutrients. Multiple select question. water fats nucleic acids vitamins

water fats vitamins

Multiple Choice Question What are essential nutrients? Multiple choice question. nutrients from plant-based sources nutrients that are required for metabolism nutrients that cannot be synthesized by human cells nutrients that are required for growth

nutrients that cannot be synthesized by human cells

Multiple Choice Question Which of the following is a source of monounsaturated fatty acids? Multiple choice question. corn oil palm oil coconut oil olive oil

olive oil

Dietary Reference Intakes

standards for nutrient intake designed to prevent nutritional deficiencies

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following are sources of complex carbohydrates? Multiple select question. candy yams lentils honey rye

yams lentils rye

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following should older adults focus on in terms of nutritional requirements? Multiple select question. They don't need as much energy intake because they tend to become less active. They should consume as many calories as they did when they were younger. They should focus on eating nutrient-dense foods. They do not need to consume as many fluids.

They don't need as much energy intake because they tend to become less active. They should focus on eating nutrient-dense foods.

Multiple Choice Question Water is important to the body because it is a major ingredient in ______. Multiple choice question. blood hair bones cartilage

blood

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following factors promote the production of free radicals? Multiple select question. cigarette smoke green vegetables seafood exhaust fumes radiation

cigarette smoke exhaust fumes radiation

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following are considered functional foods? Multiple select question. iodized salt milk with vitamins A and D whole-grain bread raw almonds soy milk with vitamin B-12

iodized salt milk with vitamins A and D soy milk with vitamin B-12

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which factors influence the effect of environmental contaminants? Multiple select question. gender of the person being exposed length of exposure health status of the person being exposed age of the person being exposed

length of exposure health status of the person being exposed age of the person being exposed

Multiple Choice Question Complex carbohydrates include ______ and dietary fiber. Multiple choice question. protein fatty acids starches hydrogenated oils

starches

Multiple Choice Question Food labels on processed foods in the United States must indicate ______. Multiple choice question. the serving size for the food the date of the processing plant's last inspection the farm the food came from when the food was packaged

the serving size for the food

Multiple Choice Question What are the main objectives of the 2020--2025 Dietary Guidelines? Multiple choice question. to focus on decreasing chronic diseases to encourage healthy eating patterns and regular physical activity to serve as a central resource for any American seeking dietary advice to provide easy-to-read product labeling for nutritional information

to encourage healthy eating patterns and regular physical activity

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following are fat-soluble vitamins? Multiple select question. vitamin A vitamin E vitamin D vitamin C

vitamin A vitamin E vitamin D

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Identify the essential nutrients. Multiple select question. vitamins nucleic acids water fats

vitamins water fats

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply The body needs minerals for ______. Multiple select question. releasing energy maintenance of muscle tone regulation of body functions growth and maintenance of body tissues

releasing energy regulation of body functions growth and maintenance of body tissues

Multiple Choice Question Which of the following groups is most at risk for developing severe complications from foodborne illnesses? Multiple choice question. adult men young professional women senior citizens college athletes

senior citizens

Multiple Choice Question Saturated fatty acids are ______ at room temperature. Multiple choice question. liquid solid brittle rancid

solid

Multiple Choice Question Which of the following is a major role of fats? Multiple choice question. regulating body function storing energy repairing tissue regulating water content

storing energy

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply The MyPlate icon reminds consumers ______. Multiple select question. to be active everyday to incorporate fruits and vegetables into meals to have enough sleep each day how to build a healthy meal

to incorporate fruits and vegetables into meals how to build a healthy meal

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following are among the most widely used additives to foods in the United States? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. baking soda corn syrup sugar nitrates monosodium glutamate

baking soda corn syrup sugar

Multiple Choice Question Mercury is dangerous to fetuses and young children because it can cause ______. Multiple choice question. brain damage digestive problems stunted growth skin rash

brain damage

Multiple Choice Question It is important to consult your doctor before taking supplements because large doses ______. Multiple choice question. can cause health problems are easy to take are cheaper than prescription medication are easy to obtain

can cause health problems

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

guidelines designed to promote health through diet and physical activity

Multiple Choice Question When consumed, proteins provide how much energy for the body? Multiple choice question. 2 calories per gram 4 calories per gram 6 calories per gram 8 calories per gram

4 calories per gram

Multiple Choice Question How does MyPlate function? Multiple choice question. It guides you in using the five food groups to build a healthy meal. It helps you track your caloric intake by meal. It recommends healthy meals for each meal of the day, complete with recipes. It is a combination calorie and exercise tracker.

It guides you in using the five food groups to build a healthy meal.

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following statements about food irradiation are true? Multiple select question. Irradiated foods are injected with additional vitamins and minerals. It has been endorsed by such organizations as the American Medical Association and the World Health Organization. Irradiated foods have a shortened shelf life. Consumers are at least initially skeptical and resistant to irradiated foods

It has been endorsed by such organizations as the American Medical Association and the World Health Organization. Consumers are at least initially skeptical and resistant to irradiated foods.

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following statements about saturated fatty acids are true? Multiple select question. No bonds on the fatty-acid chain are attached to hydrogen atoms. Saturated fatty acids are found naturally in animal products. All bonds between carbon atoms on the fatty-acid chain are double bonds. Saturated fatty acid are solid at room temperature.

Saturated fatty acids are found naturally in animal products. Saturated fatty acid are solid at room temperature

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What is nutrient density? Multiple select question. The amount of kilocalories in 100 grams of a food The amount of nutrients in food relative to the kilocalories The amount of kilocalories in 1 cup of a food An important concept related to food energy The amount of nutrients in a food compared to the recommended amount

The amount of nutrients in food relative to the kilocalories An important concept related to food energy

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following are environmental contaminants? Multiple select question. sand dust certain molds hormones minerals PCBs pesticides pet dander

certain molds hormones minerals PCBs pesticides

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Water assists the body in which of the following functions? (Select all that apply.) Multiple select question. night vision hair growth digestion absorption of food temperature regulation

digestion absorption of food temperature regulation

Multiple Choice Question What is a food to which health-promoting or disease-preventing components have been added? Multiple choice question. modified food functional food super food enhanced food

functional food

Multiple Choice Question The chemical process by which hydrogen atoms are added to molecules of unsaturated fats is known as ______. Multiple choice question. hydrogenation cholesterol saturation hydrocarbonation

hydrogenation

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply To reduce exposure to mercury, nursing mothers should ______. Multiple select question. limit the consumption of albacore tuna avoid shrimp avoid eating swordfish eat no more than 24 ounces of salmon per week

limit the consumption of albacore tuna avoid eating swordfish

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Substances are added to food intentionally to ______. Multiple select question. kill pathogens present maintain nutritional quality alter their appearance help in processing

maintain nutritional quality alter their appearance help in processing

Fill in the Blank Question Inorganic elements called _____________________ are needed in small amounts for the regulation, growth, and maintenance of body tissues; they also aid in releasing energy.

minerals

Multiple Choice Question Which of the following statements about fiber in the human digestive system is accurate? Multiple choice question. Fiber is an important source of protein. Fiber is an important source of calories. Fiber facilitates elimination of waste from the intestines. Fiber tends to increase the glycemic index of foods.

Fiber facilitates elimination of waste from the intestines.

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Why is it important to consult a doctor before taking supplements? Multiple select question. Large doses of supplements may affect absorption of some minerals. Supplements are easier to take than prescription medication. Supplements are easy to obtain. Some vitamins and minerals are dangerous when taken in excess.

Large doses of supplements may affect absorption of some minerals. Some vitamins and minerals are dangerous when taken in excess.

Multiple Choice Question To apply the daily food intake patterns in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, an individual should make use of ______. Multiple choice question. MyPlate Dietary Reference Intakes Nutrion Facts Label the FDA Nutritional Guide

MyPlate

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Packaged food labels in the United States must show which of the following? Multiple select question. amount of dietary fiber serving sizes amount of fat, saturated fat, and trans fat in each serving date food was processed

amount of dietary fiber serving sizes amount of fat, saturated fat, and trans fat in each serving

Multiple Choice Question What is the physical reaction that includes a possibly life-threatening narrowing of airways and lowered blood pressure? Multiple choice question. amniocentesis agoraphobia anaphylaxis acidosis

anaphylaxis

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Water-soluble vitamins are ______. Multiple select question. stored in the liver and fat tissues excreted in urine when the body does not need them more complex to absorb than fat-soluble vitamins absorbed directly into the bloodstream

excreted in urine when the body does not need them absorbed directly into the bloodstream

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Foods containing large amounts of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids are ______. Multiple select question. solid at room temperature usually derived from plant sources liquid at room temperature gritty at room temperature

usually derived from plant sources liquid at room temperature