Chapter 13

Self-statements about self-failure or judgments about others relative to how things should be.

"Should" statements

A first procedural step in cognitive restructuring is helping clients to:

Accept that self-statements determine emotions.

Specific tasks are:

Actions toward goal attainment

Seeing things as all-or-nothing scenarios, and in most instances seeing the glass as half empty.

All-or-nothing thinking

Encouraging clients to elaborate on the "What's different?" question.

Amplification

Evaluating client safety focuses on:

Assessing the client's affective, behavioral and emotional functioning.

Which of the following techniques may be used in helping a client to practice a new skill? -Guided practice -Positive self-statements -Rewards or incentives -Behavioral rehearsal

Behavioral rehearsal

Perceiving others as the source of negative feelings or emotions, thus avoiding taking responsibility.

Blaming

Clarifying goals, exceptions, or strengths.

Bridging

Coordinating the provision of services from multiple sources for the benefit of the individual client.

Case management

The belief that if a particular event or situation occurs, the results would be unbearable.

Catastrophizing

Therapeutic process central to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), designed to help clients modify their beliefs, faulty thought patterns or perceptions, and destructive verbalizations, thereby leading to changes in behavior.

Cognitive restructuring

The memory patterns, positive or negative, that a person uses to organize information.

Cognitive schemas

Feedback about a client's efforts that reinforces strengths and successes.

Compliments

Which of the following best describes a case management function? -Coordinating multiple services to meet needs. -Supplementing resources to improve access. -Analyzing service gaps to identified groups. -Developing proposals for improved services.

Coordinating multiple services to meet needs.

In solution-focused treatment, questions that are intended to highlight and reinforce a client's resources and strengths.

Coping questions

Subtle acts in which people are treated differently based on their race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, ability, or socioeconomic status.

Covert interactions

Tending to the emotional state and safety of the client is indicative of the initial stage of which change-oriented approach? a. Crisis Intervention b. Cognitive Restructuring c. Solution-Focused d. The Task-Centered System

Crisis Intervention

Which of the following intervention approaches utilizes a three-dimensional assessment schema that directs the intervention? -Solution-focused Brief Treatment -Crisis Intervention -Cognitive Behavioral Therapy -Targeted Case Management

Crisis Intervention

Teams within municipal and state police departments specially trained to respond to crisis situations and events.

Crisis Intervention Teams (CITs)

In solution-focused treatment, individuals who willingly make a commitment to change.

Customers

Which of the following cautions are advised when using cognitive restructuring as an intervention approach? The approach may: -Diminish individual's perceptions that are in contrast to majority viewpoints. -Attempts to reshape an individual's perceptions may ignore the individual's actual experience. - Changing an individual's perceptions can be overly sensitive to incidents of discrimination. -An individual's behavioral patterns and emotions may be the results of biophysical problems.

Diminish individual's perceptions that are in contrast to majority viewpoints.

The tendency to disqualify or minimize the good things that you or others do and instead treat a positive as a negative.

Discounting positives

All of the following are tenets of the Solution-focused Brief Treatment approach except: -An analysis of problems does not predict a specific outcome. -Change is expected to occur within a brief period of time. -Distorted cognitions about problems are socially constructed. -Exploring exceptions facilitates the development of solutions.

Distorted cognitions about problems are socially constructed.

Empirical evidence of an intervention approach should specify the intervention's

Effectiveness with a particular population or problem.

Interpretation based on negative emotions, which are assumed to reflect reality.

Emotional reasoning

You are working with a client who values the healing traditions of his culture. He tells you that he would like to invite his grandfather to be a part of his work with you. What should you do? a. Inform the client that, in order to effectively serve him, you must implement evidence-based practices b. Meet with the grandfather to understand the cultural practice the client would like to incorporate and then determine if there is evidence of its efficacy c. Engage in a discovery process to learn more about the cultural tradition to see how it can be worked into an intervention d. Explain to the client that task-centered approaches do not allow for great flexibility

Engage in a discovery process to learn more about the cultural tradition to see how it can be worked into an intervention

In solution-based treatment, the core of the intervention, designed to diminish the problem focus by helping clients to describe life when the current difficulty did not exist, thereby highlighting strengths and resources.

Exception questions

The Solution-focused Brief Treatment emphasizes finding solutions by having clients to:

Explore exceptions

When a client has not completed an agreed-upon task, the best course of action would be to:

Explore the reasons for the client's failure.

In the task-centered approach to practice, general and specific tasks are directly related to an identified:

Goal

After completing an assessment of a client's needs, the case manager develops a goal plan that involves multiple service providers. In this scenario, the case manager is:

Implementing coordinated intervention.

Inability to accept any information that is inconsistent with one's beliefs or negative thoughts.

Inability to disconfirm

Which of the following can become a barrier to task completion?

Inadequate preparation

A developmental ecological approach to crisis work with minors, based on the premise that the developmental stage and the environment within which the minor operates are interrelated.

Interactive Trauma/Grief-Focused Model (IT-GFT)

Which of the following is an initial consideration for selecting an intervention strategy? -Is the approach appropriate for the client's problem? -Does the client feel comfortable with the proposed plan? -What are the personal environment aspects of the problem? -What is required of the client in consenting to treatment?

Is the approach appropriate for the client's problem?

Perceiving self, others, or events as good or bad, excellent or awful, rather than describing, accepting, or attempting to understand what is happening or considering alternatives.

Judgment focus

Assuming a negative when there may be limited supporting evidence.

Jumping to conclusions

A form of overgeneralizing in which a negative label is attached to self or others based on a single incident.

Labeling

Case management is a practice method that helps clients to solve problems by:

Linking the client to resources.

In following the process and procedures of the crisis intervention approach, the social worker would first determine the:

Meaning of the situation for the client.

"How will you know when your problem is resolved" is an example of which of the following type of questions used in the Solution-focused Brief Treatment approach?

Miracle

Mentally singling out bad events and ignoring the positives.

Negative (mental) filtering

Perceiving isolated events and using them to reach broad conclusions.

Overgeneralizations

Assuming that you had a role in or are responsible for a negative situation, that the results were in your control.

Personalizing

Beginning a session by assessing the status of agreed-upon tasks is intended to review

Progress

When working with an involuntary client you should: a. Review the mandates of their involvement and choose relevant interventions b. Use coercive approaches to negotiate goals with the client c. Choose the intervention based on client's best interest d. Promote self-direction and maximize opportunities for participation

Promote self-direction and maximize opportunities for participation

Reactance theory suggests that clients will most likely respond to an assigned task by:

Protecting his or her right to be self-directed.

In situations in which a minor's parent have consented to an intervention strategy, the social worker should:

Provide the minor with information about the intended approach.

A focus on the past, especially past mistakes.

Regret orientation

Goals of crisis intervention include all of the following except:

Resolving historical trauma

The most common form of behavioral rehearsal to encourage mastery, enabling the client to practice a desired behavior or outcome in a simulated situation, build on his or her existing skills, and identify potential barriers or obstacles.

Role-playing

In solution-focused treatment, questions that, using a scale of 1 to 10, solicit a client's level of willingness and confidence in moving toward developing a solution and are subsequently used to observe progress.

Scaling questions

A tool that can increase a client's awareness of his or her pervasive dysfunctional thoughts is:

Self-monitoring

A cognitive schema is a memory pattern that tends to:

Shortcut an individual's processing of information.

A postmodern, constructivist approach with a unique focus on resolving clients' concerns, based on the premise that change can occur over a short period of time.

Solution-focused brief treatment

A client and the social worker agreed that the client would submit one job application to a potential employer prior to the next session. The agreement between the social worker and the client:

Specifies a specific task as an instrumental action step toward a goal.

The Task Implementation Sequence is complete when the social worker and the client:

Summarize the plan.

A person-centered and strengths-based service delivery approach that recognizes the prevalence of trauma among clients across settings and human services systems.

Trauma-informed care

A single, distinct crisis experience in which symptoms and signs are manifested.

Type I

The result of longstanding, repeated trauma whose cumulative effects result in the development of defensive coping strategies, anxiety, depression, or acting-out behavior.

Type II

Measuring self against others believed to have desirable attributes.

Unfair comparisons

The tendency for people to continually question themselves about the potential for events or the catastrophe that might happen.

What ifs

A client has identified obtaining a degree in nutrition as a priority goal. In helping the client to achieve the goal, the social worker would:

Work with the identifying and developing general tasks.

Goals of crisis intervention include all of the following EXCEPT: a. achieve state of equilibrium b. address previous conflicts c. cope with future disruptions d. restore level of functioning

address previous conflicts

Scaling questions may be used to assist clients to: a. diminish a focus on problems b. assess their readiness for goals c. predict their success for change d. identify strengths and resources

assess their readiness for goals

Evaluating client safety is an ongoing process in: a. assessing the crisis situation b. understanding the crisis response c. clarifying the perceived benefit d. developing a contract for stability

assessing the crisis situation

Assisting clients to identify their self-statements that determine their reactions is a step that is used in: a. reality therapy b. cognitive restructuring c. solution-focused therapy d. crisis intervention

cognitive restructuring

In solution-focused treatment, individuals who identify a concern but do not see themselves as part of the problem or solution.

complainants

The perception of an event or situation as an intolerable difficulty that exceeds the person's resources or coping mechanisms.

crisis

When an event or situation upsets the client's normal psychic balance to the extent that his or her sense of equilibrium is severely diminished.

crisis reaction

The basic crisis intervention model.

equilibrium model

An approach that is informed by ecological theory, emphasizes strengths and empowerment, focuses on diversity and oppression, and allows a choice among a range of theories and techniques based on their compatibility with each client's situation.

generalist-eclectic practice

Observing the client in a live rather than a simulated situation, providing immediate feedback, and coaching the client as he or she engages in a task related to a target behavior.

guided practice

Ever-present stressors produced by treating people differently based on their race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, ability, or socioeconomic status.

microaggressions

Assuming that you know what people will think, do, or respond.

mind reading

The techniques of behavioral rehearsal may be used to assist clients to: a. avoid costly mistakes b. complete certain tasks c. alter their cognitions d. practice a new skill

practice a new skill

A form of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).

rational-emotive therapy (RET)

A process that enhances clients' awareness of the pervasiveness of their dysfunctional thoughts is: a. anchored scales b. cluster analysis c. self-monitoring d. frequency counts

self-monitoring

A Medicaid provision under which certain clients, such as those with chronic health or mental health problems or developmental disabilities and minors in foster care, are considered to be primary recipients of case management services.

targeted case management

A sequence of discrete steps that increase the likelihood of successful change efforts: enhance the client's commitment to carry out tasks; plan the details of carrying out tasks; analyze and resolve barriers and obstacles; rehearse or practice behaviors involved in tasks; summarize the task plan.

task implementation sequence (TIS)

A social work practice model that focuses specifically on problems of concern identified by the client and emphasizes the tasks and collaborative responsibilities of both client and social worker.

task-centered model

Blending tactics or techniques of multiple approaches

technical eclecticism

A single event, multiple events, or a set of circumstances that is experienced as physically and emotionally harmful or threatening and that has lasting adverse effects on an individual's social, emotional, and spiritual well-being.

trauma

A framework for social workers to use in a crisis situation to assess the client's affective, behavioral, and emotional functioning; assess the severity of the situation; and plan the appropriate intervention strategy.

triage assessment system

A client you are working with is fearful about talking with his parents about a difficult situation he is having at school. You ask him the question "Have you ever been in a situation where your parents needed to talk about a difficult topic with you or your siblings?" This is an example of: a. role playing b. behavioral modeling c. behavioral rehearsing d. vicarious experience

vicarious experience

In solution-focused treatment, a person who is willing to be minimally or peripherally involved but is not invested in the change effort.

visitor