Chapter 13 S&P

John has had a stroke. His speech is now labored and stilted and he can only speak in short sentences. He can comprehend what others are saying. What is the term for John's condition?

Broca's aphasia

Charles is learning the anatomy of the structures in the vocal apparatus, including the soft palate, tongue, lips, teeth, and jaw. Together, these structures are called the _____.

articulators

Lea and Heather are in a noisy restaurant. Lea looks intently at Heather's lips to help her understand what Heather is saying because the restaurant is so loud. What is this called?

audiovisual speech perception

Mary is teaching children vowel sounds by having them repeat them over and over again. As a speech teacher, Mary knows the specific sounds of each vowel are created by changing the overall shape of the vocal tract. This change in shape modifies the resonant frequency of the vocal tract and produces peaks of pressure at a number of different frequencies. The frequencies at which the peaks occur are called _____.

formants

The fact that we perceive the sound of a phoneme as the same even though the acoustic signal is changed by coarticulation is an example of _____.

perceptual constancy

What are /p/, /i/, and /t/ in the word pit known as?

phonemes

Maryl has a terrible cold and is coughing a lot. Her roommate, however, is still able to understand what Maryl is saying, even when Maryl's coughs result in the omission of word sounds. This illustrates the _____ effect.

phonemic restoration

Kevin is testing the hearing of children. He presents sentences to subjects through earphones and asks them to repeat aloud what they are hearing. What technique is Kevin using?

shadowing

Kristin is trying to learn Spanish. She listens to recordings of native speakers and has difficulties hearing the individual words. Instead, the words sound like an unbroken string to her. Kristin is having difficulty with _____.

speech segmentation

Dr. Long is researching the ability of infants to learn about certain characteristics of a language, such as the chances that one sound will follow another sound. What process is Dr. Long researching in these infants?

statistical learning