Chapter 13-SCIENCE

Coldwave

The opposite of heat wave; and extended period of below average temperatures

Name places where a tropical cyclone is most likely to develop

Tropical Pacific ocean in tropical Atlantic ocean

Air mass thunderstorm

A type of thunderstorm in which air rises because of unequal heating of earths surface with in a single air mass and is most common during the afternoon and evening

Tornado

A violent whirling Column in contact with the ground that forms when wind direction and speed suddenly change with height is often associated with super so and is extremely damaging

What conditions are needed for the towering clouds of thunderstorms to develop

Abundant moisture and unstable air

Drought

An extended period of well below average rainfall

Eye wall

Bands where is the strongest winds in a hurricane are usually concentrated and surrounding the eye

Eye

COM center of a tropical cyclone that develops when the winds around its center reach at least 120 km/h

Saffir Simpson hurricane scale

Classifies hurricanes according to windspeed potential property damage and potential for flooding in terms of the effect on high of sea level on a scale ranging from category one to category five

Fujita tornado intensity scale

Classifies tornadoes according to their windspeed duration in path of distraction on a scale ranging from F0 to F5

The clouds growth stops when the rate of________and the cloud which diminishes with height is insufficient to create enough heat to keep the cloud warmer than the air around it

Condensation

Thunderstorms form when three conditions exist that cause cumulus clouds to grow by the energy transfer method of_________

Convection

At any moment more than 2000 thunderstorms are occurring on earth thunderstorms develop from cumulus clouds that grow into huge__________clouds

Cumulonimbus

Flooding often occurs if rain falls faster then

The ground can absorb it

violent downdrafts that are concentrated in one local area are called

Downbursts

An extended period of well below normal rainfall is a

Drought

Heat wave

Extended periods of above average temperatures and as a side effect of drought

Super cell

Extremely powerful self sustaining thunderstorm characterize by intense rotating updraft

True or false the eye of a hurricane is surrounded by a band of strong winds called the eye current

False Eye wall

True false tropical cyclones are larger rotating high-pressure storms

False low-pressure storms

True or false hurricanes are classified according to the Fujita scale

False saffir Simpson

Precipitation in the form of balls or lumps of ice is called

Hail

Storm surge

Occurs when powerful hurricane force winds Drive a mound of ocean water toward the shore where it washes over the land often causing enormous damage

Growth will also stop if the rising air meet a layer of________air that it cannot overcome

Stable

A mound of water driven toward coastal areas by hurricane wins is called a

Storm surge

Extremely powerful thunderstorms that develop intense rotating up drafts are called

Super cells

Hale forms in part because of the presence of

Supercooled water droplets

Stepped leader

The channel of partially charged air; the breakdown in charges in between positive and negative regions

what condition does not contribute to the formation of hail

The dissipation of warm moist air at earths surface by downdrafts

Return stroke

A branch of channel of positively charged ions that Rush upward from the ground to me he stepped leader

Tropical cyclones

Large low-pressure rotating tropical storm that gets its energy from the evaporation of warm ocean water and the release of heat

Electricity caused by the rapid rush of air in a cumulonimbus cloud is called

Lightning

What are the dangers associated with severe thunderstorms

Lightning and tornadoes hail Highwinds and flooding

Seabreeze thunderstorm

Local Air mass thunderstorms that commonly occur along the coastal area because land and water store and release thermal energy differently

Windchill index

Measures the windchill factor by estimating the heat loss from human skin caused by a combination of wind and cold air

Powerful downdrafts that affect an area of less than 3 km are called

Microbursts

First there must be Sufficient________ in the lower atmosphere to condense and release latent heat second some mechanism must make the air rise causing the cloud to grow

Moisture

Mountain thunderstorm

Occurs when an Air mass rises from orographic lifting which involves air moving up the side of the mountain

True or false hurricane wins can drive a mound of water toward the coast where it washes over though it this is called storm surge

True

True or false the minimum wind speed for a category one hurricane is 75 mph

True

True or false to people living near the Atlantic ocean tropical cyclones are known as hurricanes

True

True or false tropical cyclones originate over the warm waters of most tropical oceans

True

Frontal thunderstorm

Type of thunderstorm usually produced by Vance in cold front which can result in a line of thunderstorms hundreds of kilometers long or more rarely in advancing one friend which can result in a relatively mild thunderstorm

Third the portion of the atmosphere that the cloud grows through must be________

Unstable

The intense updrafts and downdrafts that characterize severe thunderstorms are the result of

Unstable air caused by temperature differences between the upper and lower parts of a storm

Downburst

Violet downdraft that are concentrated in a local area

The rising cloud must stay_______then the air around in order for the growth to continue

Warmer

The phenomenon in which the effects of cold air are worsened by wind is the

Wind chill factor