Chapter 14: BIO201 SU16 The Human Brain
inner
the periosteal layer of the dura mater is attached to the ___________ surface of the skull.
pully
trochle- (trochlea)
wandering
vag
primary somatosensory area
This is located in the post-central gyrus of the parietal lobe. This is responsible for perceiving sensory input from the body.
primary motor area
This is located in the pre-central gyrus of the frontal lobe. It initiates motor activity in all of the body's skeletal muscles.
frontal lobe
This is responsible for cognition and motor output.
limbic system
This is responsible for short-term memory, emotional response, and mood.
parietal lobe
This is responsible for somatosensory input (perceiving sensory input from the body).
insula lobe
This is responsible for taste and spoken language.
occipital lobe
This is responsible for the interpretation of vision.
inferior colliculi
This is the auditory reflex center. (two words)
superior colliculi
This is the visual reflex center. (two words)
temporal lobe
This lobe is concerned with hearing, smell, learning, memory, and some aspects of vision and emotion.
telencephalon
This makes up the left and right cerebral hemispheres
cerebellum
This part of the brain is responsible for coordination of fine motor skills.
pons
This part of the brain serves as a bridge between cerebellar hemispheres. (allowing one to juggle objects between two hands easily)
basal nuclei
This regulates complex movement sequences like tying shoelaces, walking, or typing.
metencephalon
This secondary vesicle gives rise to the cerebellum and the pons.
lateral sulcus
This separates the temporal lobe from the parietal lobe. (2)
falx cerebelli (falx means sickle)
This separates the two cerebellar hemispheres.
cerebral aqueduct
This space is called the __________ _________.
cerebellum
This structure has more than 50% of the neurons of the brain but only 10% of its volume.
cerebrum
This structure makes up about 83% of the brain's volume.
telencephalon, diencephalon
What are the secondary vesicles in the forebrain?
metencephalon, myencephalon
What are the secondary vesicles in the hindbrain?
ectoderm
What gives rise to nervous tissue and cells?
mesencephalon
What is the secondary vesicle in the midbrain?
olfactory
What is the small pink area? primary ____________ association area
insula
Identify the highlighted structure.
occipital lobe
Identify the highlighted structure.
parietal lobe
Identify the highlighted structure.
pituitary gland
Identify the highlighted structure.
pons
Identify the highlighted structure.
temporal lobe
Identify the highlighted structure.
thalamus
Identify the highlighted structure.
decussation of pyramids
Identify the highlighted structure. (three words)
pineal gland
Identify the highlighted structure. (two words)
superior colliculi
Identify the two superior prominences on the corpora quadrigemini.
cerebral hemispheres
Identify these structures.
gyrus
Identify this landmark.
sulcus (sulcus means groove)
Identify this landmark.
inferior sagittal sinus
Identify this sinus.
straight sinus
Identify this sinus.
transverse sinus
Identify this sinus.
mesencephalon
Identify this structure. (Another name for midbrain)
telencephalon
Identify this structure. (It makes up the left and right cerebral hemispheres.)
metencephalon
Identify this structure. It makes up the pons and cerebellum.
cerebrum
Identify this structure. This comes from the telencephalon.
lateral ventricle
Identify this ventricle.
third ventricle
Identify this ventricle.
fourth ventricle
Identify this ventricle. (1)
3
In which sleep stage do theta and delta waves appear? stage ___
meninges (Greek for membrane)
This is composed of the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.
myelencephalon
This is composed of the medulla oblongata.
brainstem
This is everything except for the cerebrum and cerebellum
pain
-algia (neuralgia)
record of
-gram (electroencephalogram)
little
-uncle (peduncle)
myelencephalon
Identify the highlighted structure
medulla oblongata
Identify the highlighted structure (two words)
cerebellum
Identify the highlighted structure.
corpora quadrigemini
Identify the highlighted structure.
corpus callosum
Identify the highlighted structure.
endothelial
Astrocytes stimulate the capillary _____________ cells to form a blood brain barrier.
frontal lobe
Identify the highlighted structure.
hypothalamus
Identify the highlighted structure.
diencephalon
Identify D.
lateral aperture
Name C
median aperature
Name this area.
analytical
The categorical hemisphere (left) is _____________.
alpha, beta, theta, delta
The four types of brain waves
collects
The large superior saggital sinus __________ blood draining from the brain tissue.
spinal cord
The meningeal layer of the dura mater is continuous with the dura mater of the ________ _________.
olfactory bulbs
The red section is one part of the limbic system. (two words)
emotional
The representational hemisphere (right) is ______________.
limbic system
The ring of structures shown in violet is known as the __________ ____________.
cerebrospinal fluid
The subarachnoid space of the brain is filled with ____________________
four
There are _______ stages of sleep.
olfactory bulbs
These are part of the limbic system, and they are involved in the sense of smell.
superior sagittal sinus
This cavity collects blood draining from the brain tissue.
central sulcus
This divides the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe. (1)
parieto-occipital sulcus
This divides the occipital lobe from the parietal lobe on the medial surface of each hemisphere. (3) -not visible on the surface.
longitudinal fissure
This divides the the cerebral hemispheres.
falx cerebri (falx=sickle)
This extension of the dura mater dips into the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral hemispheres to attach to the crista galle.
tentorium cerebelli (tentorium=tent)
This extension of the dura mater separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum below.
pituitary gland
This gland controls several of the other hormone glands. Often considered the most important part of the endocrine system.
thalamus
This is a major integrating and relay station for sensory impulses passing upward to the cortical sensory areas for localization and interpretation.
hypothalamus
This is an important autonomic center involved in regulation of body temperature, water balance, and fat and carbohydrate metabolism as well as other activities and drives (sex, hunger, thirst)
pineal gland
This is believed to be important in daily regulation and seasonal cycles.
medulla oblongata
What part of the brain houses autonomic centers involved in the control of heart rate, respiratory rhythm, and blood pressure as well as involuntary centers involved in vomiting, swallowing and so on?
choroid plexus
What produces the CSF?
arachnoid mater and pia mater
What to maters is cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) between?
8
Which number is the broca area? (speech production)
somatosensory
Which primary cortex is 1? primary ___________ cortex
visual
Which primary cortex is 3? primary ___________ cortex
auditory
Which primary cortex is 6? primary ____________ cortex
gustatory (taste)
Which primary cortex is 7? primary ____________ cortex
motor
Which primary cortex is 9? primary __________ cortex
motor
Which primary cortex is the dark orange area?
delta
Which type of brain wave is common in infants and in adults when they are in a deep sleep?
theta
Which type of brain wave is recorded in drowsy adults and common in children?
alpha
Which type of brain wave is recorded when someone is awake and resting?
beta
Which type of brain wave is recorded when someone is concentrating?
delta
_________ waves dominate during stage 4 of sleep.
alpha
___________ brain waves are commonly recorded in stage 1 of sleep.
tail
caud
head
cephalo- (hydrocephalus)
brain
cerebro- (cerebrospinal)
body
corpo- (corpus callosum)
rind
cortex
brain
encephalo-
tongue
gloss
island
insulo- (insula)
eye
oculo- (oculomotor)
bridge
pons
nose
rostr