Chapter 14 clicker questions - updated/corrected 11/26/14

Which of the following is a type of adrenergic receptor

Alpha

Predict the outcome of an experiment in which adrenal medulla cells are treated with nicotine

Blood levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine increase.

Although the ANS has involuntary control, it may be regulated by which structure?

Brain Stem, Hypothalamus, Cerebral Cortex

Which sets of conditions accurately describes the anatomy of the parasympathetic nervous system

Craniosacral origin; long preganglionic fibers; ganglia in visceral effector organs

The "Flight and Fight" and "Rest and Digest" are nicknames for which nervous system?

Fight = sympathetic; Rest = parasympathetic

The urinary bladder sphincter is controlled by the ___ system

Parasympathetic and Sympathetic

How is it possible that NE can cause vasoconstriction in one location but vasodilation in another?

Receptor types differ in these tissues

The sympathetic division is involved in which of the following processes?

Regulating blood , Increasing glucose metabolism, and Decreasing urinary output

Which of the following statements is true of the parasympathetic nervous system? A The preganglionic fibers are shorter than the postganglionic fibers. B The fibers emerge from the brain and sacral portion of the spinal cord. C The ganglia lie close to the spinal cord. D All of the above statements are true. E both A and B F both A and C G both B and C

The fibers emerge from the brain and sacral portion of the spinal cord

Which of the following is not true of the sympathetic nervous system? A The preganglionic neuron cell bodies are found in the CNS. B The postganglionic neurons are in the PNS. C Some preganglionic fibers travel to the adrenal medulla. D The ganglia are close to the effectors. E None of the above, they are all true.

The ganglia are close to the effectors.

This cranial nerve contains all of the parasympathetic postganglionic fibers innervating the head.

VII

The majority of preganglionic parasympathetic fibers are housed within which cranial nerve?

Vagus

Which cranial nerve is the primary parasympathetic nerve

Vagus

About 90% of the parasympathetic fibers are located in which cranial nerve?

X

If you blocked the cardiac beta receptors, you would expect to see:

a slower heart rate/pulse

Asthma attacks are due to bronchiole smooth muscle constriction, which makes it hard to breathe. Albuterol, a common asthma medication, works to stimulate vasodilation by which mechanism?

activates to beta 2 -adrenergic receptors

All of the following are under dual control of the ANS except

adrenal medulla...

The parasympathetic nervous system is more active when we are _______

at rest, and eliminating food

How does an antagonist affect the receptor

binds to receptor and blocks activation

Drugs classified as alpha-blockers can help decrease

blood pressure

Parasympathetic nervous system shares control with the sympathetic nervous system, except

blood vessels

This hormone would increase to the greatest degree in stressful situations

epinephrine...

At the top of the autonomic nervous system hierarchy, the __________ controls most of the autonomic nervous system functions via the reticular formation.

hypothalamus

Visceral responses to emotion are mediated by the

hypothalamus

All of the following are effects of the sympathetic nervous system except

increase in digestion

A women was prescribed scopolamine (a muscarinic receptor antagonist) for motion sickness for a 10 day cruise. During the trip she started to experience: dry mouth, pupil dilation, increased heart rate, difficulty voiding urine. The drug's symptoms are due to

inhibition of parasympathetic NS

The sympathetic nervous system differs from the parasympathetic. Which of the following is not a description of the sympathetic NS A it is craniosacral in origin. B some fibers release norepinephrine. C its effects are more diffuse than they are localized. D its effects last longer than the parasympathetic. E none of the above, all describe sympathetic F all the above are not sympathetic G more than one of the above

it is craniosacral in origin

The autonomic nervous system's nerves are?

motor only

Arrector pili muscle contraction is due to which ANS division

parasympathetic

Constriction of blood vessel of digestive tract is due to which ANS division

parasympathetic

Drugs classified as alpha-blockers can help decrease

parasympathetic

Pupil dialation is due to which ANS division?

parasympathetic

Relaxation of bladder smooth muscle wall is due to w hich ANS division

parasympathetic

The ___ system is characterized by long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers

parasympathetic

All somatic neurons and all ___________ release acetylcholine

postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division, and preganglionic fibers of the autonomic nervous system

The pain felt in the left arm during a heart attack is known as ______________.

referred pain

Atropine, which blocks muscarinic receptors, could cause all of the following except:

skeletal muscle paralysis.

Norepinephrine is secreted by ________

some axons of the sympathetic nervous system

Which area of the body receives no innervation by the parasympathetic nervous system

sweat glands

Bronchoconstriction is due to which ANS division?

sympathetic

Decreased Heart Rate is due to which ANS division?

sympathetic

Dilation of blood vessel of digestive tract is due to which ANS division

sympathetic

Relaxation of the bladder's sphincters is due to which ANS division

sympathetic

The ___ system is characterized by short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers

sympathetic

Which ANS division is responsible for increased urine output

sympathetic

ncreased gastrointestinal (digestive) activity is due to which ANS division?

sympathetic

The ______ division will produce a diffuse effect rather then local effect. The ______ division's has a short duration

sympathetic = diffuse effect; parasympathetic = short duration

The parotid salivary gland activity is controlled (altered) by the ___ system

sympathetic NS and parasympathetic NS

In general, sympathetic innervation travel to visceral organs via the lumbar and sacral splanchnic nerves. These nerves will inhibit the activity of these organs. This is logical because

sympathetic activity primes the body for physical activity and temporarily shuts down noncritical bodily activities.

Body temperature regulation is under the control of the:

sympathetic nervous system

Norepinephrine is released exclusively by the ______ axon

sympathetic postganglionic

A synonym for the autonomic nervous system reflects its major function. The synonym is ___________

the involuntary nervous system...

All of the following statements about the ANS are true, except: A preganglionic neuron cell bodies are in the CNS. B The autonomic ganglia are in the PNS. C autonomic ganglia contain only motor neurons. D the presynaptic axons extend to the effectors. E none of the above, all are true

the presynaptic axons extend to the effectors

Muscarinic receptors differ from nicotinic receptors in:

they can be inhibitory

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers exit the spinal cord via the ________ root and enter the__________

ventral root; sympathetic trunk