Chapter 14- Energy generation in mitochondria and chloroplasts
true
.Mitochondria can change their location, shape, and number in the cell to suit the needs of a cell. A. True B. False
High ATP/ADP ratio
.What is the ratio of ATP and ADP concentrations in the cytosol of a cell?
They are replaced by chloroplasts in plants
.Which of the following is NOT true of mitochondria? A. They are similar in size and shape to bacteria. B. They contain their own DNA and RNA. C. They contain an outer membrane, and inner membrane, and two internal compartments. D. They are replaced by chloroplasts in plants. E. Inside a cell, they are mobile, constantly changing shape and position.
glucose
.Which of the following is not a direct source of fuel for mitochondria? A. Glucose B. Pyruvate C. Fatty acids
can either produce or break down ATP depending on the magnitude of the electrochemical proton gradient.
ATP synthase
inner mitochondrial membrane
In a eukaryotic cell, where are most of the proteins for the electron transport chain located?
O2
In mitochondria, what is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
30
In mitochondria, with the complete breakdown of glucose, about how many molecules of ATP can be produced for each molecule of glucose oxidized?
pump protons across a membrane.
In the electron transport chain, as electrons move along a series of carriers, they release energy that is used to:
H2O
In the electron transport chain, what provides the main reservoir for protons that are pumped across the membrane? A. NADH B. H2O C. Glucose
From the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix
It is energetically favorable for protons to flow in which direction? A. From the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix B. From the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space
NADH and FADH2
The electron transport chain accepts high-energy electrons from: A. ATP. B. pyruvate. C. NADH and FADH2. D. acetyl CoA.
from the matrix to the intermembrane space.
The electron transport chain pumps protons:
evolved from bacteria engulfed by ancestral cells billions of years ago.
The organelles that produce ATP in eukaryotic cells: A. reproduce sexually. B. harbor eukaryotic-like biosynthetic machinery for making RNA. C. have a separate set of DNA that contains many of the same genes found in the nucleus. D. evolved from bacteria engulfed by ancestral cells billions of years ago.
true
The outer membrane of a mitochondrion is permeable to all small molecules, including small proteins. A. True B. False
true
The proton gradient can drive the active transport of metabolites into and out of the mitochondrion. A. True B. False
ATP
What is the main chemical energy currency in cells?
ATP synthase cleaves ATP to form ADP and Pi
What occurs when ATP synthase pumps H+ across a membrane against the electrochemical proton gradient?
produce ATP
When protons move down their electrochemical gradient into the mitochondrial matrix, they:
a proton gradient
Which of the following drives the production of ATP from ADP and Pi by ATP synthase? A. A proton gradient B. A Na+ gradient C. Phosphorylation Which of the following drives the production of ATP from ADP and Pi by ATP synthase? A. A proton gradient B. A Na+ gradient C. Phosphorylation Which of the following drives the production of ATP from ADP and Pi by ATP synthase? A. A proton gradient B. A Na+ gradient C. Phosphorylation
bacteria
Which of the following organisms do not have mitochondria in their cells?
Oxidative phosphorylation
Which of the following processes involves a membrane? A. Substrate level phosphorylation B. Oxidative phosphorylation
A. Electrons start out at very high energy and lose energy at each transfer step.
Which of the following statements is true about the electron transport chain? A. Electrons start out at very high energy and lose energy at each transfer step. B. Electrons start out at very low energy and gain energy at each transfer step. C. Electrons gain and release energy as they move from one complex to another in the electron transport chain.
FADH2 feeds its electrons into the electron transport chain further along the chain.
Why does a single molecule of NADH result in the production of more ATP molecules than a single molecule of FADH2 via oxidative phosphorylation?
pumps protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane
he movement of electrons through the electron transport chain:
