Chapter 14 Lessons Review

English Channel

After Russia won victories in eastern Prussia, Germany opened a front in the _______

Ultimatum

After the assassination, Austria sent Serbia an _____, or final set of demands

By declaring war on Russia

How did Germany respond when Russia began to mobilize for war

raising taxes and borrowing money

How did governments pay for the war

They urged Austria- Hungary to stand firm against Serbia

How did the Germans first respond to the assassination of the archduke

By providing a moral boost

How were American soldiers the most help to the Allied effort

Mandates

In theory, __________ were to be modernized until they could "stand alone"

territory or wealth

Some colonists volunteered in hopes that, in return, they would win __________

soldiers, workers, and supplies

The Allies used their colonies for ____________

Treaty of Versailles

The German's resented the terms of the __________

Dardanelles

The Turks closed off Allied ships from their link to the Black Sea and Russia, the______

reparations

The ______ imposed by the Allies on Germany totaled over $30 billion

League of Nations

The establishment of the ____________ was Wilson's most important goal at the peace conference

Competition for colonies

What brought France and Germany twice to the brink of war in the early 1900's

Poland

What country gained its independence following World War I

the spread of communism

What did conservatives fear would happen in the chaotic climate after the war

to weaken Germany and make it pay for the war

What goal for the postwar peace was shared by the British and French leaders

unrestricted submarine warfare

What helped to persuade the Americans to enter the war

An assassination

What helped to start World War I

It formed a world court to settle disputes between nations

What move toward lasting peace was made by the First Universal Peace Conference

to pull Russia out of the war

What promise did Vladimir Lenin make and keep when he came to power in Russia

the death of 8.5 million people

What was a cost of World War I

Aggressive nationalism

What was a leading cause of international tension in the early 1900's

An arms race

What was one result of militarism

to discourage outside attacks

What was the main intention of the alliances formed among European nations

Mobilize

When Austria refused to soften its demands, Russia began to ________, or prepare its military for war

Verdun

When the war reached a stalemate, the German's tried to overrun the French at ______

Serbian revolutionaries

Who was (were) angered by Archdukes Francis Ferdinand's visit to Bosnia.

to prevent discouraging news from reaching the public

Why did governments censor the press during the war

to protect Belgium

Why did the British declare war on Germany

German factories outproduced British factories

Why did the British feel threatened by Germany

Returning soldiers wanted the jobs

Why did women give up theirs jobs at the end of the war

Imperial rule was not ended

Why were some colonized peoples unhappy with the terms of the peace conference

mechanized war

World War I was the first _________

Francis Ferdinand

_______ was assassinated in Sarajevo in 1914

Gavrilo Princip

_______, a member of the terrorist group the Black Hand, assassinated an archduke

Neutrality

________ is a policy of supporting neither side in a war

armistice

an agreement to end fighting

Pan Slavism

followers believed that all Slavic peoples shared a common nationality

Militarism

glorification of all military

atrocity

horrible act against innocent people

Allies

the alliance of France, Britain, and Russia

Central powers

the alliances of Germany and Austria- Hungary

total war

the channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war effort

propaganda

the spreading of ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause

Zeppelins

what did Germany use to bomb the English coast

Trench warfare

what method of fighting did armies use on the western front

limits on the size of its military

what was imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles

no man's land

what was the area between opposing trenches called in World War I

Western Front

what was the western area of fighting called in World War I