Chapter 14 Practice Questions

ambition

Alice, age 75, is a gifted artist who feels that only her _____ has/have changed as a result of her being older.

telomere; duplication

All of Nik's cells have reached the Hayflick limit. This means that for each cell, the _____ gone, _____ stops, and Nik will die.

young-old

An 85-year-old man enjoys good health and actively participates in family and community activities. Gerontologists would MOST likely describe this person as being:

depression

An elderly person who displays excessive attention to minor memory losses is MOST likely suffering from:

frontotemporal NCD

Anson is 75 years old and has recently been experiencing a change in his personality. He is acting more impulsively and does not seem to care about his loved ones, to whom he has always been very devoted. While he was always frugal with his money, he is now gambling frequently and losing much of his retirement savings. He does not seem to be experiencing any physical symptoms. From which is Anson MOST likely suffering?

selective optimization

Brighter lights, large and darker print, corrective glasses, and magnifying glasses may help an individual's vision. These changes are examples of:

not everyone develops it

Cardiovascular disease can be considered a cause of secondary aging because:

ageist

Carlotta believes that all teenagers are disrespectful to adults and avoids places with teenagers for this reason. Carlotta's belief indicates that she's an:

ageism

Carolyn is 65 years old and is eligible for the senior discount at a local restaurant. This discount is an example of:

telomeres same length; Cynthia's longer than David's

David is African American and Cynthia is European American, and they were both born on the same day. At birth ____, and now they are older adults, so _____.

prefrontal

Difficulty planning, inhibiting unwanted responses, and coordinating thoughts might be seen in late adulthood due to the shrinkage of the _____ cortex with age.

Hayflick limit

Dr. Thompson believes that, with each cellular change and duplication over time, our telomeres become shorter at the end of each chromosome until the telomere is gone and there is a loss of molecular fidelity, which leads to aging and eventual death. Dr. Thompson is a proponent of:

cellular-aging

Dr. Washington believes that aging is a product of how molecules are damaged over time due to environmental stress and toxins. Dr. Washington is a proponent of the _____ theory.

source amnesia

Eighty-one-year-old Carmelita told her daughter that she believes that she will have to move out of her house because someone purchased it. What she forgets is that her neighbor expressed an interest in purchasing her house if Carmelita decides to move. Carmelita's confusion was brought on by:

primary and secondary aging

Elderly individuals are not more likely to have accidents, but they are more likely to suffer complications from accidents or to recover more slowly than younger individuals because of:

second

Estelle has Alzheimer's disease. Recently, her speech has become aimless and repetitive, she is experiencing more confusion, and at times gets her words mixed up. She is MOST likely in which stage of the disease?

optimizing

Frank is 74 years old and has realized that the young idea of good sex is no longer relevant. Instead he compensates for his physical changes by _____ his relationship with his wife in other ways.

maintaining erection

Geoff and his wife Sheila are middle-aged, have been married for 25 years, and have reported that their sex life has deteriorated due to a major concern of Geoff's. According to the text, Geoff would likely have difficulty:

Lewy body dementia

Greta is 81 years old and has been experiencing vivid hallucinations, frequent falls, and at times she loses attention and behaves inappropriately, as if she has no inhibitions. From which is Greta MOST likely suffering?

fifth

Hank has Alzheimer's disease and has recently become unresponsive, recognizing no one, and having no idea who he is. He is MOST likely in which stage of the disease?

plaques

In Alzheimer's disease, _____ are clumps of a protein called beta-amyloid that form around neurons.

100

In a study described in the text, Lodge and Umberson (2012) used a technique called grounded theory, interviewing married adults in depth about their sex lives. The researchers found that sex decreased in frequency with age for _____ percent of their sample.

prospective memory paradox

Jacqueline forgot that she has her stove on but remembers that her granddaughter's birthday is two weeks away. This is an example of:

transmission between neurons remain same

Janine is 56 years old and has been told by doctors that she has white matter lesions. Which statement is NOT true regarding these legions?

Parkinson's disease

Jim is 78 years old and has been experiencing muscle tremors and rigidity. His hand shakes when he tries to pick up objects, and he has started walking with a shuffle. From which is Jim MOST likely suffering?

young-old

John is 67 years old and works as a vice president for a software company. He enjoys running and spending time with his grandchildren. John BEST fits in the category of adulthood that gerontologists call the:

self-actualized

Johnna is 78 years old. She is deeply connected with nature, continuing to go for nature walks on a daily basis, and is very involved with her church, regularly attending services and praying throughout the day. She also has a well-developed sense of humor and is loved by her family, congregation, and community. Maslow would likely describe Johnna as:

source

Julia heard a rumor about her neighbors and quickly went to tell her daughter. However, she was unable to tell her daughter where the rumor started. Which form of amnesia is Julia exhibiting?

sex life improved

Karen and Jack are in their late 70s and report that they have been having sex less frequently due to Jack's health. According to the text, Karen and Jack would likely find that their:

Alzheimer's disease

Kenneth has been found to have the ApoE4 gene. This means that he has about a 50/50 chance of developing:

Progeria (Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome)

Lindsay is 6 years old, has stopped growing, and has no hair and very wrinkled skin. Lindsay may have a condition known as:

30

Margaret is one of the _____ percent of people age 70 or older who has visual loss because of cataracts.

old-old

Marjorie is in her early 80s. She lives by herself and fixes her own meals and takes care of daily needs on her own, but she hires someone to do her housecleaning for her and relies on her neighbor to drive her where she needs to go. She keeps her high blood pressure under control through diet and the use of medication. Marjorie BEST fits in the category of adulthood that gerontologists call the:

disease will progress slowly

Mina is middle-aged, has Down syndrome, and was recently diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Which statement regarding her illness is FALSE?

rejects the idea

Patricia is 81 years old. Like many others her age, Patricia _____ that intercourse is the only measure of sexual experience.

wear and tear

Phil is 60 years old and has been an avid runner for 40 years. Recently, he has had to have both of his knees replaced and swimming is now his main form of exercise. Phil's case provides support for the _____ theory of aging.

vascular disease

Phyllis has experienced repeated TIAs, most of which she has not even been aware of. Phyllis will MOST likely develop:

ecological validity

Research suggests that time of day and location (home versus lab) should be considered when measuring memory. This is referred to as:

competence

Richard, a 77-year-old man, held the door for another man who replied by saying, "Thank you, young sir." According to the text, this is example may influence Richard's feelings of:

macular degeneration

Roberta is in her late 80s and recently has noticed that some letters or words seem to be missing when she reads the newspaper. Based on this symptom, it is possible that Roberta may suffer from:

less attractive

Roberto and his wife Michele are middle-aged and have been married for 32 years. They have reported that their sex life has deteriorated due to a major concern of Michele's. According to the text, Michele would likely worry that she's:

primary aging

Sally is 85 years old and recently fell and broke her hip. While she was in the hospital, she developed pneumonia. Sally's development of pneumonia is MOST likely due to changes associated with:

stereotype threat

Seventy-eight-year-old Emily is asked to participate in a study on aging and memory. When she enters the room to take the memory test she sees that all of the other subjects are 25 years younger. Emily's scores end up being significantly lower than the scores of others despite having no symptoms of dementia. Emily's scores were affected by:

input

Seventy-seven-year-old Martha was surprised to learn that her daughter, Isabel, was angry at her all day for saying something rude to Isabel's husband. When Isabel said, "Mom I have been angry at you all day," Martha said, "I had no idea you were upset with me." Studies indicate that the reason Martha could not detect her daughter's anger is because many older adults have a reduced ability to read emotions by looking at the eyes of others. With respect to the information-processing approach, this inability reflects a problem in:

life review

Supat is 86 years old and is examining his role in the history of human life. Some would say that Supat is engaging in:

output

The final step in information processing is:

false

The life review is likely to bring on a bout of depression is a _____ statement.

secondary aging

The type of aging that involves the accumulated consequences of what people and societies do is referred to as:

insufficient oxygen in brain tissue

Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) lead to:

rat B live longer than rat A

Two rats from the same genetic strain are placed in the exact same environments. Rat A receives the typical caloric intake for a rat of its size and breed. Rat B is on the same diet as rat A, but its caloric intake is 30 percent lower. According the latest studies on calorie restriction:

brain tumor

Vascular disease can occur in all of these situations EXCEPT when the person has a:

sensory-input problems

What might make an older adult less adept at reading the emotions of others?

elderspeak

When Dr. Black, who is 90 years old, goes to the doctor's office, the staff at the office often speak to her slowly and in a high-pitched tone. Dr. Black has perfect hearing and is mentally competent, and she often finds this behavior patronizing and insulting. Dr. Black is being subjected to:

second

When Rosemary accused her daughter-in-law of stealing the spatula that she herself misplaced, she was MOST likely in the _____ stage of Alzheimer's disease.

Progeria

Which condition(s) produce(s) premature aging and early death?

compensation

Which factor does NOT contribute to the slowing down of the brain in primary aging?

forgetting where one heard info.

Which is NOT likely to be seen in older adults as they experience sensory-input problems?

poorest nations

Which nations have the lowest occurrence of major NCDs?

not

Working quickly increases accuracy with age is _____ true about cognition in late adulthood.

macular degeneration

_____ causes blindness about five years after it begins.

Erikson

_____ described people whose lives come together in a "re-synthesis of all the resilience and strengths already developed" as reaching integrity.