Chapter 14 Review

The charge on a proton is:

+1e

The letter e represents the elementary charge. In normal matter, the charge that would not be found is:

+2.5e

The mass of an electron is about:

1800 times lighter than a proton

The diagrams below, in which arrows indicate the direction of movement, represent charged particles placed near one another. The diagram that correctly represents the motion of the charged particles is:

3 or 4

A common isotope of Carbon has an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 13. How many neutrons are in an atom of this isotope?

7

19. Which of the reactions shown in Figure 14-1A illustrates beta decay?

A

In Rutherford's gold foil experiment, he bombarded gold foil with helium ions. Which type of radioactivity shown in Figure 14-1A was responsible for creating the helium ions?

Beta Decay

What is the fundamental property of matter that can either be positive or negative?

Charge

Electrons with higher energy are located:

Farther from the nucleus of the atom

Atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic mass are called:

Isotopes

Electrons are bound to the nucleus by:

Magnetism

An atom absorbs energy as its electrons:

Move from a low energy level to a high energy level

A particle with zero charge found in the nucleus of an atom is called a(n):

Neutron

Many models have been developed to explain the nature of atoms. The model that helped scientists to understand energy levels of atoms was developed by:

Niels Bohr.

What do we call the tiny core at the center of an atom, containing most of the atom's mass and all of its positive charge?

Nucleus

The ____ is one kind of particle that makes up the atom and carries a positive charge.

Proton

Why don't all the electrons in an atom fall to the lowest energy level?

The lowest energy level can only hold 2 electrons.

Do any of the atom diagrams below represent atoms of the same element?

Yes, atom A and C are the same element.

Protons and neutrons in the nucleus are held together by:

a strong nuclear force

According to Figure 14-1A, which of the following statements is true of gamma radiation? a. It is a form of pure energy. b. It is a high energy electron. c. It is a nucleus of a helium atom. d. All of the above

a. It is a form of pure energy.

The "building blocks" of matter are:

atoms and molecules

Which of the following is a TRUE statement about atoms? a. All atoms of the same element have the same number of electrons, protons, and neutrons. b. Atoms of different elements may have different numbers of protons in the nucleus. c. All atoms of the same element have the same number of electrons and protons, but may have different numbers of neutrons. d. The number of neutrons in an atom is equal to the number of protons.

c. All atoms of the same element have the same number of electrons and protons, but may have different numbers of neutrons.

A charged particle that accounts for nearly half the mass of an atom is the:

electron

The mass of an atom is determined mainly by the:

mass of the neutrons and protons

Compared to protons, electrons have:

much smaller mass and opposite charge

Atomic number is:

the number of protons in an atom

A charged particle that accounts for nearly half the mass of an atom is the:

the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

The charge on a complete atom is equal to:

zero