Chapter 14 Study Guide
In which situation would the past medical history NOT lead to important pre-hospital treatment?
A 30-year-old post-seizure patient with a history of epilepsy
I'm not allergic to anything
Allergies
Which of the following would appear in the secondary assessment of a medical patient with no signs of trauma or significant mechanism of injury?
Assess history of present illness
The _______ ________ is what the patient tells you is the problem.
Chief Complaint
When performing the rapid trauma assessment, the EMT should examine the patient for wounds, tenderness, and
Deformities
Nine significant mechanisms of injury
Ejection A death in the same passenger compartment Falls over 15 feet, 3 times the patient height Rollover of vehicle High speed vehicle collision Vehicle pedestrian collision Motorcycle crash Unresponsive/alerted mental status Penetrating of head, chest, or abdomen
I've felt fine today until this
Events leading up to the illness
I ate lunch at noon
Last oral intake
The first step of the focused history and physical exam is to reconsider the
Mechanism of Injury
The most common medical identification device is the what?
Medic Alert tag
I take one baby aspirin a day.
Medications
I was working on my car in the garage
Onset
I have high blood pressure.
Pertinent past history
I think I might have lifted something too heavy
Provokes
The pain is sharp
Quality
The pain goes into my left armpit
Radiation
The patient's statement "I feel like I just can't get enough air when I breathe" best relates to what letter of the SAMPLE mnemonic?
S
The pain is a 6 on a scale of 0 to 10.
Severity
I'm sick to my stomach, too.
Signs/symptoms
The pain started about an hour ago.
Time
means "injury," and injuries can range from slight to severe, from a cut finger to a massive wound
Trauma
Often found on the refrigerator door, the what is commonly used to convey important medical information to EMS personnel at times when the patient cannot.
Vial of Life
It is important to observe and reobserve your patient, not only to determine his condition when you first see him, but to note
any changes
Flat neck veins in a patient who is lying flat indicate
blood loss
The EMT's physical examination of the responsive medical patient is usually
brief/focused
When assessing the circulation of a young child or infant, the EMT should remember to check:
capillary refill
Paradoxical motion is most commonly associated with
chest injury
Which of the following would you be LEAST likely to obtain with an unresponsive medical patient?
chief complaint
Information about a patient's drug or alcohol use should be considered what by the EMT.
confidential
The medical term for bruising is
contusion
List the eight things to look for when assessing for wounds, tenderness, and deformities to areas of a patient's body
deformities, contusions, abrasions, punctures/penetrations, burns, tenderness, lacerations, swelling
The assessment procedure usually performed on seriously injured or ill patients en route to the hospital is the
detailed physical exam
Areas that an EMT-B will assess in the detailed physical examination that were not assessed during the rapid trauma assessment include the
ears, eyes, nose, and mouth
The recommended interval for conducting the reassessment for stable patients is
every 15 minutes
The best way to calm a frightened trauma patient is through
explanation of procedures
In a rapid assessment of the body, the area that an EMT-B would examine last is (are) the
extremities
All the following would be considered "significant" mechanisms of injury except:
fall from a standing position, less than 6 feet
The physical examination of the responsive medical patient is a:
focused exam centered on the area of complaint.
After the rapid trauma assessment, the more thorough assessment that an EMT performs is the
focused physical exam
The EMT's findings during the reassessment are particularly important for the
hospital staff
When you assess areas of the patient's body, you will evaluate them in two main ways: __________ and __________
inspecting & palpating
During the reassessment, attempt to look at a patient as if you had never seen him before when checking
interventions
Cut, open wounds that sometimes cause significant blood loss are known as
lacerations
During the reassessment __________, must be watched for continually and managed immediately when discovered.
life threats
The only thing that should prevent an EMT from performing the ongoing assessment of a patient is
life-saving interventions
The decision to do a rapid trauma assessment is based on
mechanism of injury
Try to ask what kind of questions when gathering a history of the present illness.
open-ended
On most runs by EMT crews, most of the history of the present illness for a child is usually gathered from the:
parents.
Just how often to conduct the reassessment is determined by the
patient's condition
For the unresponsive medical patient, the EMTs would begin by:
performing a rapid physical examination
The "Q" in OPQRST stands for what?
quality
During the __________, you will repeat key elements of assessment procedures you have already performed.
reassessment
When reassessing oxygen delivery to a patient, you should check the __________, the __________, the tubing, and the mask.
regulator, flowmeter
To be able to accurately assess a medical patient, it is easiest if the patient is
responsive
When gathering a history directly from a child, it is often best if the EMT starts by getting on the what with the patient.
same level
Make sure the cervical collar is the right for the patient
size
Crepitation refers to the
sound or feel of broken bones rubbing
In trauma situations, the "S" in SAMPLE history can stand for all the following except
spinal status
Begin the assessment of infant and child trauma patients at the
toes
After assisting a patient with his/her prescribed medications, the EMT should still expect to what the patient?
transport
With any unresponsive medical patient, the EMT must also be alert for signs of possible what?
trauma
Reassessment is a means of determining
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