Chapter 15 (Database)
Use of a stream's water flow for such purposes as hydroelectric power. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
I
Eutrophication occurs when A. nutrient increase causes excessive plant growth. B. point source pollutants enter the groundwater. C. fecal coliform bacteria enters drinking water. D. an industry returns heated water to its source.
a
In the United States and Europe, the top use of water is for A. industry. B. agriculture. C. recreation. D. drinking water.
a
Pollution from a single pipe or series of pipes. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
a
Saltwater intrusion occurs when A. groundwater pumped from wells along the coastline causes saline groundwater to move inland. B. saltwater is added to wells. C. saltwater is added to lakes and ponds. D. saltwater is pushed upstream by encroaching storms.
a
The amount of oxygen required to decompose organic matter is called A. BOD. B. vadose zone. C. groundwater. D. DO.
a
The upper surface of shallow groundwater is called a(n) A. water table. B. aquifer. C. aquiclude. D. unconfined aquifer.
a
What is biochemical oxygen demand? A. amount of oxygen required to decay a certain amount of organic matter B. a necessary material that is in short supply C. method by which settled organic matter is returned to aeration tanks D. None of these are correct.
a
What percent of sewage is treated in North America? A. 90% B. 75% C. 50% D. 25%
a
Which of the following involves the removal of phosphorous and nitrogen from sewage? A. tertiary sewage treatment B. primary sewage treatment C. secondary sewage treatment D. activated sludge sewage treatment
a
Which of these is a common contaminant of drinking water? A. nitrates from fertilizer and manures B. chlorine from sewage treatment plants C. oxygen from aquatic animals D. macroinvertebrates in ripples
a
Worldwide, there is a relationship between the price of water and the amount consumed as the price A. increases and water use decreases. B. increases and water use increases. C. decreases and water use decreases. D. decreases and water use increases.
a
Worldwide, what two agricultural practices result in contamination of water? A. fertilizer and pesticide use B. creating buffer zones around all streams and ponds on a farm C. sewage treatment with chlorine and ozone D. regulation of point-source pollution
a
A trickling filter system is generally used during which stage of sewage treatment? A. primary B. secondary C. tertiary
b
In which of the following college campuses is a sustainability initiative to reduce water consumption not currently underway? A. Duke University in North Carolina B. University of California at Berkeley C. Princeton University in New Jersey D. Cuyamaca College in California
b
Removal of water from an aquifer faster than it is replaced. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
b
The largest watershed in the world is the A. Zambezi. B. Nile. C. Mississippi. D. Amazon.
b
The major consumptive use of water in most parts of the world is for A. domestic use. B. agricultural use. C. in-stream use. D. industrial use.
b
The term used to indicate processes that remove chemicals and pathogens from water is A. deionized. B. purified. C. pasteurized. D. distilled.
b
The vegetable basket of the United States in central California has what water problem? A. flooding B. groundwater depletion C. excessive use of dams D. mitigation of wetlands
b
Unpolluted freshwater supplies are known as A. approved public water supplies. B. potable waters. C. pristine water source. D. aquifers.
b
Water lost through the leaves of plants is called A. evaporation. B. evapotranspiration. C. photosynthesis. D. diffusion.
b
Water supplies are distributed A. equally around the world. B. unequally around the world. C. throughout the world. D. None of these are correct.
b
What two land uses result in substantial wetland loss in the United States? A. rural development and forestry B. urban development and agriculture C. national parks and forestry D. military bases and rangeland grazing
b
By the year 2025, it is projected that _____ percent of the world's population will live in water-stressed river basins. A. 28 B. 38 C. 48 D. 58
c
Layer of earth material that can transmit water sufficient for water supply purposes. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
c
Most large urban areas depend on which of the following for their water supply? A. large reservoirs B. rivers C. groundwater D. None of these are correct.
c
The fastest-growing drink of choice in many parts of the world is A. coffee. B. soda. C. bottled water. D. beer.
c
The porous layer where water accumulates in the ground is called a(n) A. aquitard. B. confined aquifer. C. aquifer. D. aquiclude.
c
The process by which the Earth's water cleanses itself through solar evaporation, precipitation, and infiltration is called A. evapotranspiration. B. geologic cycle. C. hydrologic cycle. D. overland runoff.
c
What two activities use the most water for a typical North American family of four? A. bathing and cooking B. dishes and drinking C. lawns and toilets D. laundry and car washing
c
Which of the following is a source of groundwater pollution? A. increased organic matter B. thermal pollution C. agricultural runoff D. oxygen depletion
c
Which of these is an issue that commonly results in an international water dispute? A. hydroelectric facilities B. recreational use permits C. quotas and water allocation to different stakeholder groups D. wetland mitigation
c
In the United States, Las Vegas Nevada is one of the fastest growing population centers and this has resulted in A. an increase in demand for water. B. forcing the city to look for water farther away. C. many people having to move away from the city. D. Both an increase in demand for water and forcing the city to look for water farther away are correct.
d
In the United States, two agencies set the drinking water standards... one of which is the A. Department of Transportation. B. Department of Homeland Security. C. Department of Labor. D. Food and Drug Administration.
d
Plants in natural wetlands are able to remove _______ if sufficient river miles are undisturbed. A. radioactive isotopes B. DDT C. PCB D. nutrients
d
Underground tank into which sewage is pumped. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
d
Water intended for human consumption is referred to as A. distilled water. B. artesian water. C. ground water. D. drinking water.
d
Water is the most important "good" provided by freshwater systems for human uses such as A. households. B. agriculture. C. industry. D. All of these are correct.
d
What may be the effect of toxic chemicals on humans? A. increased costs of water treatment B. increased risk of certain cancers C. reduced availability and healthfulness of fish D. All of these are correct.
d
Which nutrient(s) stimulates algae and aquatic plant growth? A. nitrates B. lead C. phosphates D. nitrates and phosphates
d
Which of the following accounts for two-thirds of all human-caused marine oil pollution? A. runoff from streets B. improper disposal of lubricating oil C. discharges during loading and unloading of oil tankers D. All of these are correct.
d
Which of the following is NOT a problem associated with groundwater mining? A. saltwater intrusion B. subsidence C. exhaustion of water supply D. loss of wildlife habitat
d
Which of the following is a source of groundwater contamination? A. agricultural products B. septic tanks C. radioactive disposal sites D. All of these are correct.
d
Which of the following removes larger particles from sewage by screening or settling? A. tertiary sewage treatment B. activated sludge sewage treatment C. secondary sewage treatment D. primary sewage treatment
d
Worldwide, the top use of water is for A. drinking water. B. industry. C. recreation. D. agriculture.
d
Aquifer that is bound on the top and bottom by confining layers. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
e
Aquifer that usually occurs near the land's surface. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
e
Activated sludge sewage treatment is a type of primary wastewater treatment.
f
Lead found in drinking water is the leading cause of lead exposure.
f
Oxygen depletion can cause increased decomposition of organic matter.
f
Shorelands and wetlands are inadequate as buffers and filters for polluted water.
f
Tertiary treatment removes large particles by filtering water through large screens.
f
The Environmental Protection Agency helps regulate water uses in the United Kingdom.
f
The U.S. Federal Wild and Scenic Rivers Act of 1968 requires all federal agencies to consider the wild, scenic, or recreational value of rivers when planning river or adjacent land use.
f
The amount of runoff and evaporation is directly related to land use.
f
The largest consumptive use of water is for municipal drinking water.
f
There is little difference between point and non-point source pollution.
f
Treated wastewater that meets federal and state standards drinking water standards is diverted for municipal drinking water for human consumption.
f
Water is a nonrenewable resource because once it is polluted, it is no longer potable.
f
Water moves through a cycle referred to as the "water yield cycle."
f
Water supplies are distributed evenly around the world.
f
Water that infiltrates the soil and is stored underground is called runoff.
f
hortages of potable water can be attributed chiefly to natural, physical processes.
f
An impermeable layer in an artesian aquifer. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
g
A permeable layer in an artesian aquifer. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
h
Physical process of transferring water from one area to another. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
j
Pressurized aquifer intersecting the surface from which water gushes without being pumped A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
k
Diffuse pollutants, such as agricultural runoff that are not from a single source. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
l
Method of disposing of solid waste that involves burying the waste. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
m
Top of the layer of water in an aquifer. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
n
Pond created to hold liquid materials. A. point source B. water table C. aquifer D. septic tank E. unconfined aquifer F. confined aquifer G. aquiclude H. aquitard I. in-stream uses J. water diversion K. artesian aquifer L. groundwater mining M. landfills N. nonpoint source O. surface impoundment
o
"Water stress" is a situation in which disruptive water shortages can frequently occur.
t
A major source of water pollution is municipal sewage.
t
Agricultural runoff and mine drainage are examples of point sources of pollution.
t
An influx of organic compounds containing nitrogen and phosphorus into aquatic environments can cause an increase in aquatic plant and algae growth.
t
Approximately 15% of bottled water is actually processed tap water.
t
Cooling ponds and cooling towers are methods of controlling thermal pollution.
t
Groundwater mining accounts for nearly half of the drinking water in the United States.
t
Land use has an impact in how water infiltrates and on surface runoff.
t
Las Vegas, Nevada, has seen a great increase in the demand for water since it is one of the fastest growing regions in the U.S.
t
Marine oil pollution is a type of water pollution.
t
Protected forested watersheds help to maintain a steady flow of drinking water to many areas.
t
Temperature change in water can alter the kinds and number of plants and animals.
t
The energy needed to drive the hydrologic cycle is provided by the sun
t
Thermal pollution occurs when industry returns heated water to its source.
t
Water diversion is part of the water-use planning process.
t
Water is a solvent that can dissolve and carry substances, such as nutrients and domestic waste.
t