Chapter 15 Human Bio questions

chemoreceptors

Changes in blood pH are detected by sensory receptors called

The type of photoreceptor that is more concentrated in the center of the retina, allows for color vision and responds to bright light is called a ________cell.

Cone

True or false: If you draw a dot on a piece of paper and move it slowly towards you with both eyes open, the dot eventually disappears due to your blind spot.

False

An abnormally high buildup of aqueous humor in the eye is called

Glaucoma

The sensory receptors for the sense of smell are ______called cells.

Olfactory

The external flap of the human outer ear is called the

Pinna

The layer of the human eye that contains the rods and cones is called the

Retina

proprioceptors

The mechanoreceptors that detect the stretch of tendons and relaxation of muscles are known as

The fluid in the ____ compartment of the eye is the aqueous humor while the fluid in the______chamber is the vitreous humor.

anterior; posterior

In the human eye, the ______ humor is watery in consistency, the ______ humor is gelatinous.

aqueous; vitreous

Select all structures that are components of the human outer ear.

auditory canal modified sweat glands pinna

Chemoreceptors are located in which areas of the human body?

carotid arteries, nose and mouth

Sensory receptors that are plasma membrane receptors that bind to particular molecules are most likely

chemoreceptors

The middle coat of the eye that absorbs stray light is called the

choroid

The middle layer of the eye with a dark pigment to absorb stray light is the

choroid

The shape of the lens changes for near or far vision due to the action of the ______body.

ciliary body

The photoreceptors that allows fine detail and color of an object are the

cone cells.

Select the correct descriptions of the choroid layer of the human eye.

contains a dark pigment, has an extensive blood supply, absorbs stray light

The clear portion of the anterior portion of the outer layer of the eye is called the

cornea

The transparent portion of the outer eye that allows light to enter the eye is the

cornea

Sensory receptors in the skin that detect touch, pressure, pain, and temperature are collectively called ______ receptors.

cutaneous receptors

Which type of somatic receptor detects touch and pressure in the skin?

cutaneous receptors

The region of the retina where the cone cells are most densely packed and images are sharpest is called the

fovea centralis

Select all components of the retina.

fovea centralis,rods and cones

The area of the retina where cones are most densely concentrated is the

fovea centralis..

When drainage ducts of the anterior compartment are blocked and aqueous humor builds up the condition is known as

glaucoma

Mechanoreceptors in the utricle and saccule detect movement of the head in the vertical or horizontal planes. This affect

gravitational

The receptors involved with detecting when the head moves in a vertical or horizontal direction are used for____ equilibrium

gravitational

The sensory receptor cells for the senses of hearing and balance are called

hair cells.

Most cutaneous receptors are located

in the dermis.

Select all components of rod cells of the retina.

inner and outer segments, rhodopsin embedded in disks, synaptic vesicles

The part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil is the

iris

When someone refers to blue eyes, they are specifically referring to the color of the ______ .

iris

The ciliary muscle of the eye changes the shape of the

lens

The eye structure that changes shape in order to focus an image on the retina is the

lens

What structure divides the eye into anterior and posterior chambers?

lens

The receptors that detect stretch of tendons and movements of ligaments are a type of_______ called proprioceptors

mechanoreceptor

The olfactory cells are located in the

nasal cavity.

A sensory receptor is often a modified version of what type of cell?

neurons

Select all specific examples of chemoreceptors.

olfactory cells and taste cells

Individuals with color blindness are missing

one or more types of cones.

The ______ nerve carries signals from the retina to the visual cortex of the cerebrum

optic

The blind spot is the area of the eye where the____,______exits the retina.

optic nerve

The nerve that leaves the back of each eye is the

optic nerve.

The retina is located in what part of the eye?

posterior compartment

The opening in the front of the eye that is surrounded by the iris and through which light passes is the______ .

pupil

The opening in the front of the human eye through which light passes is called the

pupil

A sensory________ is cell that detects a specific type of stimulus.

receptor

Stimulation of pain receptors in an internal organ that is also felt in another area of the body is called_______pain.

referred

When a person is having a heart attack, the pain originating in the heart muscle is often felt in the left shoulder and arm. This is called

referred pain

The three layers, or coats, of the human eye are the choroid, the sclera, and the_____

retina

The light-absorbing pigment found in rods is

rhodopsin

The protein opsin and the molecule retinal combine to form the pigment found in rods called

rhodopsin

A sensory receptor that consists of an outer segment joined to an inner segment by a short stalk, with pigment molecules embedded in the membrane of disks that make up the outer segment, is most likely a(n)

rod cell.

Mechanoreceptors in the semicircular canals function in

rotational equilibrium.

The outermost layer of the human eye is the

sclera

The white fibrous outer layer of the eyeball is the

sclera

Select the three layers of the human eye.

sclera, retina, choroid

The three half-circle-shaped canals in the inner ear that function in the maintenance of rotational equilibrium are called

semicircular

Receptors for rotational equilibrium are located in the

semicircular canals.

The perception of a stimulus by the cerebral cortex is known as

sensation

When the cerebral cortex receives sensory information and consciously perceives it, this is called _______.

sensation

The somatic senses are those whose receptors are associated with which areas of the body?

skin,muscles,joints and viscera

Senses whose receptors are in the skin, muscles, joints, or viscera are called_____ senses.

somatic senses

The chemoreceptors located on the tongue for the detection of taste are found in structures called

taste buds.

Red-green color blindness is much more common in males because

the abnormal gene is on the X chromosome.

Stereocilia are long, stiff, microvilli that are present on the hair cells of

the inner ear

Visual accommodation occurs when

the lens changes shape for close vision.

The taste buds are located mostly on the_______

tongue

Select all the inner ear structures that convey impulses to the brain via the vestibular nerve.

utricle semicircular canals saccule

The nerve that carries impulses regarding equilibrium to the brain from the inner ear is called the

vestibular

The ability of the eye to focus at close distances by becoming more rounded as the ciliary muscles contract is called visual

visual accomondation