Chapter 15 Section 4
Who was Jefferson Davis
A former senator of Mississippi
What did Lincoln think about the idea of slavery?
A moderate who was against the spread of slavery, Lincoln promised not to abolish slavery where it already existed.
John J. Crittenden
A sentaor of Kentucky
What was the consequences John Brown and his men had to face for attempting to gather slaves to rebell against slave holders?
Brown was quickly convicted of treason, murder, and conspiracy. Some of his men received death sentences.
How did critcs of secession respond?
Critics of secession thought this argument was ridiculous.
What did Crittenden hope to do?
Crittenden hoped the country could avoid secession and a civil war.
How did Jefferson Davis respond to being the president of the confederacy?
Davis had hoped to be the commanding general of Mississippi's troops. He responded to the news of his election with reluctance.
What did John J. Crittenden do?
He proposed a series of amendments to satisfy the south by protecting slavery.
How did the southerners react to Brown's death?
Most southern whites: both slave-holders and non-slaveholders felt threat- ened by the actions of John Brown and was happy he died.
When was President Lincoln inaugurated?
President Lincoln was inaugurated on March 4, 1861.
What happened on December 20, 1860?
South Carolina seceded from the Union.
What happened within a week of Lincoln's election?
South Carolina's legislature called for a special convention. The delegates considered seccession.
Who did southern democrats choose as their candidate for the election of 1860 and why?
Southern Democrats backed the current vice president, John C. Breckinridge of Kentucky, who supported slavery in the territories.
What did southern secessionists believe?
Southern secessionists believed that they had a right to leave the Union. They pointed out that each of the original states had voluntarily joined the Union by holding a special convention that had ratified the Constitution. Surely, they reasoned, states could leave the Union by the same process.
What is another name for the Confederate States of America?
The Confederacy
What was the new political party that emerged in the election of 1860?
The Constitutional Union Party
How did the southerners react to the election results in the election of 1860? And what did this signal?
The election results angered southerners. Lincoln did not campaign in their region and did not carry any southern states, but he became the next president. The election signaled that the South was losing its national political power.
Why didn't the slaves revolt with John Brown?
The enslaved African Americans did not come to Harpers Ferry to revolt with Brown because they didn't trust him and they feared punishment if they joined.
What was a problem for the Democrats at the beginning of the election of 1860?
The northern and southern Democrats could not agree on a candidate.
Who did northern democrats choose as their candidate for the election of 1860?
The northern democrats chose senator Stephen Douglas as their candidate.
What did Lincoln believe and oppose?
While he believed that U.S. citizens had the power to change their government through majority consent, he opposed the idea that southern states could leave the Union because they were unhappy with the government's position on slavery.
What happened While the South Carolina representatives were meeting in Charleston to discuss secession?
While the South Carolina representatives were meeting in Charleston to discuss secession, Congress examined a plan to save the Union.
What did the rest of the nominee's think about Lincoln's chance to win the election of 1860?
Douglas, Breckinridge, and Bell each knew he might not win the election. They hoped to win enough electoral votes to prevent Lincoln from winning in the electoral college.
What happened when John Brown and his men fled to the firehouse.
Federal troops arrived in Harpers Ferry the following night. The next morning, Colonel Robert E. Lee ordered a squad of marines to storm the firehouse. In a matter of seconds, the marines killed two more of Brown's men and captured the rest—including Brown.
What did Abraham Lincoln announce in his inaugural address?
He announced in his inaugural address that he would keep all government property in the seceding states.
What did Lincoln hope to happen?
He hoped that, given time, southern states would return to the Union.
Who did members of the Constitutional Party select as their candidate in the election of 1860 and why?
John Bell because Bell was a slaveholder, but he had opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854.
What happned on the night of October 16, 1859?
John Brown's raid happened. In this raid he tried to gather slaves to revolt against slave holders. None of the slaves showed up and Brown was busted. White southerners then went and attacked him.
How did Aberham Lincoln respond to Crittenden's plan?
Lincoln disagreed with Crittenden's plan. He believed there could be no compromise about the extension of slavery. Lincoln wrote, "The tug has to come and better now than later." A Senate committee voted on Crittenden's plan, and every Republican rejected it, as Lincoln had requested.
What statement angered many southerners that Lincoln said after he won the election of 1860?
Lincoln insisted that he would not change slavery in the South. However, he said that slavery could not expand and thus would eventually die out completely. That idea angered many southerners.
What were the results of the election of 1860?
Lincoln won 180 of 183 electoral votes in free states. Douglas had the second-highest number of popular votes, but he won only one state. He earned just 12 electoral votes. Breckinridge and Bell split electoral votes in other slave states.
How did the Northerners react to Brown's death?
Many northerners mourned John Brown's death, but some abolitionists criticized his extreme actions.
What happened after South Carolina seceded from the Union?
Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas also seceded to form the Confederate States of America.
What did people in the south believe about slave labor?
People in the South believed their economy and way of life would be destroyed without slave labor.
How did President Buchanan respond to the idea of secession?
President Buchanan said the Union was not "a mere voluntary association of States, to be dissolved at pleasure by any one of the contracting parties."
Constitutional Union Party
Recognized "no political principles other than the Constitution of the country, the Union of the states, and the enforcement of the laws."
Who was the republicans leading candidate at the start of the convention, but why wasn't he nominated from the Republican Party?
Senator William Seward of New York was the Republicans' leading candidate at the start of their convention. But it turned out that Lincoln appealed to more party members.
What happened when the southern states seceded?
The question of who owned federal property in the South arose.
When was John Brown's death sentence carried out?
The sentence was carried out one month later on December 2, 1859.
Why did Lincoln win the election of 1860?
With a unified Republican Party behind him, Lincoln won.
John Brown's raid
began when he and his men took over the arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in hopes of starting a slave rebellion.
How did President-elect Abraham Lincoln respond to secession?
"No State, upon its own mere motion, can lawfully get out of the Union." Lincoln added, "They can only do so against [the] law, and by revolution."
How did Davis and the confederacy respond to the federal army taking their property back?
However, Confederate president Davis and the Confederacy were ready to prevent the federal army from controlling the property.
What happned in 1858 and what did this person want to do?
In 1858 John Brown tried to start an uprising. He wanted to attack the federal arsenal in Virginia and seize weapons there. He planned to arm local slaves. Brown expected to kill or take hostage white southerners who stood in his way. He urged abolitionists to give him money so that he could support a small army.
In writing his inaugural address what did Lincoln look to?
In writing his inaugural address, Lincoln looked to many of the nation's founding documents.
What did the confederacy guarantee?
Its new constitution guaranteed citizens the right to own slaves.
Who did Delegates from seceded states elect?
Jefferson Davis
