Chapter 15/16

electroconvulsive shock therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with

Severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

The_____ perspective of psychological disorders attributed symptoms of such ailments to forces that were beyond scientific understanding, such as black magic or evil spirits

Supernatural

Research finds that when receiving treatment for a substance use problem, the treatment has to last for at least_______ month(s) before a positive outcome is likely to be achieved.

Three

antipsychotic drugs, such as haldol, use are used to treat all of the following except

Visual hallucinations

Jeff is an unforgiving perfectionist who would rather deliver work a week late than turn in a project with even minor mistakes. In fact, he spends so much time working that he never has time for anything else. Jeff is known to be rigid, inflexible, and stubborn, and he never compromises. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jeff's personality?

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Dr. Kaplan is working with a Japanese-American client, and regards the client's silence as an indication that he is not happy to be in therapy. He fails to consider that his client has learned that authority figures should be shown deference and that his silence is a sign of respect. Dr. Kaplan is demonstrating ________.

poor cultural competence

About____ percent of those who seek treatment for a substance use problem tend to relapse and return to using drugs or alcohol after a period of abstinence

40-60

Researchers have found that approximately_____ percent of those with dissociative identify disorder were physically and/or sexually abused in childhood, leading to the conclusion that trauma can be a cause of this disorder

95%

Nicole is socially inhibited and oversensitive to negative evaluation. She was thinking about a career in nursing, but she changed her mind because she believes the doctors would criticize her and patients would reject her. She has never been on a date because she feels socially inept and unappealing; she avoids meeting new people because anything less than immediate, unconditional acceptance causes her anxiety. Just yesterday she was invited to go on a kayak trip, but she didn't go because she was worried she would embarrass herself. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nicole's personality?

Avoidant personality disorder

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Which principle underlies cognitive therapy?

How you think determines how you feel.

How is behavior therapy different than psychoanalysis?

In behavior therapy, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while psychoanalysis involves digging deeply into one's unconscious.

Of the following substances or substance groups, which is the only one where illicit use patterns are higher in those between 12 and 17 years old than those who are 18 and 25 years of age

Inhalants

Which of the following is the best example of a compulsion

Jordy locks his door exactly nine times every time he leaves the house to make sure it is locked.

Which of the following is a set of symptoms of behaviors that you might see in a person diagnosed with antisocial disorder

Lack of regard for others rights impulsivity deceitfulness irresponsibility and lack of remorse over misdeeds

Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why?

Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis.

Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model

Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.

At the most basic level, schizophrenia is best conceptualized as a

Psychotic

Which of the following is an example of hopelessness theory

Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about it—this leads her to become depressed.

Which child is most likely to receive treatment for her or his psychological challenge

Stavros, who suffers from ADHD

In the African American community, what had been found to play a significant role as an alternate source of support to mental health services

The church

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Which of the following is not a risk factor for suicide

being a fan of violent media (music, television shows, movies, etc.)

The approach to psychology suggesting that psychological disorders may be best explained by looking at genetic factors, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities is the ________ perspective.

biological perspective

Addiction is often viewed as a(an) ________ disease.

chronic

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________.

manic episode

Those symptoms that involve noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives in those afflicted with schizophrenia are called ________ symptoms.

negative

The amount of time a client spends in psychotherapy is determined by the client's needs as well as his or her ________.

personal goals

What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?

repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a stimulus hierarchy. Which form of therapy is she using?

systematic desensitization

How long does traditional psychoanalysis typically take

years

According to the textbook, which of these events would have the highest likelihood of causing ptsd

Being assaulted and robbed of your cash and credit cards

In order to overcome an eating disorder, sevilllas therapist works to change her distorted ways of thinking and self defeating actions by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

Cognitive behavioral therapy

Piper is terribly afraid of a number of different situations. She doesn't like riding on public busses or subways, finds open spaces very intimidating, does not like feeling "lost in a crowd," and prefers the safe and secure feeling of her own home. If these symptoms cause disruptions in her life, Piper might be diagnosed with ________.

agoraphobia

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders?

becoming split off, or dissociated, from one's core sense of self

Among older Korean Americans, approximately 14% polled felt that having a mentally ill family member would

bring shame to the family.

Christine and Susan have been together for 3 years and are thinking about getting married. Lately all they seem to do is fight, as they have trouble communicating over the slightest issue. Both are unhappy and are each thinking that they may need to call off the wedding. They go to see a(n) ________ therapist who might help them work through these communication issues and to help them build collaborative problem-solving strategies.

couples

In medieval times, what would be the most likely form of treatment for someone suffering the symptoms of a psychological illness

exorcism

Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.

free association

A particular benefit of ________ therapy is the possibility of decreasing a client's sense of shame and isolation about the problem they face, while also letting them offer support to others.

group

During the therapist's first meeting with the client, called ________, the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs.

intake

If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________.

often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

Jarl makes several minor mistakes during his conversational French class. Instead of thinking, "everyone makes mistakes sometimes," he thinks, "I am so stupid." What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

overgeneralization

Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

play therapy

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder.

posttraumatic stress

Dr. Piccolo is working with a family and determines that the parents do not make rules together and often contradict each other. This leads to confusion among the children who act out because they don't understand what is expected of them in the home. She helps them to get "on the same page" with regard to each family member's place in the home and helps the parents work on their own relationship as co-parents. This is called ________ family therapy.

structural

peripartum onset depression is a kind of depression

that applies to women who experience major depressive symptoms during or in the four weeks after a pregnancy.

Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

unconditional positive regard

Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during midwinter. What kind of depression does Alexis have?

seasonal pattern