Chapter 16 Connect Assignment

What is the goal of justifying your stance on a question of value?

To provide standards by which to measure the correctness of your opinion.

A persuasive speech that tries to convince the audience to go beyond merely agreeing is called a speech to gain immediate ______.

action.

If you were advocating stronger immigration laws, you would need to demonstrate a burden of ______ as part of the need.

proof

Place the steps of Monroe's motivated sequence in order from first (on top) to last.

1. Attention 2. Need 3. Satisfaction 4. Visualization 5. Action

Which type of speech urges an audience to get involved in supporting a particular policy, such as by signing a petition?

A speech to gain immediate action.

Which organizational pattern uses each main point to explain why the speaker's solution is preferable to other potential solutions?

Comparative advantages order.

Clotilde is giving a speech on why people should adopt a vegetarian lifestyle. In preparation for her speech, she talked to her aunt, who is a vegetarian. Clotilde's aunt told her that meat consumption is the number one cause of cancer in the United States. Clotilde does not verify her aunt's statement but repeats it in her speech. Which of the following guidelines for ethical speaking did she violate?

Get facts correct.

A question of ______ addresses whether something is moral or immoral.

value

Speeches on questions of fact are usually organized ______.

topically.

Selim is giving a speech on why young people should vote. He first captures the audience's attention by giving a startling statistic on the low turnout in the last state election. Then, he tells them why this is a major problem, provides a solution to the problem, and helps the audience visualize how they can benefit from voting. Finally, he says, "The next election is coming up in just two months, so I want you all to register to vote today and vote when the time comes." Selim has organized his speech according to

Monroe's motivated sequence.

Which of the following describes the process of creating, reinforcing, or changing people's beliefs or actions?

Persuasion.

According to the textbook, what is the best approach to a persuasive speech about questions of value?

Providing information that justifies your moral stance.

Which of the following addresses whether a particular course of action should or should not be taken?

Questions of policy.

A question of ______ concerns whether something is true or false.

fact

If you were delivering a speech advocating a change in policy addressing child poverty, you would need to offer ______ to solve the problem.

a plan

Which of the following words do formal questions of policy usually include?

Should.

Select all that apply A question of value could address whether something is which of the following? Moral or immoral Likely or unlikely Good or bad True or false

Moral or immoral; Good or bad

Select all that apply Speakers need to address which of the following when arguing questions of policy? Need Practicality Plan Passive agreement

Need; Practicality; Plan

Select all that apply Which of the following should a speaker do when completing the action stage (the fifth step) of Monroe's motivated sequence? Say exactly what they want the audience to do Explain how the audience should take action Tell the audience what the source of the problem is Explain how the problem presented can be fixed

Say exactly what they want the audience to do; Explain how the audience should take action

Which of the following is not one of the organizational patterns especially useful for questions of policy?

Spatial order.

In speech using Monroe's motivated sequence, it is important to make the audience feel that a change is necessary. This is so they will be ready to move to which next step?

They will be ready to hear your solution.

Which of the following is a question of fact?

Who was the first woman elected to Congress?

True or false: In a persuasive speech on a question of policy, the speaker's goal is always to rouse listeners to concrete action.

False

Select all that apply Which of the following are true about speaking persuasively on a question of fact? The aim is not to be impartial. Competing facts need not be included. Competing facts should be given equal weight with supporting facts. Each main point should persuade listeners to agree.

The aim is not to be impartial; Competing facts need not be included; Each main point should persuade listeners to agree

Select all that apply What is the role of a plan in persuasive speaking? To quiet your opposition To convince listeners that there is a problem to be solved To make your argument more persuasive To develop a solution to a defined need

To make your argument more persuasive; To develop a solution to a defined need

Select all that apply Which of the following are important points in organizing persuasive speeches on questions of value? Comparing and contrasting values systems Applying standards of value to your subject Establishing standards for value judgment Pointing out that standards of value are always arbitrary

Applying standards of value to your subject; Establishing standards for value judgment

Which of the following describes the obligation to prove that a change from current policy is necessary?

Burden of proof.

When speakers on a question of policy want more than passive agreement from their audiences, what may they work for?

Immediate action.

Which of the following best describes a persuasive speaker's target audience?

People who have not yet formed a strong opinion.

Select all that apply Which of the following are types of speeches on questions of policy? Speeches to gain passive agreement Speeches to honor a public figure Speeches to gain immediate action Speeches to gain passive action

Speeches to gain passive agreement; Speeches to gain immediate action

Select all that apply Which of the following are questions of value? What was the most boring book published last year? Where was the first computer built? How should we fix the city's smog problem? Is keeping chickens in cages morally justifiable?

What was the most boring book published last year?; Is keeping chickens in cages morally justifiable?

Select all that apply Which of the following are ways for a speaker to capture the audience's attention when using Monroe's motivated sequence? Posing a question Making a startling statement sharing a plan to fix the problem Telling a dramatic story

Posing a question; Making a startling statement; Telling a dramatic story

What should you try to accomplish in a persuasive speech on a question of fact?

Present information to show why listeners should agree with you.

Which speech organizational pattern arranges the first main point to identify a problem, the second main point to explain the cause of the problem, and the third main point to propose a solution?

Problem-cause-solution order.

If you were to deliver a speech advocating a new health insurance policy, it would be most helpful to begin by establishing that there is a(n) ______ for it.

need

A speech to gain ______ agreement occurs when the speaker attempts to convince the audience to support a policy without encouraging them to take action.

passive

Picture a scale where strong opposition against a speaker's position is at the far left end, gradually moving toward strong support for the speaker's position all the way on the far right end. Which of the following is true about this persuasion scale?

Persuasion is any movement from the left side of the scale to the right.

Which of the following is not one of the three basic issues you will face when discussing a question of policy?

Alternative.

What characterizes a partisan speech?

Attempting to encourage someone to adopt a specific action or belief.

Kenzie is giving a speech on why her city should implement a recycling program. She first gains her audience's attention by sharing a startling statistic about the size of the world's landfills. Later in the speech, she says, "Did you know that we are producing about 5 million pounds of trash each year? Our landfill is rapidly filling, and city officials have estimated that if things don't change, it will be necessary to find a new place to dispose of our trash within the next ten years." By including this passage, what is Kenzie doing?

Establishing need.

Select all that apply Which of the following should a speaker do when completing the action stage (the fifth step) of Monroe's motivated sequence? Explain how the problem presented can be fixed Explain how the audience should take action Tell the audience what the source of the problem is Say exactly what they want the audience to do

Explain how the audience should take action; Say exactly what they want the audience to do

Select all that apply What are steps in the problem-solution organizational method of organizing persuasive speeches on questions of policy? Explaining the root causes of the problem Suggesting a practical plan Demonstrating a need Explaining the importance of the problem

Suggesting a practical plan; Demonstrating a need; Explaining the importance of the problem

What is the role of a speaker in an informative speech?

To present the facts as impartially as possible.

What is the most important function of the issue of practicality in persuasive speeches on questions of policy?

What is the most important function of the issue of practicality in persuasive speeches on questions of policy?

Select all that apply A persuasive speech on a question of fact is different from an informative speech because in the persuasive speech the speaker is nonpartisan. acts as an advocate. is partisan. presents information impartially.

acts as an advocate; is partisan

Speeches on questions of ______ can be speeches to gain passive agreement or speeches to gain immediate action.

policy

You are attempting to motivate your listeners, a group of senior citizens, to begin an exercise program. This audience is skeptical that exercise will help resolve their health problems. Therefore, you would need to emphasize the ______ of your plan.

practicality

Kimi is giving a speech on why people should adopt an organic diet. She knows that some of her listeners will probably question why organic is necessary when they were raised on non-organic food, so she makes sure to include some statistics that demonstrate the harmful effects of chemical pesticides and fertilizers on humans and the environment. By anticipating this objection and providing an answer, Kimi is ______.

thinking of her persuasive speech as a mental dialogue with the audience.

Speeches on questions of value are usually organized ______.

topically.

Problem-______-solution is the organizational pattern that identifies a problem, the problem's source, and a solution to the problem.

cause

Molly is giving a speech to her gardening club and has convinced them that something needs to be done to address their recent funding shortfall. Now that she has shown that there is a problem, Molly will ______.

explain her plan for solving it.

A question of ______ asks whether a specific action should be taken.

policy

When you speak to persuade, you ______.

Act as an advocate for something; Want people to agree with you

What is the term for the part of the audience that a speaker most wishes to persuade?

The target audience.

Select all that apply Which of the following is true about persuasion? It is simplistic. It is straightforward. It is psychological. It is a process.

It is psychological; It is a process

Kellan gives a speech in which he argues that a health insurance policy from Healthy Body Insurance is the best policy available. During his speech, he discusses why the Healthy Body Insurance policy is better than the policies offered by Cost Plus Insurance and Superior Health Insurance. Which organizational pattern is Kellan using?

Comparative advantages order.

Select all that apply Which of the following are true about the scale showing degrees of persuasion? A listener may begin from a neutral position on the scale. Any movement on the scale toward the speaker's position constitutes persuasion. A listener may end up in a neutral position on the scale. Persuasion occurs only with a radical shift along the scale toward the speaker's position.

A listener may begin from a neutral position on the scale; Any movement on the scale toward the speaker's position constitutes persuasion; A listener may end up in a neutral position on the scale

Felicia is giving a speech on abortion and is facing varying levels of resistance from many members of the audience. Why is this the case?

Abortion is a controversial topic that touches on listeners' basic attitudes, values, and beliefs.

Select all that apply Which statements correctly describe questions of value? They are based on moral judgments. They are supported by standards. They are grounded in fact. They are based on personal preferences and tastes.

They are based on moral judgments; They are supported by standards

Select all that apply Which of the following are true about questions of fact? They are essentially the same as questions of value. They have provable answers. They revolve around moral judgments. They deal with concrete issues.

They have provable answers; They deal with concrete issues

Which of the following is true about how the topic of a speech affects the response of the listeners?

Listeners are more engaged when the topic is relevant to their lives.

Select all that apply When giving a speech on a question of value, which of the following must you do in order to be effective? Leave no room for other opinions Rely only on enthusiasm Establish your standards Justify your claim

Establish your standards; Justify your claim

True or false: To be persuasive, a speaker must present facts from every side in an impartial manner.

False

Which of the following are guidelines for ethical speaking?

Get facts correct; Study the topic thoroughly; Make sure the goals are ethically sound

Which of the following is an important element in constructing a persuasive speech on a question of value?

Identifying standards to help you justify your argument.

Select all that apply Which of the following are true about persuasion? It can benefit a person's relationships. It can benefit a person's career. It is never a morally correct behavior. It is legitimate only when used in a professional setting.

It can benefit a person's relationships; It can benefit a person's career

In discussing questions of policy, how should time be divided among the points of need, plan, and practicality?

It depends on the level of knowledge that listeners have about each point.

Select all that apply What are advantages of the problem-cause-solution method of organizing speeches on questions of policy? It identifies roots of the problem. It makes it easier to see if the proposed solution will work. It proposes a clear plan for solving the problem. It explains why the speaker's proposed plan is better than other plans.

It identifies roots of the problem; It makes it easier to see if the proposed solution will work; It proposes a clear plan for solving the problem

Select all that apply What are advantages of the problem-cause-solution method of organizing speeches on questions of policy? It explains why the speaker's proposed plan is better than other plans. It makes it easier to see if the proposed solution will work. It proposes a clear plan for solving the problem. It identifies roots of the problem.

It makes it easier to see if the proposed solution will work; It proposes a clear plan for solving the problem; It identifies roots of the problem

Select all that apply Which of the following are organizational patterns especially useful for speeches on questions of policy? Monroe's motivated sequence Problem-cause-solution order Problem-solution order Topical-chronological order

Monroe's motivated sequence; Problem-cause-solution order; Problem-solution order

If you were delivering a persuasive speech on how to end world poverty, which of the following organizational patterns would be a logical choice?

Problem-solution order.

In which of the following organizational patterns does the first main point establish that there is a problem and the second (and last) main point proposes a solution?

Problem-solution order.

When might you choose comparative advantages order organizational method for persuasive speeches on questions of policy?

When your audience already agrees that a problem exists.

Which of the following statements about disagreement is true?

Without disagreement, we would not need to persuade.