Chapter 16 Quiz

Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom associate with malfunction of an implanted cardiac pacemaker? -Heart rate less than 60 beats/min. -Syncope or dizziness. -A rapid heart rate. -Generalized weakness.

-A rapid heart rate. Page 653, Heart Surgeries and Cardiac Assistive Devices

Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should: -contact medical control. -assess for a pulse for 20 seconds. -perform CPR for 30 seconds. -dry the chest if it is wet.

-dry the chest is it is wet. Page 659, Emergency Medical Care for Cardiac Arrest

Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include: -family history. -excess stress. -hyperglycemia. -lack of exercise.

-family history. Page 637, Pathophysiology

Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the: -left atrium. -right atrium. -right ventricle. -left ventricle.

-right atrium. Page 629-630, Anatomy and Physiology

A patient tells you that he has a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Which of the following conditions should you suspect that he has experienced? -Thoracic aortic aneurysm -Uncontrolled hypertension -Acute myocardial infarction -Obstructive lung disease

-Acute myocardial infarction Page 654, Heart Surgeries and Cardiac Assistive Devices

Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure? -Pulmonary edema. -Flat jugular veins. -Labored breathing. -Dependent edema.

-Dependent edema. Page 642, Pathophysiology

A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours' duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, her respirations are 22 breaths/min, and her oxygen saturation is 92%. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should: -give her high-flow oxygen, attach the AED, and transport at once. -obtain a SAMPLE history and contact medical control for advice. -administer oxygen, give her 324 mg of aspirin, and assess her further. -give her one nitroglycerin and reassess her systolic blood pressure.

-administer oxygen, give her 324 mg of aspirin, and assess her further. Page 647, Emergency Medical Care for Chest Pain or Discomfort

A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should: -administer up to 324 mg of baby aspirin. -assess the adequacy of his respirations. -administer up to three doses of nitroglycerin. -obtain vita signs and a SAMPLE history.

-assess the adequacy of his respirations. Page 643, Patient Assessment

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. Bystanders are present, but have not provided any care. You should: -have your partner perform CPR while you question the bystanders. -immediately apply the AED pads and analyze his cardiac rhythm. -begin high-quality CPR and apply and AED as soon as possible. -perform two-rescuer CPR for 5 minutes and request ALS backup.

-begin high-quality CPR and apply and AED as soon as possible. Page 660, Emergency Medical Care for Cardiac Arrest

Signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who: -are older than 40 years of age. -regularly take illegal drugs. -have chronic hypertension. -have had a stroke in the past.

-have chronic hypertension. Page 642, Pathophysiology

After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should: -assess for a carotid pulse. -immediately resume CPR. -re-analyze the cardiac rhythm. -transport the patient at once.

-immediately resume CPR. Page 660, Emergency Care for Cardiac Arrest

Angina pectoris occurs when: -myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply. -one or more coronary arteries suddenly spasm. -a coronary artery is totally occluded by plaque. -myocardial oxygen supply exceeds the demand.

-myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply. Page 637, Pathophysiology

When preparing to obtain a 12-lead ECH, the "LL" and "RL" electrodes should be placed: -on the thighs or ankles. -on the lower abdomen. -on either side of the chest. -anywhere on the arms.

-on the thighs or ankles. Page 651, Cardiac Monitoring

The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 years of age if: -pediatric pads and an energy-reducing device are available. -special pads are used and the child has profound tachycardia. -his or her condition is rapidly progressing to cardiac arrest. -he or she is not breathing and has a weakly palpable pulse.

-pediatric pads and an energy-reducing device are available. Page 655, Cardiac Arrest

A patient in cardiac arrest is wearing an external defibrillator vest, which is interfering with effective chest compressions. The EMT should: -remove the battery from the monitor and then remove the vest. -leave the battery attached to the monitor and remove the vest. -remove the battery from the monitor and leave the vest in place. -perform ventilations only and allow the vest device to defibrillate.

-remove the battery from the monitor and then remove the vest. Page 654, Heart Surgeries and Cardiac Assistive Devices

Most AEDs are set up to adjust the voltage based on the impedance, which is the: -distance between the two AED pads on the chest. -actual amount of energy that the AED will deliver. -direction that the electrical flow takes in the body. -resistance of the body to the flow of electricity.

-resistance of the body to the flow of electricity. Page 655, Cardiac Arrest

The electrical impulses generated by the heart originates in the: -coronary artery. -atrioventricular node. -sinoatrial node. -bundle of His.

-sinoatrial node. Page 631, Anatomy and Physiology

A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when: -all layers of the aorta suddenly contract. -the aorta ruptures, resulting in profound bleeding. -a weakened area develops in the aortic wall. -the inner layers of the aorta become separated.

-the inner layers of the aorta become separated. Page 642, Pathophysiology

A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because: -the lumen of the coronary artery is narrowed and cannot accommodate increased blood flow. -the coronary arteries suddenly spasm and cause a marked reduction in myocardial blood flow. -the ragged edge of a tear in the coronary artery lumen causes local blood clotting and arterial narrowing. -tissues of the myocardium undergo necrosis secondary to a prolonged absence of oxygen.

-the lumen of the coronary artery is narrowed and cannot accommodate increased blood flow. Page 636, Pathophysiology

Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patient: -with a systolic pressure less than 120 mm Hg. -who have taken up to two doses. -with a history of an ischemic stroke. -who have experienced a head injury.

-who have experienced a head injury. Page 648, Emergency Medical Care for Chest Pain or Discomfort