Chapter 16 -

What event sparked the Great Rebellion of 1857?

A rumor that cow and pig fat had been used to grease the cartridges used in soldiers' rifles

What did Marx and Engels believe would be the outcome of the conflict between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat?

A victory by the proletariat that would result in the destruction of capitalism, the end of private property, and the eventual withering away of the state

How would life in Fourier's phalanx qualify as a reform of Restoration Europe's economic order?

All members would work at diverse tasks, for short periods of time

Why did Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles call their theories "scientific" socialism?

Because their arguments were rooted in a materialist view of history

How did nationalist thinkers define "the nation"?

In terms of a common language, culture and history

How did the British change their approach to ruling India after 1857?

India came under the British crown's direct control

What change did the British East India Company make in its approach to ruling India during the 1840s?

It annexed more land and stripped native aristocrats of their priveliges

How did the status of Islam in West Africa change after the establishment of the Sokoto caliphate?

It changed from a minority religion to the majority religion in the region

What was one of the reasons for the collapse of Taiping Rebellion?

It failed to attract strong support from the landed gentry and other elite groups

Hong Xiuquan believed that he was:

Jesus's younger brother sent to rid the world of evil

The goals of European reactionaries during the Restoration period included which of the following?

Rejection of change

In Restoration-period Europe, which of the following was a goal of liberal thinkers?

Supporting individuals' right to speak, think, and act as they chose

Why were women especially drawn to Fourier's reforms?

Women longed for a way to address the social problems of poverty, prostitution, and the exploitation of workers

In which of the following ways did the Zulu leader, Shaka, resemble Mongol leaders?

Both had the ability to incorporate defeated communities into the state

The leaders of eighteenth and nineteenth century Islamic revitalization movements sought to reestablish the glory of Islam through which practice?

Establishing new religiously based governments in lands already under Muslim control

Why did Charles Fourier consign nasty jobs such as cleaning latrines to adolescents?

He believed that adolescents liked to muck about in filth

The Taiping Rebellion was a nineteenth century example of what?

Millenarian peasant revolts

Which of the following was a sharp contrast between millenarian revolts such as the Taiping Rebellion and orthodox institutions?

Millenarian revolts often had women in leadership roles

Why did American officials fear Tecumseh's message even more than his brothers?

Officials feared that Tecumseh's attempt to create a confederation of Native American tribes could lead to a nation comparable to that of the Aztecs

During the early nineteenth century, which of the following led to a crisis in southern Africa?

Overpopulation that strained the region's resource base

Which of the following groups was most attracted to Wahhabi Islam?

People who felt threatened by new commercial activities and the increasing pace of intellectual change

Which of the following contributed to social and political instability in both China and Africa?

Pressure from a gowing population

Which of the following was required of Shawnee culture if they were to be able to cooperate with U.S. government officials?

That men rather than women take over farming

Which of the following characterized the British counterinsurgency effort in India?

The British responded brutally; villages were destroyed and leaders were tied to cannons and executed

How did the outcome of the War of 1812 hasten the ethnic cleansing of Native Americans east of the Mississippi?

The British withdrew their support from south of the Great Lakes, leaving the Shawnee at the mercy of land hungry American settlers

Prior to the mid-nineteenth centuries, how did the Mayan experience of colonial rule differ from that of other indigenous Mexican peoples?

The Mayans escaped forced labor recruitment and social disruption because their territory lacked minerals or fertile land

Wahhabi Islam was a direct threat to the political power of which of the following?

The Ottoman Empire

From which groups did European nationalist movements draw from their greatest number of supporters?

The liberal aristocracy and the commercial middle class

In what way did nineteenth-century nationalist goals prove destructive in the twentieth century?

The nationalist goals of different groups proved incompatible with one another

Which of the following was a common factor in the Shawnee, Maya, and Indian rebellions against colonial control?

The use of prophecy and charismatic leadership

Viewed collectively, the actions of rebels and dissidents in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries reflected which of the following?

Their dislike of capitalism and colonialism

Which of the following is a similarity between the goals of Hong, the leaders of the Islamic revitalization movements and Shaka?

They all sought to restore lost harmony and perceived the present world as unjust

What did the groups that led the 1848 revolutions in Europe have in common?

They shared a desire for independent nations and to overthrow the existing elites

What was a goal of the Mayans in the Yucatan peninsula when they revolted against the Mexican government in 1847?

They wanted political equality with other Mexicans

Which of the following nineteenth-century principles derived from the revolutions of the late eighteenth century?

Government by and for property holding citizens