Chapter 17 inquizitive

Identify the key regional experiences of farmers in the South and the West and which experiences they had in common.

Farmers in the West: - mortgaged land to purchase equipment, seed, and fertilizer Farmers in the South: - mainly relied on sharecropping and tenant farming - interruptions to cotton exportation led many farmers to go into debt and threatened them with the loss of their land Farmers in both regions: - believed their plight was caused by high freight rates charged by railroad companies and excessive interest rates on loans. - blamed the fiscal policies of the federal government for driving down farm prices.

In 1899, Secretary of State John Hay announced the Open Door Policy with China demanding that Chinese authorities allow immigration to the United States.

False

Populists refused to support the creation of labor unions and opposed government interference in the economy.

False

The Immigration Restriction League, while having a large membership, failed to have any impact on legislation in Congress limiting the influx of immigrants to the United States.

False

The Teller Amendment in the Cuban constitution was a guarantee from the U.S. government that it would not interfere in Cuban domestic affairs.

False

Complete the passage describing what happened during the twentieth century to the foreign territories that had been acquired by the United States in 1898.

Hawaii, the Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico

On the following map, select the areas that cast all of their electoral votes for William McKinley, the Republican candidate, in the presidential election of 1896.

Michigan, Ohio, New York

Complete the passage describing how the 1901-904 "Insular Cases" affected U.S. imperial holdings in the Philippines and Puerto Rico. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that rights guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution did not fully apply to territories acquired _____ the United States. Although people in Puerto Rico and the Philippines enjoyed certain fundamental rights, the United States assumed the power to govern them as it saw fit for an _____ period. In this way, the Insular Cases undermined the principle of _____ in the U.S. Constitution regarding residents in territories occupied by the country.

Outside, indefinite, consent of the governed

Analyze the following maps. What do they reveal about the Spanish-American conflicts in the Pacific and Caribbean?

- America had victories in both the Pacific and the Caribbean. - America utilized naval blockades as a tactic in the Caribbean but not the Pacific. - American forces made direct attacks on Spanish possessions.

Which of the following statements describe African Americans and the Populist movement in the late nineteenth century?

- Black farmers formed the Colored Farmers' Alliance. - Most Populists in the South were white landowners and resisted the inclusion of Blacks in any reforms. - Recognizing the need for allies to break the Democratic Party's stranglehold on power in the South, some white Populists insisted that Black and white farmers could unite for common goals.

Identify the statements that describe Chinese immigration and immigrants to the United States.

- Congress excluded Chinese women from entering the United States. - Chinese immigrants were required to carry identification at all times.

Identify the statements that describe the experiences of African Americans in the South during this period.

- In most of the Deep South, African Americans owned a smaller percentage of land in 1900 than they did at the end of Reconstruction. - Black men were excluded from white-collar jobs. - There were numerous social, political, educational, and religious institutions to support the development of a Black middle class in the South.

Within the labor movement, the demise of the Knights of Labor led to a shift away from the broadly reformist past to more limited goals. The ascendancy of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) was indicative of this new direction. Identify the statements that describe the AFL.

- Rather than confronting the owners of industry head on, the AFL devoted itself to negotiating with employers for better working conditions and higher wages. - The new AFL policies became known as "business unionism" in the language of the era's business culture.

Between 1883 and 1905, more than fifty people a year were lynched, which is murder by a mob, in the South. Identify the statements that describe lynching in the South.

- Some lynchings occurred in secret, while others were advertised in advance. - Many victims were accused of raping white women, thereby supposedly justifying the lynching. - Many individuals who spoke out against lynching faced severe repercussions for their actions.

Based on the Populist Party's vote distribution in the map, what can be inferred about the party?

- The Populist Party was influential with farmers and farmworkers. - The Populist Party was influential with mine workers. - The Populist Party was most influential in the West and South.

Which facts about the presidential election of 1896 do these maps reflect?

- The Republican candidate carried the more populous, industrial states. - The results revealed a nation sharply divided along regional lines. - The Populist Party threw its support behind the Democratic candidate in 1896.

Identify the statements that describe the Philippine War.

- The U.S. colonial administration immediately invested in railroads and harbors, brought in American school teachers and public health officials, and sought to modernize agriculture. - Emilio Aguinaldo, the leader of the Filipino rebellion against the Spanish, initially welcomed U.S. forces as allies against the Spanish. - The war was brutal, and both sides committed atrocities during the conflict that ultimately tarnished the reputation of the United States. - McKinley justified the brutal prosecution of the war on the grounds that the United States was trying to civilize and Christianize the Filipinos.

What can be said about the United States as an emerging presence in the global marketplace in 1898, following its acquisition of territories from Spain?

- The United States had become an imperial power. - The United States would be better able to trade with Central and Latin America. - The new territories would be of benefit to the United States in its relations with China.

Identify the statements that describe the United States on the international stage prior to 1890.

- The United States was only a second-rate world power. - The United States was focused on internal growth rather than international expansion.

How did the Populists try to appeal to industrial workers?

- They protected striking miners. - They supported the demands of Coxey's Army for the government to provide unemployment relief.

In the 1890s, the Farmers' Alliance evolved into the People's Party (or Populists), the era's greatest political insurgency. Identify the statements that describe the Populists.

- They spread their message through pamphlets, newspapers, and speakers. - They wanted the government to move beyond partisan conflicts and promote public good.

Identify the statements that describe Booker T. Washington and his ideas.

- Washington urged Blacks to adjust to segregation and abandon agitation for civil and political rights. - Washington urged Blacks to seek the assistance of white employers who would prefer docile, dependable Black workers to radicalized whites. - Washington's curriculum at the Tuskegee Institute emphasized training for a job rather than broad learning.

According to the map, how had the United States acquired lands in the Pacific and Caribbean by 1898?

- annexation - purchase - warfare

The 1890s witnessed a major shift in the sources of immigration to the United States. Define the key terms pertaining to the "new immigrants."

- descriptive term used by native-born Americans to describe new immigrants- "races" - the region(s) from which most 'new immigrants' came- Eastern Europe - the region(s) from which most traditional immigrants came- Ireland, England, Germany, and Scandinavia

Between 1890 and 1906, every southern state attempted to enact laws and constitutional provisions meant to eliminate the Black vote. Identify the methods and laws implemented to disenfranchise African Americans and, to a lesser extent, poor whites.

- grandfather clause - poll tax - literacy requirements

Match the following individuals to their ideas or works.

- inspired the Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions, which tried to "bring light to heathen worlds" (Dwight Moody) - published The Influence of Sea Power Upon History (1890), in which he argued that no nation could prosper without a large fleet of ships engaged in international trade (Alfred Thayer Mahan) - secretary of State to President Benjamin Harrison who urged the president to acquire key territories for naval bases (James G. Blaine) - called for expansion of American territory and values in Our Country (1885) (Josiah Strong)

The Populist platform of 1892, adopted at the party's Omaha convention, remains a classic document of American reform. Identify the statements that describe the Populist platform of 1892.

- put forward a list of proposals that would restore democracy and economic opportunity - called for public ownership of the railroads to ensure farmers would have inexpensive transportation to ship their crops to markets

In the late nineteenth century and into the early twentieth century, the United States emerged as a global empire. Place the following events in chronological order, tracing America's rise to a world power.

1. Cuba revolts against the Spanish. 2. The U.S.S. Maine sinks in Havana Harbor. 3. Theodore Roosevelt's Rough Riders defeat the Spanish at San Juan Hill. 4. Filipinos revolt against American occupation. 5. The Philippines receives independence.

What were the Populist Party's views on women's suffrage?

Both men and women should have equal rights, including voting.

Complete the passage to describe how U.S. racial policies during the late nineteenth century influenced other countries' racial policies. U.S. anti-Chinese laws influenced similar laws adopted in _____. Upon its creation in 1911, the government of _____ established apartheid, modeled after racial segregation in the United States. Despite being vetoed by President Cleveland, U.S. national _____ influenced restrictions on immigrants in other nations.

Canada, South Africa, literacy tests

Brown v. the Board of Education of Topeka was a decision by the Supreme Court in which it was determined that segregation was legal as long as "separate but equal" facilities were maintained for Blacks and whites.

False

In 1894, the Populist vote decreased in rural areas but increased substantially among the urban workers.

False

Review the following video with author Eric Foner titled "Racism in the Age of Empire." Afterward, complete the following statement. American ideals of democracy spread around the globe, as did American ideals and practices of _____. Policies similar to America's anti-Chinese laws were similarly implemented in _____, while segregation policies similar to America's were practiced in _____.

Segregation, Australia, South Africa

In a series of cases called the Insular Cases, the Supreme Court held that the Constitution did not fully apply to the recently acquired territories. This was a significant limitation of the scope of American freedom.

True

The explosion that destroyed the U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898, was revealed not to have been the work of Spanish saboteurs but probably an accident.

True

Read and analyze the "Voices of Freedom" primary source document from the chapter titled "The Souls of Black Folk" (1903) by W. E. B. Du Bois. Afterward, complete the following statement. Du Bois argued that while the perception among ignorant peoples was that African Americans were _____, African Americans were in fact _____ to the development of the nation, stating that the United States was built through the blood and toil of _____.

lisstless, integral, Black Americans