Chapter 18

What is the role of activated protein kinases? Select the best answer. View Available Hint(s) Convert ATP to cAMP by phosphorylation. Degrade cAMP to AMP. Activate adenylate cyclase. Phosphorylate ADP to ATP. Phosphorylate proteins.

Phosphorylate proteins.

Steroid hormones remain in circulation for relatively short periods of time. are transported in the blood dissolved in the plasma. bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells. are proteins. cannot diffuse through cell membranes.

bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells.

Peptide hormones are chemically related to cholesterol. produced by the suprarenal glands. composed of amino acids. lipids. derived from the amino acid tyrosine.

composed of amino acids

All of the following are true of the nervous system, except that it doesn't respond specifically to stimuli. respond with motor output. respond rapidly to stimuli. function independently of the endocrine system. communicate by the release of neurotransmitters.

function independently of the endocrine system

If a diabetic patient received too much insulin, the low blood sugar could be corrected by injecting thyroid hormone. GHIH. glucagon. aldosterone. antidiuretic hormone.

glucagon

If the adenyl cyclase activity of liver cells were missing, which of these hormones could no longer stimulate release of glucose? insulin cortisol leptin glucagon thyroxine

glucagon

Hormones from the adrenal cortex that regulate electrolyte balance are: glucocorticoids mineralocorticoids calcitonin and parathyroid hormone antidiuretics androgens

mineralocorticoids

Cyclic AMP is degraded by __________. View Available Hint(s) AMP phosphodiesterase adenylate cyclase G proteins

phosphodiesterase

Water-soluble hormones affect target cells by binding to __________. View Available Hint(s) plasma membrane receptors protein kinases cAMP cytoplasmic receptors adenylate cyclase

plasma membrane receptors

How do endocrine hormones reach their target cells? Select the best answer. View Available Hint(s) Hormones are released at synapses adjacent to target cells. Hormones are transported through the blood stream to target cells. Ducts transport hormones directly to target cells. Hormones travel through the lymphatic system to target cells. Hormones are produced by endocrine cells that are adjacent to target cells.

Hormones are transported through the blood stream to target cells.

The pituitary hormone that promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone is GH. ACTH. TSH. LH. FSH.

LH

The amplification of the signal from a water-soluble hormone is achieved through an increase in _______. View Available Hint(s) adenylate cyclase in the plasma membrane cAMP in the cytoplasm plasma membrane receptors phosphodiesterase in the cytoplasm water-soluble hormone in the blood

cAMP in the cytoplasm

The hormones that are important for coordinating the immune response are somatotropins. corticosteroids. thyroxines. thymosins. aldosterones.

thymosins.